The Scientific RevolutionThe Scientific Revolution

1550-18001550-1800

The ListThe List ScientistsScientists

PtolemyPtolemy CopernicusCopernicus BraheBrahe KeplerKepler GalileoGalileo NewtonNewton GalenGalen Andreas VesaliusAndreas Vesalius William HarveyWilliam Harvey Robert BoyleRobert Boyle Antoine LavoisierAntoine Lavoisier Margaret CavendishMargaret Cavendish Maria WinkelmannMaria Winkelmann

PhilosophersPhilosophers Rene DescartesRene Descartes Francis BaconFrancis Bacon

EconomistsEconomists Adam SmithAdam Smith

Political TheoristsPolitical Theorists Thomas HobbesThomas Hobbes John LockeJohn Locke MontesquieuMontesquieu VoltaireVoltaire DiderotDiderot RousseauRousseau

CultureCulture Mary WollstonecraftMary Wollstonecraft Madame GeoffrinMadame Geoffrin John WesleyJohn Wesley BachBach HandelHandel HaydnHaydn MozartMozart Henry FieldingHenry Fielding

Legal StrategistsLegal Strategists Cesare BeccariaCesare Beccaria

TermsTerms

GeocentricityGeocentricity HeliocentricityHeliocentricity EllipsesEllipses GravityGravity AnatomyAnatomy Circulatory SystemCirculatory System ChemistryChemistry ElementsElements PhilosophyPhilosophy Scientific MethodScientific Method

EnlightenmentEnlightenment Social ContractSocial Contract Natural RightsNatural Rights Separation of PowersSeparation of Powers Checks and BalancesChecks and Balances FreedomFreedom Laissez-Faire EconomicsLaissez-Faire Economics Capital PunishmentCapital Punishment SocialismSocialism MethodismMethodism

AstronomicalAstronomical

PtolemyPtolemy Greek AstronomerGreek Astronomer

Developed the Ptolemaic System Developed the Ptolemaic System

Earth is the center of the universeEarth is the center of the universe

(Geocentric view)(Geocentric view)

Was he correct…?Was he correct…?

Nicolaus Copernicus Nicolaus Copernicus

Polish astronomer and Polish astronomer and mathematicianmathematician

Copernican viewCopernican view

Sun is the center of the universeSun is the center of the universe

(Heliocentric View)(Heliocentric View)

Was he correct…?Was he correct…?

Tyco BraheTyco Brahe Danish AstronomerDanish Astronomer

Mapped the movement of stars for Mapped the movement of stars for over 20 yearsover 20 years

Johannes KeplerJohannes Kepler

• Assisted Tycho BraheAssisted Tycho Brahe

•Inherited Brahe’s charts Inherited Brahe’s charts after Brahe’s deathafter Brahe’s death

• Using Brahe’s data, Kepler Using Brahe’s data, Kepler argued that planets moved argued that planets moved in elliptical orbitsin elliptical orbits

Galileo GalileiGalileo Galilei

ItalianItalian Astronomer/ Astronomer/

MathematicianMathematician See pg. 296See pg. 296 Built the world's 1st Built the world's 1st

telescopetelescope Began to prove the Began to prove the

ideas of Copernicusideas of Copernicus HeliocentricityHeliocentricity

Isaac NewtonIsaac Newton PrincipiaPrincipia

Newton's First Law (also known as Newton's First Law (also known as the Law of Inertia) states that an the Law of Inertia) states that an object at rest tends to stay at rest object at rest tends to stay at rest until acted upon by a net external until acted upon by a net external force. force.

Newton's Second Law states that the Newton's Second Law states that the acceleration of an object is directly acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the magnitude of the proportional to the magnitude of the net force acting on the object and net force acting on the object and inversely proportional to its mass. inversely proportional to its mass.

Newton's Third Law states that for Newton's Third Law states that for every action there is an equal and every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. opposite reaction.

Explains gravityExplains gravity

Medical AdvancementsMedical Advancements

GalenGalen

Ancient GreeceAncient Greece

Medical Physician Medical Physician

Encouraged dissectionEncouraged dissection

Dissect animals to learn Dissect animals to learn about human anatomyabout human anatomy

AnatomyAnatomy

Andreas VesaliusAndreas Vesalius BelgiumBelgium

Medical PhysicianMedical Physician

On the Fabric of the Human On the Fabric of the Human BodyBody

More accurate depiction of More accurate depiction of human anatomyhuman anatomy

Actually dissected humansActually dissected humans

AnatomyAnatomy

William HarveyWilliam Harvey

PhysicianPhysician On the Motion of the On the Motion of the

Heart and BloodHeart and Blood The heart pumps the The heart pumps the

blood through the blood through the body, not the liverbody, not the liver

Chemistry, Chemistry, not Alchemy Alchemy

New science focused on rational thought

vs.

prior thoughts by the Catholic Church.

Robert BoyleRobert Boyle EnglandEngland

ChemistryChemistry

The Skeptical ChymistThe Skeptical Chymist

Conducted Controlled Conducted Controlled ExperimentsExperiments

Boyle's Law

ChemistryChemistry

Antoine LavoisierAntoine Lavoisier

ChemistryChemistry

Father of Modern ChemistryFather of Modern Chemistry

Named 33 elements Named 33 elements Ex #1…OxygenEx #1…Oxygen Ex #2…HydrogenEx #2…Hydrogen

Established the Metric SystemEstablished the Metric System

ChemistryChemistry

Margaret CavendishMargaret Cavendish

Great BritainGreat Britain

ScienceScience

Observations Upon Experimental PhilosophyObservations Upon Experimental Philosophy

Humans have no power over natureHumans have no power over nature

Women’s Rights/ FeminismWomen’s Rights/ Feminism

Maria WinkelmannMaria Winkelmann

Germany Germany

Science/AstronomyScience/Astronomy

Discovered a cometDiscovered a comet

Women’s Rights/ Women’s Rights/ FeminismFeminism

New PhilosophyNew Philosophy

Rene DescartesRene Descartes France France

PhilosophyPhilosophy

Discourse on MethodDiscourse on Method

"I think therefore I am“"I think therefore I am“

Search for "Truth"Search for "Truth"

RationalismRationalism

Sir Francis BaconSir Francis Bacon

Great Britain Great Britain

PhilosophyPhilosophy

Observation and Observation and ideas based on ideas based on thorough investigation thorough investigation of the evidenceof the evidence

Scientific MethodScientific Method

The Scientific Method Song:

State the problem

Make a prediction

Experiment, Experiment

Record Observations, Record Observations

Form a conclusion, Form a conclusion *Sung to the tune of Fere Jacques

Name Name

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