the solar systemmssimpsonheritage.weebly.com/uploads/2/3/6/1/23611004/... · 2018-09-09 · the...
TRANSCRIPT
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The Solar System
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Birth
Approximately 5 billion years ago Cloud and dust was flattened and spun as the result of the explosion of a near by star The debris formed our sun Other debris formed the planets and satellites
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Made up of: - The sun - 8 Planets - Natural Satellites - Comets - Asteroids
Our Solar System
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The planets orbit the sun in an elliptical path The asteroid belt separates Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars (Inner Planets) from Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune (Outer Planets)
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The Inner Planets
Mercury Venus Earth Mars
Terrestrial Planets – Small, Dense and Made Mainly of Rock
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The Outer Planets
Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune
Gas Giants - Mostly gaseous (hydrogen and helium), cold, have rings, and located after asteroid belt
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Mercury Closest to sun. Shortest orbit No atmosphere Many craters produced by meteoriods Temperature: HOT on the side facing the sun and FREEZING on the side turned away from the sun.
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Venus Brightest & Hottest (can reach 477 oC) Thick atmosphere High levels of carbon dioxide (enormous green house effect) Rotates from East to West Known as the morning and evening star
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Earth
Supports life Mostly water (75%) Largest Terrestrial Planet 1 moon
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Mars Reddish color 2 moons Frozen water Atmosphere is 95% carbon dioxide Major volcano activity in the past May have had life in the past
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Jupiter Largest Planet Composed mostly of hydrogen 11 times the size of the earth Colourful bands (gaseous) Famous large red spot which is a storm 60 moons
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Saturn 2nd largest planet Many rings (rock and ice) Could float in water (less dense) Stormy bands of gases (very colorful) 31 moons
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Uranus Very cold Greenish-blue colour Made up of hydrogen, helium, and methane Thin rings (carbon based) Invisible to the naked eye Rotates on its side 27 moons
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Neptune
Blue colour Methane rich atmosphere Large storm spot called “Great Dark Spot” Clouds for layers 6 rings 13 moons
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Pluto, the Dwarf Planet
Pluto lost its planet classification in 2006 Smaller than the moon Composed of rock, ice and solidified gases
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Natural Satellites (Moons)
Is a celestial body that revolves around a planet Mercury and Venus do not have any Jupiter has the biggest moon (Ganymede)
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Comets Is a ball of snow, ice and rock Seen in a zone beyond Neptune’s orbit Has its own orbit around the sun When close to the sun the ice sublimates (solid to gas) Dust escapes the comet forming a tail which extents away from the sun A comet eventually loses its tail when there is no longer any ice left. Meteor showers occur when debris leftover from a comet enters the earths atmosphere
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Parts of a Comet
NUCLEUS
HEAD
The TAIL is approx. 10 million km The HEAD is approx. 100 000 km
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Sun Star Helium & Hydrogen gases Sunspots – cool spots caused by gas movement in the interior Solar flares – burst of light & ultraviolet rays into space (May cause Blackouts on Earth)
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Extremely high temperatures 5770 oC on the surface 15,000,000 oC at the center Mass is 333,000 times that of earth Is a large nuclear reactor Has used up half its energy reserves Will run out of energy in 5 billion years (it will expand and swallow the earth, then cool and die)
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VIDEO: Planets Explained http://www.videojug.com/film/the-planets-explained