the selection procedure at an organization is supposed to be a highly important and sensitive...

8/2/2019 The Selection Procedure at an Organization is Supposed to Be a Highly Important and Sensitive Process

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Graphology is used extensively in Europe, particularly France where 90% of all recruiters turn to

handwriting analysis to place the most compatible and suitable person. And now, according to The Wall

Street Journal, Handwriting Analysis is being used by the big players in the US corporate world a trend

that can only grow as human resource managers have less and less time to assess the huge number ofapparently similar applicants for each position.

More than five thousand U.S. companies now employ staff or consult graphologists in their personnel

departments and use them on regular basis .The wall Street Journal reports that 80% of the corporations

in countries such as France, Israel, & Germany employ handwriting analysis in their employment

decisions.

Their functions include screening job applicants, evaluating candidates for their promotion and

relocation, executive developments, colleague compatibility studies, partnership arrangements, mergers

and acquisitions and outplacement in short, any area dealing with people.All types of businesses avail

themselves of handwriting analysis manufacturing firms, financial houses, service organizations,

marketing corporations, government agencies, and law enforcement bureaus.

Handwriting analysis also called graphology, is scientific .The pattern of characteristics potentials,

traits, talents, strengths, weaknesses, emotions, orientations, intellect, values, and physical well- being

that make up the complex human being are all encoded in handwriting every time pen is put to paper.

Handwriting is comprised of many diverse elements various strokes, such as I dots, hooks, t-bars, and

loops connected together to form letters, words, and sentences. When analyzed, these strokes can be

decoded to reveal any and all of the aspects of personality. While graphology does pinpoint behavioral

traits, it cant be used to deduce any information of a discriminatory nature, such as your age, sex, or

national origin. Even the writing of handicapped individuals, who may use their teeth or toes to

communicate, cant be discerned as such.

Handwriting analysis is a psychological tool, a scientific assessment method that shouldnt be confused

with any of the so-called occult art such as astrology. Graphology is not predictive; it is a means to

evaluate personality accurately as it exists in the present, not in the past or future.

Moreover graphology is a self -validating science. This means the credibility of the method can be

proven immediately by the feedback you get from the graphologist. Validation of handwriting analysis

has also come from the scientific community itself. Various comparisons have been made between

psychological tests and graphology with the same caliber of information revealed by both. In many


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cases, in fact, handwriting analysis proved to be more thorough and effective in assessing behavioral

patterns than slandered psychological tests.

An individual's physiological and psychological functions are depicted in a person's handwriting. The act

of writing contains spontaneous actions for the purpose of communicating ideas. The examination of a

written specimen is the legal basis for forensic identification of an individual. The consistency of script

features with their graphometric measurements is repeatable and reliable. Writing is expressive

behavior and communicates personality characteristics. The appearance of the written specimen and

the tactile sensation of the written performance are the communication vehicles. Writing is a learned

habit where the writer has refashioned basic forms. The look and feel of writing dictates our style of

writing rather than our formal training. Your writing is the result of your perception of your pen-stroke's

touch and visual images.

The act of handwriting uniquely fulfills the requirements for a projective personality test. The writer

records responses to testing stimuli by writing. The writer spontaneously constructs random parts

(strokes) to form known patterns (letters) into communicated ideas (words). Imposed organization to

these ideas (sentences) in a limited area (page) conveys a conscious creative purpose (message). The

physical data is recorded as a written specimen.

The conditions for a projective personality test are interpretative, constructive, cathartic, constitutive,

and creative according to Lawrence K. Frank's grouping of projective techniques. Interpretative is to

generate meaningless patterns. The writing equivalent of drawing strokes. Constructive is to place

known parts into patterns. Linking letters to construct words is part of writing. Cathartic is to project and

release emotions. The writing performance is an emotional release. Constitutive is to impose

organization upon chaotic material. Maintaining sentence structure, filling in spaces with capitals andperiods, keeping a written baseline, starting and finishing lines imposes structural organization. Creative

is to generate a coherent message. The purpose of writing is to create a coherent message for the

reader. The act of writing satisfies the test conditions for graphically depicting personality.

The act of writing contains human physiological and neural pathway requirements for extremely

complex functions. The tactile manipulation of the writing instrument while composing a creative

message involves a myriad of brain activities. Writing combines and uses elements of speaking, reading,

composing, and eye-hand coordination. It is difficult to perform other tasks while writing such as

exercising, holding a conversation, and operating a computer. The series execution of writing contains

advanced prioritized planning and parallel cognition. Dynamically integrating perception, motion, and

cognition is an involved task requiring your full attention. Writing is projecting a personality description.

A particular graphic stroke-structure relates to a specific behavior or underlying disposition. The test

process is the systematic observation of graphic signs or written indicators. Behavior, defined here as

the observable compendium of traits, is measured while the subject is unaware of the test. The subject

cannot significantly alter the test procedure or the findings. A graphic indicator is an expressive


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movement that is the connecting link to personality. The graphic indicator is a visible sign or symbol of

an invisible behavioral attribute. Mathematical, engineering, and scientific principles can be applied to

the graphic symbols to understand an individual. A pattern of behavior is determined from these graphic

gestures and their inter-relationships.

In forensics, the routinely examined written specimen is used to identify a particular writer. Oriental

ideograms are considered picture or symbolic writing and do not apply. When you are writing your hand

and fingers are moving faster than you can consciously control them, but they are under control when

you draw or paint. The majority of graphometric measurements are stable from test to retest and

consistent with time. Another individual cannot duplicate a persons writing rhythm. An individual's pen-

strokes, their construction and their speed, are impossible to replicate without detection.

What makes handwriting analysis work is that handwriting is essentially brain writing . The pen ismerely a tool, directed through the movement of your arm by impulses that originate in the cerebral

cortex. The message is sent via the nervous system to your arm , hand , and even toe muscles , which

motivate the pen to produce the symbols we call writing.

The process is often likened to the action of a seismograph, which picks up signals of earth movement

and records them on the graph. Earthquakes can be detected and evaluated in this way. Handwriting

records your personality as it is projected through the writing implement.

This has a significant implication since personalities are unique, so are handwritings. No two, like

fingerprints, are exactly the same. However, your handwriting can change to reflect your current

personality and outlook on life. Yet the singularity of penmanship is always retained. On the surface,

handwriting styles may appear to be the same, especially among family members. Generally, in such

cases, the superficial resemblance is due to a commonality of traits, which are often reinforced in a

family or communal structure. Conscious or unconscious attempts to emulate style can always cause a

similarity in scripts. The significant differences of personality, however, will always be revealed by a

detailed handwriting analysis.

Various human traits can be determined through graphology by analyzing a handwriting sample. There

is a set criteria on the basis of which the research is done. By seeing certain strokes and using other

different techniques many hidden personality traits can be easily determined. Along with the basic

strokes like: slant, size, pressure, baselines, zones etc, various other techniques are also used.


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Few traits and the method of determining them is explained below:

ANALYTICAL ABILITY:

Analytical ability is high in the people who have V formations in ms and ns, and medium size writing.

DYNAMISM:

people who have rightward slant, long, sweeping and heavy T-bars are very dynamic.

RESILIENCE:

resilience is present when the individual has upwards slope formations, sweeping T- bars and light

pressure.

PRECISION:

people who have retraced lower p loops have precision trait.

ENTHUSIASM:

enthusiasm trait includes rightward slant and long, sweeping T bars.

PATIENCE:

the person who is patient has self control i.e., umbrella like T bars, tapering ms and ns, clear wide es

and long finals of lower loops.

RESPONSIBILITY:

people who have large loops in their Is and js are said to possess responsibility in their behavior.


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CONCENTRATION:

small well formed writing with well placed i dots and t bars comprises good concentration ability.

METHODICAL THINKER:

persons having round ms and ns and clear writing are considered to be methodical thinkers.

ORGANISATIONAL ABILITY:

balanced and well -formed loops of letter f comprise good organizational ability.

EXTROVERT:

people having writing with rightward slant, with open as,& es and large upper loops are considered to

be extroverts.

SELF-CONFIDENCE:

it includes large capital letters, and high t-bars.

DETERMINATION:

this trait includes long, straight downstrokes of the letters like, g, y, p.

INITIATIVE:

people having breakaway finals in their writing are supposed to have initiative taking ability.

PERSISTENCE:

It includes tie stroke formations in letters like, k, t, a, g, y etc.

DETAIL-MINDED:


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people who are detail minded have their i-dots and t- bars in place and well formed writing.

LOYALTY:

loyalty trait includes round, well- formed i- dots.

OPTIMISM:

people having ascending baseline, upward slant of words, letters or lines are considered as optimistic.

BROAD-MINDED:

it includes open and

well formed as, es, and os.

DIGNITY:

this trait includes retraced ts and ds stems.

DIPLOMACY:

it includes tapering at ends of words, especially ms and ns.

ACQUISITIVE:

this trait is present in a person if initial hooks are present in words. Initial hooks mean hooks present in

the beginning of the words.

EMPATHETIC:

to be empathetic means emotional responsiveness, which is considered to be present if the writing has

rightward slant.


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SELF-STARTER:

a person is termed as self-starter if certain strokes are present in the writing, like: high T bars,

breakaway finals i.e., initiative taking ability and determination trait i.e., long straight lower loops.

PERSUASIVE:

for being persuasive one has to have open circle letters like, as, os etc and should be persistent i.e.,

have tie strokes in writing.

CONTROL OF IMPULSE:

by way of graphology it is considered that a person has control of impulse if he has convex T-bars.

POISE:

a person is considered to be poised if he has vertical/backward slant, long ending strokes of words and

convex T- bars.

ACQUISITIVE:

initial hooks found at the start of a word, are a mark of of acquisitiveness i.e., the desire of acquiringsomething, which may be monetary or otherwisefor example, the acquisition of knowledge or friends.

FAIR:

a person is considered to be fair according to graphology if he has poise, broadmindedness i.e., open

and well formed as, es, and os, and no signs of deceit in his/her handwriting.

AGREEABLE:

the agreeable individual is yielding i.e., has soft strokes in his handwriting and there is a lack of

irritability i.e., lack of slashed i dots.

SINCERITY:


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according to graphology and its underlying principles, a person is considered to be sincere if he has

round, well formed i dots an does not have double loops in circle letters like os and as.

DILIGENT:

by way of graphology, a diligent person has persistence i.e., tie strokes and the ability to pay attention

to details which is shown in the writing if the I dots and t bars are well placed.

Hence, the above mentioned are few of the traits that can be easily determined through the

graphological analysis of a handwriting sample. Even a more comprehensive picture of the person

concerned can be developed by the detailed study.

Not only positive traits can be determined through graphology, but certain potentially negative traits

can be found out, which could otherwise prove detrimental. It is always better if one knows beforehand

the harmful side of the person concerned, so that one is able to save himself from the negative

consequences.

Dishonesty is probably the best researched area in graphology. Studies conducted throughout Europe,

South America, Israel, and the Soviet Union have produced ample data correlating a variety of traits with

different types of dishonesty.

There are few signs of dishonesty:

There are few potentially negative traits or dishonest traits which can be determined with the help of

graphological principles.


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The traits are:

DECEIT:

according to graphology, a person who has double loops in his writing, and there is no trait present to

counter it, then the person is considered to be deceitful.

STUBBORNNESS:

a person is considered to be stubborn if the t bars are tent like.

ARROGANCE:

this trait includes vanity i.e., long t and d stems, backward slant and dominating personality i.e., t bar

that slants down to the right of the stem of the t.

HYSTERIA:

if the person concerned has extreme right slant, then the person is said to be prone to hysteria i.e., he is

not able to control his emotions.

PROCRASTINATION:

this trait means delaying a work to the fullest and it is denoted by t-bars on the left side only.

TEMPER:

if proper controls are not present in the writing, and t-bars are made only on the right side, then theperson is supposed to possess immense wrath or temper.

SARCASM:

if the t -bars are knife like, then it means the person is sarcastic.


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ULTRACONSERVATIVE:

according to graphology, compressed letter -forms denote an ultraconservative nature.

UNREALISTIC IMAGINATION:

this trait can prove to be highly negative if proper controls are not present in the writing. This trait is

denoted by exaggerated lower loops in the writing.

JEALOUSY:

as known by everyone this trait is really negative and can prove detrimental to one-self as well as

others. This trait is supposed to be present in a person, if the person concerned has small initial loops in

letter formations.

EVASIVENESS:

this trait means that the person tends to shun or avoid the situation rather than face it. If the circle

letters of the writing have hooks.i.e., in letters like d, a, o, then the person is said to possess evasive

trait.

FELONS CLAW:

the felonsclaw means subconscious guilt, bitterness, and bad instincts. The felons claw maker is

someone who will pretend to have the best interests at heart. He will seem to be the nicest person on

earth. No one would suspect this person of having an evil bone in his body. But then he is setting up only

to stab in the back; he will end up clawing. This is the most frightening because one does not know the

knife is coming.

GRAPHOLOGY AS AN EFFECTIVE TOOL IN SELECTION

For many years the possibility of using handwriting in management has been discussed. Mnsterberg

back in 1913 wrote:


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" A correlation, for instance, which the commercial world often presupposes, may exist between

individual traits and the hand-writing. Graphologists are convinced that a certain loop or flourish, or the

steepness or the length of the letters, or the position of the i dot, is a definite indication that the writer

possesses certain qualities of personality; and if just these qualities are essential requirements for theposition, the impression of the handwriting in a letter may be taken as a sufficient basis for

appointment. The scientist has reason to look upon this particular case of graphological correlation with

distrust. Yet even he may acknowledge that certain correlations exist between the neatness,

carefulness, uniformity, energy, and similar features of the letter, and the general carefulness,

steadiness, neatness, and energy of the personality."

During the 1970s the business community found out what many individuals had known right along

that handwriting analysis is a very effective process . So graphology , long used in Europe , emerged as

one of the most important and essential personality assessment methods available to American

industry.

As of this writing , more than five thousand U.S. companies now employ staff or consult graphologists in

their personnel departments and use them on regular basis .The wall Street Journal reports that 80% of

the corporations in countries such as France , Israel , & Germany employ handwriting analysis in their

employment decisions .

Their functions include screening job applicants , evaluating candidates for their promotion and

relocation, executive developments , colleague compatibility studies , partnership arrangements ,

mergers and acquisitions and outplacement in short , any area dealing with people.

All types of businesses avail themselves of handwriting analysis manufacturing firms , financial houses

, service organizations , marketing corporations , government agencies , and law enforcement bureaus.

The implication of all this is that whether youre doing the hiring or being hired , handwriting analysis is

more than likely to touch you in your career especially as more companies awaken to its benefits.


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Lie detectors or polygraphs are a thing of the past; federal law has restricted the use of them for

employee screening since the 80s. The best alternative is Handwriting Analysis or Graphology. More and

more big businesses use Handwriting Analysis to screen applicants and potential business partners.

Loss Prevention is key in business today

Graphology is used extensively in Europe, particularly France where 90% of all recruiters turn to

handwriting analysis to place the most compatible and suitable person. And now, according to The Wall

Street Journal, Handwriting Analysis is being used by the big players in the US corporate world a trend

that can only grow as human resource managers have less and less time to assess the huge number of

apparently similar applicants for each position.

The most important factor to any company's success is it's ability to hire the right people. The right

people are not necessarily the most educated, the most experienced, the best looking, etc. They are

individuals whose personalities and interests match those of the company's needs.

According to business experts, 95% of a company's success is hiring correctly. The end result of a hiring

error results in employee turnover, which directly costs companies anywhere from $2,000 to replace a

clerical position to $75,000 for a typical manager. And these are direct costs. The amount of indirect

costs related to a mistake in the hiring process can be monumental.

There are a number of ways that companies typically screen prospective employees. Notice everything

that employers rely upon in this chart is subjective based either on the interviewers' "impressions" or

the applicants' "opinions" of themselves. Only handwriting analysis evaluates an applicant free of bias: it

profiles the complete applicant (without their input!).

HIRING TOOLS AVAILABLE AND THEIR DRAWBACKS

There are various tools and techniques that are used in the selection procedure in any organization. The

most famous being the interview, which is extensively used while selecting prospective employees by

the employers. Various other tools are also used like psychological tests etc. No doubt these tools are

effective and have been in constant use. But there are few drawbacks associated with them.

When used separately, each of these tools yields only a portion of information necessary to your

decision. In combination, employers may find out important information about applicants. However,

unless each process is carried out in such a way to totally eliminate bias on the part of the employer and


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the applicant, then it is impossible to ascertain the single most important factor in hiring correctly . . .

that is the personality traits of the applicant.

In the following points, light is thrown on the drawbacks of the various tools of selection.

SELF -REPORTS AND QUESTIONNAIRES

ust their reactions to questions.

heir co-operation, honesty, and self-awareness.

BACKGROUND CHECKS

(maybe applicants first employment or new to the industry)

INTERVIEWING

s interviewer, discrimination inevitable.

POLYGRAPH


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CONSUMER CREDIT CHECKS

-job related.

RESUMES

re, quality is not reflective of applicant.

FINGERPRINTING

ention do not prosecute criminals.

SKILL CHECK

USES OF GRAPHOLOGY IN BUSINESS

There are countless uses of graphology in business. The three most important areas are:


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HIRING

Immense information can be given about the person through his handwriting sample. This information

about the person can be used to determine the right person for the right job, answering such questions

as:

?

working with small details over long periods of time?

The data overwhelmingly support graphologys usefulness on the front end; it saves dollars for

everybody. You can tell more about an applicant in a few minutes of looking at his handwriting than you

can after administering a psychology test, running a credit check, giving a medical examination, giving a

battery of aptitude tests, and interviewing him for an hour in person.

FIRING

People are fired from their jobs for many reasons, including incompetence, frequent tardiness,

insubordination, lack of productivity, and difficulty in getting along with others. Where a graphologist is

often instrumental in pointing out the guilty party when a crime has been committed within the

company. This often leads to the firing of the bad guy.

This use of graphology overlaps the area of criminology, or investigative work, in several instances.

Many companies sustain substantial losses due to employee theft. Actually, employee theft is one of the

leading reasons for companies going out of business. The U.S. Department of Commerce estimates that

in 1988 $182 billion was lost by U.S. businesses due to crimes committed by their employees. Nearly

$100 billion is spent annually on security measures designed to prevent these internal crimes.

Obviously, the thieves are being hired in first place ( the companies didnt use graphology to start!), so

the problem is that someone in the department is stealing, or embezzling, or coming in late at night and

emptying out the warehouse. whos doing it?


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A skilled graphologist can take statements written by the suspects and know when theyre lying, when

theyre feeling stressed or anxious. Very often, without costly investigation, a quick screening of the

suspects handwriting will alert the investigators to the probable suspects in the case. The investigators

can then narrow their focus and zero in on the people most likely to have perpetrated the crime.

ESTABLISHING WHO WORKS WELL WITH WHOM

An important job of the manager is to get subordinates to work as an effective team. Graphology can

provide insights into workers character, helping managers to bring together compatible people or to

understand and alleviate conflicts.

ESTABLISHING WHO SHOULD BE PROMOTED

Graphology is also useful when promotions are at hand. Suppose you know that a certain employee is

good where he is, but now you want to promote him to an area where you dont know if hell

necessarily be as skilled. Lets say he was taking orders where he is now working so efficiently, and you

want to move him up to manage a department of fifty people. Is he as good a leader as he is a follower?

These types of questions can be answered by a graphological screening.

STAFF SELECTION & RECRUITMENT:

Handwriting analysis gives you a cost-effective, short cut to getting to know a prospective employee

and obtaining information not likely to be disclosed on application forms or an interview. Used alongside

other selection procedures, handwriting analysis can help you select and place the right people in the

most appropriate positions.

When you use handwriting analysis you:

al

features such as these cannot be assessed from handwriting)


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cteristics such as procrastination and indecisiveness.

workplace.

personal skills

and achieve job satisfaction.

WHY GRAPHOLOGY SHOULD BE USED AS SELECTION TOOL

OBJECTIVE

-report (doesnt require honesty/self awareness)

ation (doesnt reveal age, race, gender, religion, appearance)

JOB RELATED

-reports.

-reports)

VALID AND RELIABLE


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tudies in journals.

ng in the U.S.

INEXPENSIVE

- (self-improvement, career guidance, hiring, negotiations, compatibility, team-building,

investigation)

DIFFICULT TO TRICK

sychological test.

owing up for a Job interview.

CREATES RAPPORT

With others.

members of key staff can be provided to improve Happiness.

Creative way to evaluate / understand people.

EASY/FAST


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-depth.

HOW MANY COMPANIES USE GRAPHOLOGY?

A 1991 study shows selection methods used in the UK. The data are from a survey of 173 organisations

of different sizes in both public and private sectors.

Graphology was used by one per cent of these employers (IRS 1991). A 1993 article shows selection

methods in six countries. The percentages for graphology are France = 52, NL = 24, UK=3, Israel=2,

Norway=2. (Robertson and Makin 1993). A survey of 1419 undergraduates in the UK asked what was

required in job searches. 18% underwent psycwwwtric/personality assessments, 11% attended an

assessment centre, 4% provided handwriting for analysis. This was a representative sample of final year

students at 49 British Universities in July 1994. (The Guardian 1995: pg22). This suggests that over 3500

analyses are made a year on graduates in the UK.

A 1995 survey by the University of Berne (Personnel Studies Dept.) and the Swiss Personnel

Management Society gave results from 843 Swiss company human resources managers (3000

members). 68% of these specialists in Switzerland claim to use graphology as a selection tool. ( see

Thom N & Zaugg R 1995). The European Union (199 describes the use of graphology for recruitment in

member countries. France: used in up to 50% of companies and by 80% of consultants. Belgium:

common in pre-selection or to back up impressions. Portugal: sometimes used. Italy: may be used.

Denmark: rarely used.

The Employment Agency H W Group says that graphology is used by 6pc of large and medium-sized

companies in the UK. (Daily Telegraph Appointments 29/4/99 Pg. A1). The Chartered Institute of

Personnel and Development began an annual series of recruitment surveys in 1997. The sample is

representative of establishments across the UK economy, but excludes any with below 50 employees.

The telephone questionnaire is with the "most senior person responsible for recruitment in the

organisation".

Graphology use in 1999 was 1.1 per cent; in 2000 it was 1.9 per cent and in 2001 it was 1.9 per cent.

HOW MANY COMPANIES BENEFIT FROM GRAPHOLOGY


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turnover of employees in 90 days!)

will make

them suitable or not suitable for the position

lems such as suicidal tendencies, drug dependence

-stabbing, stealing

is compatible with the rest of the office team

rsonality of the applicant.

RESEARCH

A 16-year study by psychologist Herb Greenberg asked the question, "What is the most important

factor in job success?" After gathering data from more than 7,000 companies and 350,000 employees,

the study determined that, "Personality is the single most important factor in job success - not

education, not experience, not age, gender, race." Other reports have revealed that, "Employers hire for

job skills, and fire for personality faults."

While each of the traditional methods described above has specific strengths, none can provide an

employer with accurate, timely and revealing information about an applicant's personality . . .

information that may never be learned, or at the very least, information that would take a great deal of

time and money to acquire.

Rajat Joshi Senior Member - Member Since: Oct 2007

Subject - Re: GRAPHOLOGY- An Effective Tool of Human Resources

Hi Huma,

Thanks for sharing this information and fully endorse this method as one of the selection tools - as i

have been using it for the last one year.


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It has a high success rate in terms of assessing the candidate's traits & personality which of course

which needs to be validated during the interview process.

A must tool or rather "skill set" for all the HR professionals if not get the experts to assist you.

Thanks,

Rajat Joshi

~ Fauzia ~ Contributing Member - Member Since: Oct 2006


HI HUMA,

I AM ALSO INTO USING GRAPHOLOGY & AM VERY FOND OF IT.

I WOULD LIKE YOU TO SHARE SOME MORE ARTICLES & INFO ON THIS TOPIC.

BYE

FAUZIA

Mukta22 - Member Since: Jul 2009


hello, thnx a lot for this information, i am a BBA student, & a graphologist (although not yet certified), &

i am given a topic "Graphology & Physiognomy as tools for HRM" for presentation.....

ur article will really help me a lot, thank you........

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CJyoti Contributing Member - Member Since: Oct 2008


HI,

can anyone help me in graphologist links or courses ...

Jyoti

the selection procedure at an organization is supposed to be a highly important and sensitive...

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