The Skeleton

• Appendicular Skeleton• Shoulder hip• Elbow knee• Wrist ankle• Hand foot

• Axial Skeleton

• Skull• Spine• Ribs• Sternum

Types of bones

• Long bones= bones that are longer than they are wide

• Short bones=bones that are as long as they are wide

• Flat bones• Skull, ribs=protect the vital organs

• Irregular bones• vertebrae

Cartilage

• Flexible connective tissue

• Reduce friction at a joint

Joints

• Ball & Socket

• Pivot

• Ellipsoidal

• Hinge

Care of the skeletal system

• Exercise to increase bone density

• Calcium and phosphorus• Hard strong bones

Problems

• Poor nutrition

• Infection

• Sports

• Accidents

• Poor posture

• Osteoporosis

Fractures

• Simple (Closed)• No break in the skin

• Compound (Open)• Bone creates an opening in the skin

• Hairline• Incomplete no separation

• Transverse• Completely across the bone

Fractures (cont.)

• Comminuted• More than two pieces

• Oblique• Completely across the bone at an angle

• Greenstick• Breaking of a willow

Osteoporosis

• Brittle or easily fractured

• Women after menopause less estrogen• Loss of bone mass

Scoliosis

• Side to side curvature of the spine• Exercise

• Brace

• Surgery

Injury Related problems

• Strain• Stretch or tear of a muscle

• Sprain• Stretch or tear of a ligament

• Bruise• Tendonitis

• Inflammation of a tendon

• Hernia• Protrusion of an organ or tissue through a weak area of

the muscle