the southern english colonies - upstart€¦ · change to royal colonies south 1719 north 1729. ......
TRANSCRIPT
B Day
1.What would make you leave “home” to travel to a
“New World”?
2. If you were a settler, who or what would you take with
you (consider professions)?
3.How many people would you bring with you?
4.Where would you settle (geographic features)?
Standards
◦ SSUSH1 Compare and contrast the development of
English settlement and colonization during the 17th
century.b. Explain the development of the Southern Colonies, including but not
limited to reasons established, impact of location and place, relations with
American Indians, and economic development.
Objective
◦Students will be able to describe the English
settlement of the Southern colonies in order to
compare & contrast their development with
other regions along the eastern seaboard.
Southern Geography◦ Rich soil
◦ Long growing season
◦ Northern region- subsistence family farms
◦ Southern region- commercial farms
◦ Slave labor
◦ Increasingly violent relationship with American Indians
Jamestown (1607)
◦ Virginia Company
◦ Joint-stock company: a company run by a group of investors who share the
company’s profits and losses
◦ Granted royal charter by King James I –
gave company authority to settle and
govern a colony
◦ Ships and 100 men sent to
Chesapeake Bay
◦ Goal: Gold and other valuable
resources
◦ 1st permanent English settlement in
North America
Powhatan Confederacy
◦Chesapeake home to
about 14,000
Algonquin people
◦Powhatan Confederacy led by Chief Powhatan
◦ Maintained peaceful
coexistence at first
◦ Eager to form trading
alliance
Challenges of Jamestown
◦ Powhatan assistance and withdrawal
◦ Starving Time◦ Winter of 1609-10
◦ Over 400 colonists died
◦ James River- disease!
◦ John Smith
◦ “He that will not work will not eat.”
◦War against Powhatans◦ John Rolfe and Pocahontas
◦ Death of King Powhatan
Tobacco
◦ Introduced to England in 1580s
◦ “Merchantable commodity”
◦ John Rolfe’s role
◦ Required great deal of labor and land◦ Headright system: large plantations given
to wealthy colonists in return for transporting labor◦ Goal: Increase migration
◦ By 1622, 10,000+ colonists sent to Jamestown
◦Virginia in the mercantilist system
Virginia’s Labor Force
◦ Indentured servants contracted to serve for 4-7 years in return for passage to America
◦ In 1619, 20 slaves arrived in Virginia
House of Burgesses
◦Change to royal colony
◦House of Burgesses
(Established 1619)
◦ Elected representatives
◦ Authority over taxes and
finance
◦ Development of self-
government
Founding of Maryland
◦ Calverts◦ 1632 King Charles I granted 10 million
acres to Lord Baltimore
◦ Catholic supporters of Charles
◦ Proprietary colony: all land belonged to 1 person/ group of people
◦ Acts of Toleration- freedom to all Christians
◦ Tobacco colony
Carolina
◦ Originally a single proprietary colony
◦ Charles II and the Restoration
◦ Northern region: Tobacco
◦ Southern region: Rice and indigo
plantations
◦ Transportation hub for cash crops
◦ Officially divided 1712
◦ Change to royal colonies
◦ South 1719
◦ North 1729
Georgia
◦ Established 1732 (last English
colony in North America)
◦ 1. Defensive buffer between
valuable South Carolina plantations and Spanish Florida
◦ 2. Penal colony for debtors
◦ General James Oglethorpe
◦ Charter regulating land
holdings, etc.
◦ Greater autonomy by 1740s