the star & crescentthe star & crescent e-zine wishes all readers a happy saviours’ day in...
TRANSCRIPT
THE STAR & CRESCENTThe Online E-zine of the Nation of Islam London Study Group
Issue 35March 2018
BLACK PANTHER
SPECIAL
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In the name of AllahThe Beneficent, The Merciful……
As salaam alaikumDear Reader
The Star & Crescent E-zine wishes all readers a HappySaviours’ Day in chicago, Illinois and anywhere around theworld where people are coming together to celebrate thebirth of our Saviour, Master Fard Muhammad. Welcome toissue 35 (March 2018) of the Star & Crescent E-zine.
Over several years, there has been a gradual and steadybuild up in the promotion and publicity, which finally lead tothe launch of the latest Marvel blockbuster movie ‘BlackPanther’ released in cinemas worldwide on 12 February.
It has been a very long time that a movie of this magnitudehas captured the imagination of Black people worldwide.Historically, the Black Panther symbolised hope in thestruggle for freedom, justice and equality in the entire Blackcommunity.
Why does the name Black Panther inspire and fire theimagination? How does the Black Panther influence thehearts and minds of the Black community? Where does thename Black Panther come from?
In this issue, The Star and Crescent E-zine will not bediscussing the movie, but instead looking at two groups ofBlack people who used the name Black Panther in theirstruggle for freedom in the 20th century. The first group isthe Lowndes County Freedom Organisation (based inAlabama) who in 1963 later went on to form the firstpolitical Black Panther Party.
Second, our research takes us to the Second World Warand the US 761st Tank Batallion and the men who fought inEurope bravely behind enemy lines against all odds, aswell as having to continually fight the racism in the militaryand when they returned home.
The Black Panther symbol represents hope for Blackpeople everywhere. However, the Black Panther is not theanswer to Black unity, but it can be the catalyst needed togalvanise and bring Black people closer together. MinisterLouis Farrakhan once said that our unity is more powerfulthan an atomic or hydrogen bomb. Brothers and Sisters,we have much work to do.
Happy Saviours’ Day 2018.
ContentsMinister Louis Farrakhan – The critical hour demands building a future for ourselves and our people……………..3
The Black Panther’s deep Alabama roots: From Tent City toBlack Power…………………………………………………...7
Message to the Blackman…..………………………………11
Black History 365 ...………………………………………….12
761 st Tank Batallion: The Black Panthers……………......15
What the Muslims want ……………………………………..18
What the Muslims believe…………………………………...19
Happy Saviours’ DayFrom The Nation of Islam London and Paris
Study Groups
Left to right: Br Fitzroy Muhammad, Br Karim Muhammad and Br Leo Muhammad
The Nation of Islam London Study Group celebrateSaviours’ Day 2018 at the Columbia Hotel,
Lancaster Gate, London
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Minister Louis Farrakhan
The critical hour demandsbuilding a future for
ourselves and our peopleEditor's note: The following article contains edited excerptsfrom a message delivered by the Honourable MinisterLouis Farrakhan on the occasion of the 16th Anniversary ofthe Million Man March and Holy Day of Atonementcommemoration held at the Philadelphia ConventionCenter in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on Sunday, 9 October2011.
In The Name of Allah, The Beneficent, The Merciful.
The Time for “marching” is over! We’ve done that, andwe’ve accomplished a lot through “marches.” Through theMillion Man March, we proved that we can rise above ourdifferences because The Cause for which we were risingwas greater than the things that divided us. So we cametogether to produce the Greatest Gathering ever to be seenin America — not by Black people, but by anybody!
Now what does that say? If we could rise above ourdifferences to produce what never was seen before, andhasn’t been duplicated since, then what is our call today?
Without Mayor Marion Barry’s backing, the Million ManMarch would never have been. Mayor Barry proved that agood mayor in a city is absolutely necessary to open doorsfor others to walk through. He did not fear for his position;he opened the doors for us. And we were blessed to walkthrough those doors to create a spectacle that went aroundthe world. I thank Allah for you, Mayor Barry.
Mayor Marion Barry
I thank Allah for Reverend Willie Wilson who represents“the clergy,” because the Million Man March could neverhave happened unless Christian pastors joined with us tomake it happen. And we thank Allah for Bev Smith, and forBob Johnson, of BET (Black Entertainment Television), forthey represent “media cooperation.”
Reverend Dr Willie Wilson
Now think about this: You need a “mayor,” so that meansyou need politicians. You have a “great pastor,” so we needour preachers and our spiritual leaders. We have BevSmith, who represents “media” — we need our own mediato back what we’re about to do.
Bev Smith
We need courageous men, like the Reverend Dr BenChavis. And we need support like we had from FrederickaBey, and the women of New Jersey who had beenorganizing since the Million Man March. And where wouldwe be in Philly without our dear brother Kenny Gamble,known to us as Brother Luqman, and his dear wife. MalikZulu Shabazz and the New Black Panther Movement, DrLeonard Jeffries, Brother Abdul Malik, all of the ministers of
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the Nation of Islam, all of the wonderful sisters whosupported us. Thank you all!
Dr Ben Chavis
What is our Call today? It is for us to rise above the thingsthat we differ about, because the future of our peopledepends upon our ability to mobilize for action to bringabout the results that we’ve been begging others for, whichwill never come to us! We have got to do it ourselves!
Malik Zulu Shabazz
And if we don’t have the mind and the spirit to bringourselves out of the condition that we are in, then wedeserve whatever chastisement Allah will bring upon us forour refusal to accept our responsibility.
Dr Leonard Jeffries
The Time of America’s Autumn has begunI’m honoured to be in Philadelphia. Philadelphia is a veryimportant city. In fact, our coming to Philadelphia is longoverdue. Philadelphia is one of the greatest cities not onlyin America, but in the world. And it is one of the mostIslamicoriented cities in America with some of thestrongest Black people in America, sitting right here inPhiladelphia.
Why are we here? What has brought us to this great city atthis great time in America and world history? Why isPhiladelphia so significant? What is the significance of the“Church of Philadelphia” in the Book of Revelation? Herewe are in the city where America was not only conceived,but the city where America came to birth – Philadelphia. Itwas in this great city that 56 white men — notice “men,” not“women” — from 12 of the 13 Original Colonies firstgathered in 1774 to discuss their grave concerns duringwhat is called the “First Continental Congress.”
Philadelphia is called “The Seat of Liberty.” It is where theFounding Fathers met to sign the Declaration ofIndependence and initiate their fight for liberty. It was theplace where the United States Constitution was formed andoriginally signed into existence on 17 September 1787.
It’s not an accident that on 17 September 2011 that youngwhite people started “Occupying Wall Street” young whitepeople are now marching in Philadelphia, in Boston, in SanFrancisco joined by Black people, joined by Labour, joinedby others. It’s not the “Arab Spring” (a term used to showsimilarities between uprisings in the Middle East andprotests taking place in America now), it is the AmericanAutumn that has just begun. And the beauty about“autumn” is the leaves that were once green start giving usdifferent colours.
So it is when it’s a Time for Struggle, people show up indifferent colours. All of us are going to be tested in this“Autumn,” and we must be strong enough and resoluteenough to meet The Challenge.
Whether you know it or not, we are at war. Our survival asa people is at stake. No weakkneed, cowardly “leaders”need to stand in front of Black people today. This is a timefor real men, men who understand that in order for peopleto be “free,” sacrifice has to be made. The loss of life has totake place. Blood must flow in order for people who areenslaved to be free.
The time for “talk” is over. So I think it is no accident thatafter all this time Philadelphia, which means the “City ofBrotherly Love,” becomes that place again for us fromwhich we can see the Coming into Existence of a NewNation.
Dr Martin Luther King Jr
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Martin Luther King, may God be pleased with him, said inhis famous “I Have A Dream” speech, he came to talkabout a “bounced cheque.” I’m here to tell you, It’sbankrupt. So if you expect a cheque from America, you aregoing to be greatly disappointed. You better have another“bank” in mind other than the bank of the government of theUnited States of America. She’s bankrupt, and she’s livingon borrowed time.
I came here today to talk “straight talk.” I came here todaynot to “pussyfoot” around the Truth. I came here today notto be a “politician.” I came here today not to use“diplomatic” language. I came to put my foot so deep intothe behind of The Weak and The Wicked that you will haveto move my shoe leather out of your mouth to begin tospeak again.
I kept wondering ever since I’ve been in Philadelphia.Every morning I woke up I wasn’t feeling well, mentally orphysically and I kept wondering, “Why?” I’ve never beenlike this ever before making a speech, or giving a lecture.It’s something about this city, there’s something about TheTime, and there’s something about what God has laid onmy heart today that if I never make another speech as longas I live, I’m asking you to take this one and piece it apartand decide today whether you really want to be free.
And let me tell you something about being “free.” If you likethe dollar bill, with The Enemy’s face on it, if that meansmore to you than to carve out a future for your children,then die when the dollar dies. If being “popular” meansmore to you than being free, if being accepted by whitepeople means more to you than seeing your babies free,then you have chosen death rather than life.
Our babies are dying, and so are we. And they’re dyingbecause “leadership” is rotten to the core.
United States Constitution
Establishing a Nation and Land upon which to build aFutureWhen these 56 white men came to this city to carve theirfuture, they had many differences like we do. They hadterritorial squabbles over rights, they had squabbles overhow these that were in these colonies should berepresented in a federal structure and how the rights of thestates would be protected. They wrangled over all thesethings in this great city.
And they wrangled over how Black people should berepresented. And ultimately they decided to count us as
“threefifths (3/5)” of themselves, so that our presence onthe plantation as a slave would give white slave ownerspolitical leverage. So by counting us as “3/5 of a person,”this gave the South political domination over the Northernstates for almost 100 years of America’s independence.
So here we are in a country that has elected its first Blackpresident. But the masses of people — Black and white,Hispanic and others — are still not getting what theConstitution and the Bill of Rights formulated in this citywas to be a guarantor over. If we really read theConstitution, the Bill of Rights and its Amendments, TheConstitution is now being scrapped in the name of “politicalexpediency.” The rights intended for the people who arecalled “Americans” are being trampled upon at this verymoment.
That’s why we’re here in Philadelphia. Not to “march.”We’re here to unite for the purpose of building a future forour people, and for those whom this society has notprepared a future for. You know, there’s a New Nationcoming into being and the Door of that Nation is like the“New Jerusalem.” Jerusalem had 12 Gates to The City —“12”, it’s a great number. And like Moses when he struckthe rock, and there were 12 Springs coming forth out of therock and every one of the Members of the Children of Israelknew their drinking place.
Well, the people will drink. We’re going to smite this “rock,”which is a hardhearted people and a recalcitrantgovernment. Yet, with The Rod of God, out of a rock willcome Water and Life for us if we are willing not to be a“free slave” anymore, a Cadillacdriving, Audidriving,BMWdriving, Mercedes Benzdriving, blingblingwearing,houseinthesuburbsliving slave. What can you pass on toyour children? That dilapidated house that you live in? Thatcar that you drive — and the notes that you’re still paying?
What will we leave for our children if we don’t leave them aNation and Land upon which to build a future ourselves andour people?
‘No excuses’From this city 200,000 men came to Washington for theMillion Man March — from this city came men who hadstrong differences of opinion, from every walk of life, fromevery denomination of religion, from every fraternal group,from every different political persuasion, even differentsexual orientation. But something was bigger than “ourdifferences.” It was the hurt and the pain of Black men andwomen, and boys and girls. And we men wanted to cometogether to atone for our failure as men.
God did not make a “man” that we should not beresponsible for our women and our children and yet want tobe respected as a man, and treated as an equal, when wehave not done anything to deserve equal treatment. This isstraight talk. How in the hell can you be “the equal” and youwon’t send your children anything? You run from woman towoman making baby after baby, and looking for thegovernment to support your sex drive? Is this what we havebecome?
Well, my presence here is not necessarily to praise theFounding Fathers for that great document, the Constitution.
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But my presence here is to bury the attitude of those whofounded America.
In their shortsighted vision they never could see thatAmerica was going to house all of the peoples of ourplanet. They didn’t see it. They didn’t think that one dayChinese would be here, Japanese, Koreans, Mexicans,Puerto Ricans, people from Guatemala, Costa Rica, theDominican Republic, Haiti, Barbados, Jamaica. Peoplefrom all over Africa, people from Asia, living all in America.So when we look back at the Constitution, we want toknow, today, do you really mean that we are “citizens,” or isthat a trick? Because if we are citizens, then our rightsshould be protected by the Constitution.
But not only are our rights not protected, white children aremarching because they’ve lost their rights as well. “SoFarrakhan, do you think that this little rebel group that’swith you is qualified to be The Cornerstone of a Brand NewNation?”
If we are guided by Allah (God), then there is nothing thatwe cannot do. We are more than qualified to erect a NewNation on the foundation of the old. I’m talking about this“Constitution,” because we have been playing at “freedom.”However, the men that met here, after they wrangled andput this thing together, they had to challenge the tyranny ofthe King of England.
My question to us is, after we leave here, are we willing tostay in the condition that we’re in, or should we challengeThe Forces that oppress us? Whether they’re from withinourselves, or from outside of ourselves, The Forces thathold us down must be challenged. And that is why BrotherLuqman (Kenny Gamble) said, when he opened andclosed, “No excuses.”
Brother Luqman Abdul Haqq (Kenny Gamble)
Source: Pictures: https://www.usatoday.com http://atlanta.cbslocal.com https://www.scholastic.com https://edition.cnn.com
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The Black Panther Party'sdeep Alabama roots: From'Tent City' to Black power
Nellie Nelson
For many years, Nellie Nelson worked as a sharecropper,often picking 300 pounds of cotton a day in the fields ofJunior Bryant, a white man whose land she paid to live onin Lowndes County, Alabama.
The 85-year-old Black American woman describes thearrangement as akin to the bad old days of outright slavery,and recalls owing the Bryant family money at the end ofmany growing seasons, falling deeper into debt as thecallouses on her hands grew ever thicker and years of herlife slipped away.
The story of Nelson's early life is similar to those of manyBlack people who lived in Lowndes County and elsewherein the Deep South in the mid-20th century. But their livesrapidly began to change in the 1960s, as the heroes of thecivil rights movement broke barriers across Dixie, withLowndes serving as one of the largely forgotten epicentersof their efforts.
An impoverished rural county whose residents have forgenerations been predominantly Black, its white leadersclung hard through the first two-thirds of the 20th Century tothe post-Reconstruction Era's segregation, racism andsocio-economic systems of control. But, improbably, lowlyLowndes would in the mid-1960s play host to the birth ofthe Black Panther Party.
That genesis story is well-known by many who live in ornear the county sandwiched between Selma andMontgomery, but it is often forgotten by the history books.The Lowndes Black population's agitations of 1965 and1966 at first left dozens of Black residents homeless andmarginalised, forced to live in makeshift encampmentswhere they endured violent threats and attacks. But theircourageous acts sparked a revolution that would swiftlysweep the nation.
Beginning in 1965, Nelson joined scores of fellow BlackLowndes County residents in attending "mass meetings" atMt. Gillard Baptist Church off U.S. Route 80. The house ofworship was a natural gathering place for the local BlackAmerican community, and it doubled as a way to skirt adraconian injunction that barred more than two Blackpeople from speaking together in a public place.
"I was very interested in the mass meetings because Iwanted to learn all I could and do all I can because we
needed better assistance here in Lowndes County and weneeded to get together," Nelson recalled earlier this month.
Mt Gillard Baptist Church, Lowndes County, Alabama
Within the relatively safe confines of that humble countrychurch, they absorbed lessons about the goals of thestruggle for equal rights and how to organize for changedelivered via speeches by Black civil rights leaders likeStokely Carmichael and Huey Newton.
Stokely Carmichael (left)and Huey Newton
Today, these giants of civil rights history are rememberedas two of the founding fathers of the Black Panther Party,which many believe originated in Oakland, California inOctober 1966. But the true roots of the Black Panther Partygo back to the poor, rural county Nelson has called homeher entire life.
Right to voteLowndes County first emerged as a civil rights nerve centerin the summer of 1965, when a young Carmichael – whohad recently coined the term "Black power" and would goon to become a patriarch of the Black Panthers – was sentthere by the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee(SNCC) to attempt to register Black voters.
Before the voting drive got underway in tandem with theLowndes County Christian Movement for Human Rights,only a handful of Black people – who had been inspired bya smallscale, locally organized registration drive thatbegan that January – were registered to vote in the county.
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This despite the fact that more than 80% of itsapproximately 15,000 residents were Black American.
Lowndes County Freedom Organization (LCFO)Headquarters
As part of this effort, Carmichael and the SNCC foundedthe Lowndes County Freedom Organization (LCFO) shortlyafter his arrival in the county in an attempt to register Blackpeople to vote and nominate Black American candidatesfor local office.
It was the LCFO that first used the famous image of thecoiled Black panther that would go on to become thenamesake of the National Black Panther Party. Newtonwould later say that the Black Panther symbolized the spiritof America's maligned Black population, who after beingbacked into a corner for so long were finally fighting backagainst their oppressors.
By 6 August 1965, when President Lyndon B Johnsonsigned the Voting Rights Act of 1965 into law, codifying theright of Americans of all races to vote, only about 250 ofLowndes County's more than 12,000 Black residents hadpassed literacy tests and become registered voters.
The impacts of the historic law were not immediately felt inDixie. The poll tax was not specifically ruledunconstitutional in Alabama until a federal court ruled onthe matter on 3 March 1966, and even then access to theelectoral process was severely limited in much of the state.
In Lowndes County which had long been known as"Bloody Lowndes" due to its reputation for racially drivenbrutality white people angered by the new paradigminstigated race riots and wrought violence against manyBlack Americans who registered to vote. During that period,several movement figures of both races were killed bythose who wished to enforce the existing order.
Lowndes County Tent City
'Tent City'Adding insult to grave injury, many Black residents ofLowndes County were in a situation much like Nelson's,renting their land and homes from white men. In order topunish Black people who registered to vote, manylandowners kicked them off their land.
"When the civil rights [movement] started, and the massmeetings were going on, I started going to the massmeetings," said Nelson, who retains a youthful energy andmoves quickly with the assistance of a cane, though herneck is badly crooked after decades of hard labour.
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"After going to the mass meetings, living on this man'splace, he wanted to put me off because I was going to themass meetings but still I was working for him and I don'tsee why because working on the farm is not easy. Pickingcotton is not easy. Hoeing is not easy. But you have to dowhat you have to do."
She was fortunate enough to have relatives in Michiganwho sent money for her to purchase land and build thathouse after she and her family were evicted, but manyother Black Lowndes residents were not so lucky. Between10 and 20 families were forced to move into what came tobe known as "Tent City," one of several such encampmentsacross the South that Black people were forced to moveinto during this tumultuous period.
Anthony Bates, Park Ranger at the Lowndes County Interpretive Center
Lowndes County's Tent City was an assemblage of large,sturdy militarysurplus tents donated by the National Guardto the newly homeless residents, who set up camp. Theylargely relied on the generosity of friends and strangersboth local and across the nation for food and othernecessities, according to Anthony Bates, Park Ranger atthe Lowndes County Interpretive Centre, an impressiveNational Park Service museum a stone's throw from thesite where the tent city once stood.
Life in Tent City was difficult, and the men and women wholived there often endured threats and other intimidationtactics at the hands of white residents who disagreed withtheir cause.
"There were shots that were fired into the tents or I shouldsay really into the site several times throughout the week,"Bates explained. "Young men had to grow up very quickly,and so if you were 10, 11, 12 years old, you might learnhow to shoot a shotgun just because you were living inTent City, and you never know what could happen on anightly basis."
But for many people, there was no other option, and TentCity is a spectre that still hangs over Lowndes County tothis day a reminder of the cruelty its white residentsperpetrated on their fellow citizens just 55 years ago thisyear. Nelson, still remembers what many of her friendswent through during that period.
"God bless their souls, they had to move and had to havetents and live over there in Tent City, and that's where so
many moved," she said. "But God bless us, we foundsomewhere we could move, and we didn't have to go toTent City, my children and all of us."
The Panthers' first electionDespite the advent of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 and theabuse Black residents suffered for registering to vote inLowndes County, the new Black voting bloc would have nomeasurable impact on the outcome of the November 1966state and local election.
This was more than a yearandahalf after thousands ofprotesters marched through the heart of Lowndes Countyen route from Selma to Montgomery, passing Mt. Gillardalong the way. The civil rights tide was rolling across theAmerican south, and Black empowerment was taking rootin many Alabama communities.
Selma to Montgomery march
As they always had, the Lowndes Democratic andRepublican parties proposed allwhite slates of candidatesfor a variety of offices in the Blackmajority county. TheLCFO and other advocates coordinated a slate ofpoliticians who ran for countylevel office on the new BlackPanther ticket in the election, and "Lowndes CountyNegroes [were] serious about taking over their county,"according to a 1966 SNCC newsletter. But none of thecandidates won their races, a result that led many BlackLowndes County Black residents to question the election'slegitimacy.
"You have to think about what was going on in the area.Look back at Tent City, this location. If you support this new
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organisation, if you support this movement and you arelosing your job, you are losing your home, it makes it kindof intimidating to maybe go out and vote, especially forpeople who look like you," Bates explained.
"Also, too, there were some of the votes that weren'tproperly counted. Now I'll be honest, I wasn't there wheneverything was counted and things were put into place, butyou can tell with just the difference in votes, there weresome things that weren't in place."
But over time, Black Lowndes residents gained increasingpower over political outcomes in the county, and 3 of the 5current members of the Lowndes County Commission areBlack, a sign of how far the community has come in thepast 5 decades.
‘A long way to go'Yet today, Nelson, Bates and others in tune with the Blackcommunities of Lowndes County and beyond believe thatappreciation for the progress made during the civil rightsera has fallen precipitously in recent years. They areparticularly concerned that young Black people have losttouch with the struggles of their forebears and the gainsthey fought so hard to make.
Lowndes County Commission Chairman Robert Harris,says that though many strides have been made andobstacles overcome, Black people in Alabama and acrossthe nation still face many problems and inequities that mustbe addressed.
"The question remains: Why are we segregated in ourschool system, why are we still segregated in our churcheswhen we all believe in God? Why is there such a differencein earnings when we do the same jobs as others?" heasked.
"As far as people being put off their property, that's nothappening anymore because people either bought theirproperty or moved from the South further north. So theyhave gotten past the Tent City type of deal, but we stillhave a long way to go to reach an equal playing field. We
as a race don't want a handout, we just want an opportunityto start out on an equal playing field."
Nellie's son, Arthur Nelson Sr., currently serves as head ofthe Lowndes County Friends of the Civil Right Movement,an organization devoted to the county's civil rights historythat is working to build a monument honouring Tent City.
He vividly remembers going with his mother to the massmeetings at Mt. Gillard as a young boy, and says that it isvitally important for the lessons of the civil rights era to bepassed down. "If you don't know your history, you have astrong way of repeating it, and I think what has happened iswe've become too complacent with the way things arenow," he said.
"And we forget that there were times when we couldn't walkinto McDonald's and buy a hamburger, and because wehave all this freedom now, we just lose track or we forgetfrom whence we've come. And that way our folks, andespecially our new generation, they don't realize howimportant it is to keep the dream alive, they don't realizehow important it is to keep pressing forward."
The way to combat that complacency and ignorance, NellieNelson believes, is to educate young people about civilrights history and the gains her generation made, and toemphasize the importance of continuing to strive forequality and better lives.
"Them that are old enough, they think about it. But youhave to teach the younger ones. You teach them whathappened back then, how bad it was back then, and howwe was treated back then," she said.
"There's been some changes, but we still have a long wayto go. With God, all things are possible, but you've got tostick together."
Source: http://www.al.comPictures: https://oakulture.com https://www.pinterest.co.uk http://vaughan.promowebus.com http://sfbayview.com https://visitlowndes.wordpress.com
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Message to the Blackman
Everything has failedIslam comes after everything fails. Its significance is themaking of Peace. The Muslim’s greeting to each other is“Peace.” What better religion could we desire after beingdivided and made enemies of each other? Do not tell usthat you have “unity and peace” in the whote race’s religioncalled Christianity. The white race does not like Islam,because it is truth and entire submission to the will of Allah,and this is against their nature. They cannot live the life offreedom, justice and equality – not even amongthemselves.
Many of you sing the old song, “Give Me That Old TimeReligion.” Islam is that “old time religion.” It is as old as GodHimself, and God is the author of Islam. Islam was notinvented as is the case of Christianity and other religions.Islam came with Allah (God) and the universe. In the holyQur’an it says: “This day I have perfected for you, yourreligion and completed my favour on you; and have chosenfor you, Islam as a religion” (Holy Qur’an 5:3).
Here, Islam claims to be a perfect religion and its author,the Perfect One (God). What can be imperfect about Islamwhen it means “Entire submission to the Will of God?”What can be wrong or imperfect about the religion of Islamwhich was the religion of Noah, Abraham, moses, Jesusand all the Prophets of God to Muhammad, the last of theProphets? Islam proves that its author is God, inasmuch asAllah (God) is on the side of every true Muslim. This is easyto see today.
Every one of you who are accepting Islam can bear witnessto that, for the first time in your life, you feel the power andhelp of almighty Allah (God) on your side. Your whole lifebecomes changed for the better. Your fear is removed. Yourgrief is gone. Your desire to do evil things is leaving you forgood. Love for your brother (your people) for the first timeis now becoming a reality. It is the aim of Allah (God) ingiving Islam to you and me; to unite us; to remove fear,sorrow, sickness; and to bring us into that heavenly life,peace of mind and contentment.
Do you mean to say that you do not need such religion? Ordo you say that the white race’s manufactured Christianityis giving you peace and contentment – whose worldrecognised Father is the Pope of Rome? Not Jesus, norAllah (God), is the Father of the christian religion, aspractised by the white race and those who believe in it.
Islam is the natural religion of the Black Nation. It is thenature in which we are made. We are called to return toIslam in these words from the Holy Qur’an: “Set your faceupright for religion in the right state. The nature naturemade by Allah in which He has made men: there is noaltering of Allah’s Creation. That is the right religion, butmost people did not know” Holy Qur’an (30:30).
Pope Benedict XVI
The devils know the true religion of Allah and have alwaysknown it. But they will not teach itbecause it is against theirnature to believe and teach the religion of God, whichwould upset his chances of ruling the people underfalsehood.
Islam for so-called NegroesSay: “O people, if you are in doubt as to my religion, (Islam)then know that I do not serve those whom you servebesides Allah, Who will cause you to die” (Holy Qur’an10:104)
According to the past histories of prophets and reformers,the very people to whom they were sent with the light oftruth were their rejectors and even their enemies. When thetime comes for a change in the life of a people, there arethose who will not appreciate a change. They aresuspicious and doubt that which is other than what theyhave been believing all their lives. The people of Noah,Abraham, Moses and Jesus doubted that which theseprophets brought to them from Allah (God) until Allahbrought about a showdown between the two.
The so-called American Negroes have been so gravelydeceived by the white man’s Christianity and Bible that theydoubt everything that does not have the white man’sapproval. Again, the time has arrived for a change. Thistime is universal, and the great problem now is to awakenthe American so-called Negroes.
The so-called Negroes are made to believe that all religionsother than the Christian religion are false and idol worship,while the Christians worship idol gods in their churches andreligious literature. They bow in reverence to statues andimaginary pictures of God, the angels, the prophets and thedisciples as if they could speak. Worst of all, the picturesand statues are not of God, His angels, the Prophets, orthe disciples of Jesus.
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Therefore, they are false worshippers and ignorant enoughto love the falsehood. Isaiah and Ezekiel have welldescribed them. The christian believers claim to believe inOne god. Should not the Divine supreme Being destroythose who serve and worship gods other than He? Allah(God) does not approve of you and me worshipping Hisangels and prophets as His equal. It is a disgrace.
The religion of Islam teaches that Allah is One God, andthe Holy Qur’an teaches that what you worship besidesAllah is the firewood of hell. You doubt the Truth of Islam,while it is the religion of Allah (God) and the prophets whomyou claim to believe in.
Again, the principles of belief in Islam are: One God, HisProphets, His Scriptures, His Judgment, His Resurrection(of the mentally dead). The main principle of action inIslam: keeping up prayer, spending in the cause of truth,fasting especially during the month of Ramadan, pilgrimageto Mecca, speaking the truth regardless to whom or what,being clean internally, loving you brother believers asyourself, doing good to all, killing no one whom Allah hasordered not to be killed, setting at liberty the capturedbeliever, worshipping no god but Allah. These are theteachings of the prophets.
Message to the Blackman in America by The Honourable Elijah Muhammad
Pictures: https://en.wikipedia.org
Black History 3651 March 1927 – Harry Belafonte born.
1 March 1994 - Leonard S Coleman Jr, elected president of the National Baseball League.
2 March 1867 - US Congress enacts charter to establish Howard University.
2 March 1979 – Joyce Jee Esien, actor and comedian (3 Non-blondes), born.
3 March 1865 - Freeman's Bureau established by federal government to aid newly freed slaves.
Garrett Morgan
3 March 1877 – Garrett Morgan, inventor (of the traffic lights and the gas mask), born (1877 – 1963).
3 March 1981 – Fatima Whitbread, athlete, 1984 and 1988 Olympic medalist, born.
4 March 1965 - Bill Russell of the Boston Celtics honoured as NBA most valuable player for fourth time in five years.
5 March 1770 - Crispus Attucks is one of the first casualties of the American Revolution.
5 March 1948 – Eddy Grant, musician, born.
6 March 1857 - US Supreme Court issues Dred Scott decision.
7 March 1952 – Viv Richards, cricket player, Antigua, Somerset and West Indies international, born.
7 March 1965 - US Supreme Court upholds key provisions of the Voting Rights Act 1965.
8 March 1977 - Henry L Marsh III is the first Black American elected Mayor of Richmond, Virginia.
Harriet Tubman
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9 March 1913 – Harriet Tubman, the “engineer” of the Underground Railroad, dies.
9 March 1941 - Amistad mutineers released by US Supreme Court.
Benjamin Banneker
11 March 1789 – Benjamin Banneker designs the city layout of Washington DC.
11 March 1959 - Lorraine Hansberry's "A Raisin In the Sun" opens at Barrymore Theatre, New York, the first play by a Black woman to premier on Broadway.
Jean Baptiste Point de Sable
12 March 1773 – Jean Baptiste Point de Sable, founder of Chicago, Illinois.
12 March 1932 - Andrew Young, UN ambassador and Mayor of Atlanta, born.
13 March 1954 – Baroness Valerie Amos, politician and diplomat, born.
13 March 1977 – Fanny Lou Hamer, freedom fighter, dies.
14 March 1965 - Montgomery bus boycott ends when municipal bus service is desegregated.
14 March 1979 – Tessa Sanderson, athlete, born.
Freedom's Journal
15 March 1827 – Freedom's Journal, first Black American newspaper published by John Russwurm and Samuel Cornish.
15 March 1988 - Eugene Antonio Marino, first Black archbishop in Atlanta.
16 March 1846 - Rebecca Cole, second Black woman physician in America, born.
17 March 1885 - William F Cosgrove patents automatic stop plug for gas and oil pipes.
17 March 1890 - Charles B Brooks patents street sweeper.
18 March 1822 - The Phoenix Society, a literary and educational group, founded by Black people in New York City.
Dr Frances Cress Welsing
18 March 1935 – Dr Frances Cress Welsing, author of the Yisis Papers, born (1935 – 2016).
19 March 1971 - Reverend Leon Sullivan elected to board of directors of General Motors.
20 March 1883 - Jan E Matzeliger patents shoe-making machine
20 March 1912 – Carter G Woodson receives doctorate from Harvard University.
20 March 1936 – Lee Scratch Perry, musician, born.
20 March 1957 – Spike Lee, film director, born.
20 March 1979 – Freema Agyeman, actor, born.
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21 March 1492 – Alonzo Pietro, pilot sailed with Christopher Columbus.
21 March 1965 - Dr Martin Luther King Jr leads march fromSelma to Montgomery, Alabama, for voting rights.
21 March 1949 – Alvin Kalicharan, cricket player, Guyana, West Indies international and Kenya team coach, born.
22 March 1898 - J W Smith patents lawn sprinkler.
23 March 1873 - Slavery abolished in Puerto Rico.
Dr Walter Rodney
23 March 1942 – Dr Walter Rodney, politician and author of 'How Europe underdeveloped Africa,' born.
24 March 1837 - Black American citizens obtain the right tovote in Canada.
24 March 1970 – Robbie Gee, actor, born.
24 March 1976 – Angelica Bell, television presenter, born.
25 March 1843 - Explorer Jacob Dodson sets out in Search of the Northwest Passage.
The Scottsboro Boys
25 March 1931 – Scottsboro Boys arrested at Rock Point, Alabama.
26 March 1872 - Thomas J Martin patents fire extinguisher.
26 March 1911 – William H Lewis is US assistant attorney general.
26 March 1937 – William Hastie, first Black US Federal judge.
26 March 1944 – Diana Ross, singer, born.
28 March 1870 - Jonathan S Wright is first Black State Supreme Court Justice in South Carolina, USA.
29 March 1898 - W J Ballow patents combined hat rack and table.
30 March 1870 - Fifteenth Amendment of the US Constitution ratified, guaranteeing voting rights to Black American people.
Olaudah Equiano
31 March 1797 – Olaudah Equiano dies.
31 March 1988 - Toni Morrison wins Pulitzer Prize for Beloved.
Pictures: https://en.wikipedia.org http://ladywesaluteyou.com http://blogs.weta.org https://prezi.com/dgu_l0adl85d/scottsboro-boys-trial/ http://theimpactofthefreedomsjournal.blogspot.co.uk
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761st Tank Battalion:The Black PanthersThe 761st Tank Battalion was an American tank battalion,raised during World War II, which was made up almostexclusively of AfricanAmerican soldiers. It was one ofthree tank battalions of its kind and one of only a handful ofunits which allowed Black men to serve in an active combatrole.
Known as ‘The Black Panthers’ this unit eventually sawactive service in Europe, despite the misgivings ofpoliticians and military leaders alike. Several of the menwho served with the 761st received citations for braveryand men of the battalion earned 1 Medal of Honour and 11Silver Stars.
The battalion got its nickname of the ‘Black Panthers’because of their insignia and their motto of ‘come outfighting’ was lived up to in the engagements they becameinvolved in.
Two other ‘Black only’ tank battalions were the 758th whichsaw service in Italy and the 784th which also served inFrance.
The US Army of 1940The US Army leading up to the Second World War was onewhich still practiced discrimination of Black soldiers. Blackmen were not allowed to serve in combat roles and mostwere assigned to the most menial of tasks, such asstewards, clerks and other lowly positions.
This changed as the war progressed, pushed by AfricanAmerican run newspapers which pushed for Black men tobe allowed to serve equally and eventually the military andpoliticians gave way to the pressure and allowed a tokennumber of units to be formed.
But this did not mean that they were suddenly accepted.There was still a lot of suspicion surrounding theircapabilities, however, and training was often much longerthan it would have been for units comprising of whitesoldiers doing similar tasks. It wasn’t until after the SecondWorld War that Black soldiers could serve alongside theirwhite counterparts.
Racial InequalityBefore and during World War II, American military leadershad reservations about using Black American soldiers incombat. Racism was rife in the armed forces, with mostsenior officers convinced that ‘Negros’ were poor soldiersand could not be relied upon.
General Lesley J McNair
It wasn’t until General Lesley J McNair argued that‘coloured’ units should be employed in combat that the USArmy began to experiment with segregated combat units in1941.
This program was given national exposure in Life Magazineand the 761st was constituted on 15 March 1942 andactivated 1 April 1942, at Camp Claiborne, Louisiana. Thebattalion began training in M5 Stuart tanks and learnedhow to manoeuvre, mount, dismount, and maintain thevehicle’s main gun and .30 caliber machine guns. Final
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training was at Fort Hood, Texas, where they wereupgraded to the M4 Sherman.
Training the 761stMost of the Black tankers had to train in installationslocated in deep Southern states such as Kentucky,Louisiana, and Texas. In the days before the civil rightsadvances made in the 1960s, Black people were stilltreated harshly in the South and often considered aninferior race. The men of the 761st trained for almost twoyears, conscious of the fact that white units were beingsent overseas after as little as two or three months
Battlefield HonoursThe 761st saw action in the Rhineland and on German soilas well. But arguably its finest hour came when they weresent to bolster the American lines during the Battle of theBulge.
FranceFollowing a short time in England, the 761st arrived inFrance via Omaha Beach on 10th October 1944, just fourmonths after the unimaginable slaughter which had almostseen American troops withdrawn from that part of theinvasion. The full complement comprised of six whiteofficers, thirty Black officers, and 676 Black enlisted men.They were allocated to General George Patton’s US ThirdArmy, attached to the 26th Infantry Division, apparently onhis own demand.
It made its way to the French/German border, where it hadits first taste of action in several small towns in the area,often in the thick of the fighting and suffering 156 casualtiesin just one month.
PattonIt was said that George Patton had made the request thatthe 791st be under his command in France. This wouldhave been typical of man who was never far from thelimelight and he would likely have viewed this as a goodopportunity to advance his own persona.
When he reviewed the battalion, shortly before they wentinto action for the first time, Patton made one of histrademark speeches which was no doubt intended to bemotivational, but which fell somewhat short of the mark:
‘Men, you’re the first Negro tankers to ever fight in theAmerican Army. I would never have asked for you if youweren’t good. I have nothing but the best in my Army. Idon’t care what colour you are as long as you go up thereand kill those Kraut sonsofb*tches. Everyone has their eyeson you and is expecting great things from you. Most of allyour race is looking forward to your success. Don’t let themdown and damn you, don’t let me down! They say it ispatriotic to die for your country. Well, let’s see how manypatriots we can make out of those German sonsofb*tches.’
When Patton returned to his headquarters later that day,his mood had changed and he told one of his subordinates:‘They gave a good first impression, but I have no faith inthe inherent fighting ability of the race.’
Although Patton was forced into a rethink during the Battleof the Bulge, when he needed every available man hecould lay his hands on, he still had reservations about the791st. After the war was over, and Patton had taken thetime to reflect on the period in his memoir, War as I KnewIt, he admitted that he had made the comment butsteadfastly refused to accept that he had been wrong:‘Individually they were good soldiers, but I expressed mybelief at the time, and have never found the necessity ofchanging it, that a coloured soldier cannot think fastenough to fight in armour.’
Despite all the above, the consensus of many veterans ofthe 761st was that they had been proud to serve underPatton.
The Battle of the BulgeIn midDecember 1944, Hitler made one last throw of thedice as he tried to regain the initiative in the west. Using thelast of his dwindling reserves he launched a surprise attackagainst the weakest part of the Allied lines, using 7armoured divisions and twice that number of infantrydivisions against the initially weaker Americans.
Hitler’s ultimate objective during this campaign was toreach Antwerp and cut the perilously fragile supply linesthat the Allies relied upon, reasoning that he could starvethem of ammunition and food and so force a negotiatedsettlement which would leave him to concentrate his armiesagainst the Soviets.
This flawed logic took no account of the other crucialdifficulties that the Germans faced in 1944 and reliedheavily on luck rather than military might to succeed.
Nevertheless, Hitler’s Generals took on their orders withtheir usual devotion to duty and the attack was launchedduring atrocious weather, on December 16th.
Initially, the Germans, with surprise on their side, managedto push deep into the American lines. German commandos,led by the ruthless Otto Skorzeny and disguised inAmerican uniforms, caused chaos behind enemy lines bycarrying out acts of sabotage and ambush and it wasPatton’s idea to use the men of the 761st to put an end tothis.
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They were ordered to man checkpoints and other vitalinstallations which may have been a target and were told toshoot any white soldiers acting suspiciously.
This may seem like a callous order, but the American lineswere dangerously close to being completely overwhelmedin the early part of the battle and Patton had to act fast.As the assault wore on and became more of a battle ofattrition, Patton suddenly realized that he was desperatelyshort of trained men. He used every man who could carry arifle to defend the strategic points of the line and eventually,much against his better judgment, he ordered the 761st toBastogne, to support the 101st Airborne Division, who hadbeen defending the town since the 20th December, and tobreak the siege.
On 27th December Patton’s forces smashed their waythrough the German ring around Bastogne, allowingresupply and the evacuation of wounded. Following theBattle of the Bulge, the 761st attacked and breached theSiegfried Line and opened the way for the US 4th ArmoredDivision to smash their way into Germany proper.
As the war slowly and inexorably headed towards its final,bloody conclusion the 761st was one of the first Americanunits to reach the town of Steyr in Austria, where theylinked up with Soviet forces of the 1st Ukrainian Front.
Deactivation and HomeThe 761st was deactivated in Germany on 1st June 1946,more than a year after the cessation of hostilities, but themen of the 761st were to be disappointed if they thoughtthey would be welcomed home with open arms.
White soldiers were often greeted with cheering crowdsand euphoria, while the men of the 761st were continued tobe treated with disdain and in some cases, outrighthostility.
It was not to last, however. The service record of Black onlycombat units had shown that the men serving in them hadwon the right to be treated in the same way as their whitecounterparts.
On 26 July 1948, President Harry Truman issued ExecutiveOrder 9981, which abolished racial discrimination in the USarmed forces and eventually ended segregation. Thesoldiers of the 761st, along with other men who served inthe Black only units of World War Two, had beeninstrumental in that change.
Individual BraverySeveral men of the 761st received medals for individualacts of heroism during their time in France.
Staff Sergeant Ruben Rivers was awarded the Medal ofHonor for his part in an action in the town of Guebling,France. Despite being severely wounded in the leg, andhaving lost his tank, Rivers refused to be evacuated, tookcommand of another tank and continued to direct fire atenemy positions. He then covered the retreat of ACompany’s tanks as they withdrew. It was during this partof the action that Rivers’ tank was hit and he was killed.The medal was awarded posthumously, but not until 1997.
Tank commander Sergeant Warren G. H. Crecy came tothe assistance of his stranded men on 10th November1944 and fought until his tank was destroyed. Alightingfrom his crippled vehicle, he then destroyed an enemyposition armed with only a .30caliber machine gun. Hethen went on to kill the German forward observers whowere directing fire on the US troops.
After commandeering a replacement tank, Crecy lost thisone too and was attacked by German infantry. He held offthis attack with a machine gun and forced them to into aretreat, despite being heavily outnumbered. Crecy’s menlater reported that it had been difficult to relieve him of themachine gun after the action.
Crecy was nominated for the Medal of Honor and receiveda battlefield commission. His heroism earned him thenickname of the ‘Baddest Man in the 761st.’ he retired fromthe army as a Major.
Other Famous ‘Black Panthers’There were several men who served within the ranks of the761st who gained national recognition in one way oranother. Lieutenant Jackie Robinson, for instance, becamefamous before and after the war.
In July 1944, while taking a bus from his training base atFort Hood, Robinson was told by the driver to sit at therear. He refused and was subsequently arrested.
The ensuing courtmartial saw him acquitted of the ‘crime’and he was released, only to find that the 761st hadalready departed for France. Robinson was reassigned tothe 758th instead and saw out his war service with them.
But Robinson wasn’t finished with setting new standards. In1947, once he had seen out his time in the army, hebecame the first Black player to play in Major LeagueBaseball, turning out for the Brooklyn Dodgers.
MemorialsA monument dedicated to the 761st Tank Battalion wasunveiled on 10th November 2005, as a permanent tributeto the men who served in the unit. Surviving membersattended the ceremony of the unveiling of the tribute, whichis located on 761st Tank Battalion Drive.
It is made up of four black granite tablets surrounding a lifesize marble sculpture of a 761st Tank Battalion member,kneeling on top of a black granite pedestal. It is engravedwith a tank on the front and a panther on the back.
Source: https://ancestralfindings.com
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Nation of IslamLondon Study Group (LSG) meetings
Every week Brothers and Sisters of the Nation of Islammeet and engage in a course of study prepared by MinisterLouis Farrakhan called 'Self Improvement – The Basisfor Community Development.'
Brothers and Sisters are invited to join our Sundaymeetings held at the following venue: The Vale Community CentrePentland RoadKilburnLondon NW6 5RTEvery Sunday 4pm to 6pm
For further information about the Nation of Islam London Study Group
meetings contact: 07584 976969 Email: [email protected]
Website: www.londonstudygroup19.org YouTube channel:
The Nation of Islam London Study Group
The Honourable Elijah Muhammad
What the Muslims want 1. We want freedom. We want a full and completefreedom.
2. We want justice. Equal justice under the law. We wantjustice applied equally to all, regardless of creed or class orcolour.
3. We want equality of opportunity. We want equalmembership in society with the best in civilized society.
4. We want our people in America whose parents orgrandparents were descendants from slaves, to be allowedto establish a separate state or territory of their own–eitheron this continent or elsewhere. We believe that our formerslave masters are obligated to provide such land and thatthe area must be fertile and minerally rich. We believe thatour former slave masters are obligated to maintain andsupply our needs in this separate territory for the next 20 to25 years – until we are able to produce and supply our ownneeds. Since we cannot get along with them in peace andequality, after giving them 400 years of our sweat andblood and receiving in return some of the worst treatmenthuman beings have ever experienced, we believe ourcontributions to this land and the suffering forced upon usby white America, justifies our demand for completeseparation in a state or territory of our own.
5. We want freedom for all Believers of Islam now held infederal prisons. We want freedom for all Black men andwomen now under death sentence in innumerable prisonsin the North as well as the South. We want every Blackman and woman to have the freedom to accept or rejectbeing separated from the slave master’s children andestablish a land of their own. We know that the above planfor the solution of the Black and white conflict is the bestand only answer to the problem between two people.
6. We want an immediate end to the police brutality andmob attacks against the so-called Negro throughout theUnited States. We believe that the Federal governmentshould intercede to see that Black men and women tried inwhite courts receive justice in accordance with the laws ofthe land–or allow us to build a new nation for ourselves,dedicated to justice, freedom and liberty.
7. As long as we are not allowed to establish a state orterritory of our own, we demand not only equal justiceunder the laws of the United States, but equal employmentopportunities–NOW! We do not believe that after 400 years
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of free or nearly free labour, sweat and blood, which hashelped America become rich and powerful, so manythousands of Black people should have to subsist on reliefor charity or live in poor houses.
8. We want the government of the United States to exemptour people from ALL taxation as long as we are deprived ofequal justice under the laws of the land.
9. We want equal education–but separate schools up to 16for boys and 18 for girls on the condition that the girls besent to women’s colleges and universities. We want allBlack children educated, taught and trained by their ownteachers. Under such schooling system we believe we willmake a better nation of people. The United Statesgovernment should provide, free, all necessary text booksand equipment, schools and college buildings. The Muslimteachers shall be left free to teach and train their people inthe way of righteousness, decency and self respect.
10. We believe that intermarriage or race mixing should beprohibited. We want the religion of Islam taught withouthindrance or suppression.
Master W Fard Muhammad
What The Muslims Believe1. WE BELIEVE In the One God whose proper Name isAllah.
2. WE BELIEVE in the Holy Qur’an and in the Scriptures ofall the Prophets of God.
3. WE BELIEVE in the truth of the Bible, but we believethat it has been tampered with and must be reinterpretedso that mankind will not be snared by the falsehoods thathave been added to it.
4. WE BELIEVE in Allah’s Prophets and the Scriptures theybrought to the people.
5. WE BELIEVE in the the resurrection of the dead–not inphysical resurrection–but in mental resurrection. Webelieve that the so-called Negroes are most in need ofmental resurrection; therefore they will be resurrected first.Furthermore, we believe we are the people of God’schoice, as it has been written, that God would choose therejected and the despised. We can find no other personsfitting this description in these last days more that the so-called Negroes in America. We believe in the resurrection
of the righteous.
6. WE BELIEVE in the judgment; we believe this firstjudgment will take place as God revealed, in America…
7. WE BELIEVE this is the time in history for the separationof the so-called Negroes and the so-called whiteAmericans. We believe the Black man should be freed inname as well as in fact. By this we mean that he should befreed from the names imposed upon him by his formerslave masters. Names which identified him as being theslave master’s slave. We believe that if we are free indeed,we should go in our own people’s names–the Black peopleof the Earth.
8. WE BELIEVE in justice for all, whether in God or not; webelieve as others, that we are due equal justice as humanbeings. We believe in equality–as a nation–of equals. Wedo not believe that we are equal with our slave masters inthe status of “freed slaves.” We recognize and respectAmerican citizens as independent peoples and we respecttheir laws which govern this nation.
9. WE BELIEVE that the offer of integration is hypocriticaland is made by those who are trying to deceive the Blackpeoples into believing that their 400-year-old open enemiesof freedom, justice and equality are, all of a sudden, their“friends.” Furthermore, we believe that such deception isintended to prevent Black people from realizing that thetime in history has arrived for the separation from thewhites of this nation. If the white people are truthful abouttheir professed friendship toward the so-called Negro, theycan prove it by dividing up America with their slaves. We donot believe that America will ever be able to furnish enoughjobs for her own millions of unemployed, in addition to jobsfor the 20,000,000 black people as well.
10. WE BELIEVE that we who declare ourselves to berighteous Muslims, should not participate in wars whichtake the lives of humans. We do not believe this nationshould force us to take part in such wars, for we havenothing to gain from it unless America agrees to give us thenecessary territory wherein we may have something to fightfor.
11. WE BELIEVE our women should be respected andprotected as the women of other nationalities are respectedand protected.
12. WE BELIEVE that Allah (God) appeared in the Personof Master W Fard Muhammad, July, 1930; the long-awaited“Messiah” of the Christians and the “Mahdi” of the Muslims.We believe further and lastly that Allah is God and besidesHIM there is no god and He will bring about a universalgovernment of peace wherein we all can live in peacetogether. Source: http://www.noi.org
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