the skeletal system 2
DESCRIPTION
The Skeletal System 2. The Appendicular Skeleton. The Appendicular Skeleton. The Pectoral (Shoulder) Girdle. Composed of two bones These bones allow the upper limb to have exceptionally free movement. Bones of the Shoulder Girdle. Bones of the Shoulder Girdle. Bones of the Upper Limb. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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EDU2HBS Human Body Systems
The Skeletal System 2The Skeletal System 2
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The Appendicular SkeletonThe Appendicular Skeleton
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The Appendicular SkeletonThe Appendicular Skeleton
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The Pectoral (Shoulder) GirdleThe Pectoral (Shoulder) Girdle
Composed of two bones
These bones allow the upper limb to have exceptionally free movement
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Bones of the Shoulder GirdleBones of the Shoulder Girdle
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Bones of the Shoulder GirdleBones of the Shoulder Girdle
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Bones of the Upper LimbBones of the Upper Limb
The arm is formed by a single bone
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Bones of the Upper LimbBones of the Upper Limb
• The forearm has two bones
Figure 5.21c
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Bones of the Upper LimbBones of the Upper Limb
The hand
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Bones of the Pelvic GirdleBones of the Pelvic Girdle Hip bones Composed of three pair of fused bones
Protects several organs Reproductive organs, Urinary bladder, Part of the
large intestine
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The PelvisThe Pelvis
Figure 5.23a
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Gender Differences of the PelvisGender Differences of the Pelvis
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Bones of the Bones of the Lower LimbsLower Limbs
The thigh has one bone
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Bones of the Lower Bones of the Lower
LimbsLimbs
The leg has two bones
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Bones of the Lower LimbsBones of the Lower Limbs
The foot
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Arches of the FootArches of the Foot
Bones of the foot are arranged to form three strong arches
Figure 5.26
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JointsJoints Articulations of bones
Functions of joints
Ways joints are classified
Functionally
Structurally
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Structural Classification of JointsStructural Classification of Joints
Fibrous joints
Cartilaginous joints
Synovial joints
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Fibrous JointsFibrous Joints Bones united by fibrous tissue
Examples
Sutures
Syndesmoses
Example: distal end of tibia and fibula
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Cartilaginous JointsCartilaginous Joints
Slide 5.47
Examples
Pubic symphysis
Intervertebral joints
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Synovial JointsSynovial Joints
Synovial fluid is found in the joint cavity
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Features of Synovial JointsFeatures of Synovial Joints
Joint surfaces are enclosed by a fibrous articular capsule
Have a joint cavity filled with synovial fluid
Ligaments reinforce the joint
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Structures Associated with the Structures Associated with the Synovial JointSynovial Joint
Bursae – flattened fibrous sacs
Not actually part of the joint
Tendon sheath
Elongated bursa that wraps around a tendon
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The Synovial JointThe Synovial Joint
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Types of Synovial Joints Based on Types of Synovial Joints Based on ShapeShape
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Types of Synovial Joints Based on Types of Synovial Joints Based on ShapeShape
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Joint Type
Movement Examples Structure
Hinge
Pivot
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Joint Type Movement Examples Structure
Ball and socket
Saddle
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Joint Type Movement Examples Structure
Condyloid
Plane
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Inflammatory Conditions Inflammatory Conditions Associated with JointsAssociated with Joints
Bursitis – inflammation of a bursa usually caused by a blow or friction
Tendonitis – inflammation of tendon sheaths
Arthritis – inflammatory or degenerative diseases of joints
Over 100 different types