the securitization of migration in austria paul ploberger tihany, 09.05.2015
TRANSCRIPT
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The Securitization of Migration in AustriaPaul Ploberger
Tihany, 09.05.2015
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Overview
What happened?
What is „security“?
What is „securitization“?
What is wrong with „securitization“?
What does that mean for migration?
What to take away from this talk
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What happened?
Recruitment of „guest workers“ throughout the 1960ies
Seen as necessary for economic growth
Migration as part of labor market politics
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What happened?
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What happened?
Oil crisis in 1974
Organized crime as new topic
90ies: threat to
Austrian identity
Welfare system
Economic development
Shift in migration patterns (S-N -> E-W)
Rise of Austrian Freedom Party
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What happened?
Jörg Haider († 2008)
Rightwing populist party
In government from 2000 to
2006
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What happened?
Shift in institutional setting
Fremdenkriminalität („crime committed by foreigners“)
Connection: migrants – security of Austrian population
Expansion of „security“ limitation of migration and asylum
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What is „security“?
(Military) survival of nation-state
Broadening of concept after Cold War
„Enemies“ „threats“ and „risks“
Nation-state individuals
„Widening and deepening“ of security
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What is „security“?
Security is
Not clear-cut but ambiguous and contested
Not a material good but a social construct
There is no security issue per se
An issue has to be made a security issue
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What is „securitization“?
Non-politicized politicized securitize
d
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What is „securitization“?
Discoursive concept
Security located in language
Securitization is a Speech Act with a certain modality and logic:
Existential threat
Substantial consequences
Need to react right away
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What’s wrong with “securitization”?
Indicates threat and immediate reaction
One solution as adequate
Limits dialog and opportunities for other solutions
Potentially undemocratic
Might undermine rights and liberties
Transparency and accountability?
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What does this mean for migration?
Migrants/migration as possible threat legitimizes drastic measures
Limits to possibilities of migration
worsening of situation of migrants
„regular“ migration versus „irregular“ migration
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What to take away from this talk
Security is highly ambiguous and controversial
A security issue has to be made
Question security issues!
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Thank you!