the rural patrimony subject to socio-economic changes in tara hategului-retezat, romania
DESCRIPTION
The Rural Patrimony Subject to Socio-Economic Changes in Tara Hategului-Retezat, Romania. P.I. Otiman, V. Florian, E. Rosu Institute of Agricultural Economics, Bucharest, Romania. Ţara Haţegului-Retezat area. Short description. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
The Rural Patrimony Subject to Socio-Economic Changes
in Tara Hategului-Retezat, Romania
P.I. Otiman, V. Florian, E. Rosu
Institute of Agricultural Economics,
Bucharest, Romania
Ţara Haţegului-Retezat area
Area: 155 194 ha (47% agricultural area: arable -10%, pastures and hayfields – 36.4%)
Population: 26 409 inhabitants
Rich forestry, sylvicultural and cynegetic resources
Large hydrographic network used for hydro-power purposes
Well-developed road infrastructure
The rural area from Ţara Haţegului - Retezat is one of the most endowed natural geographic and socio-economic areas from the Meridional Carpathians, having a wide and rich range of natural, historical, architectural, socio-cultural, spiritual and economic resources
Short description
Content
• The demoeconomic patrimony• The cultural patrimony• The ecological patrimony• The social patrimony
• Proposed strategies
The demoeconomic patrimony (1)
• Tara Hategului-Retezat is a complex of settlements: - regrouping a number of 84 villages that are included
in 11 rural communes (the average number of villages/commune -7.6).
• Tara Hategului-Retezat is a rural system:– big share of rural population (79.0% in 2009 in a
slow descending trend compared with the year 1990 when de share of rural population was 86.9%) .
• The spatial lack of demografic equilibrium: – the values of the density evolved under reduced
limits, from 18.5 inhabitants/km2 in 2002 to 17.9 inhabitants/km2 in 2008
– ageing trend (+65/<15 years = 1.66/1 much over the rural average in Romania = 1.09/1 in 2009)
Density of economic operators/1000 inhabitants in Tara Hategului-Retezat increased : year 2004 = 5.09 economic operators/1000 inhabitants year 2008 = 8.94 economic operators /1000 inhabitants
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Agriculture
Sylviculture
Industry total
agrifood industry
timber processing
Constructions
Services total
whole sale trade
retail trade
transport and storage
accommodation facilities
restaurant/bar
Other enterprises
Total
2008/2004 (%)
Figure 1. Dynamics of the number of enterprises inŢara Haţegului by activity sectors - 2008/2004 -
Source: processing of data from the multi-annual databases with registered economic operators www.listafirme.ro
Figure 2. Dynamics of the number of enterprises inŢara Haţegului by activity sectors - 2008/2004 – (%)
0
50
100
150
200
250
nu
mar
firm
e
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
evolutia numarului firmelor 2004-2008
alteintreprinderi
Serviciitotal
Constructii
Idustrietotal
Silvicultura
Agricultura
The demoeconomic patrimony (2)
The demoeconomic patrimony (3)
• Placing the investment capital in Tara Hategului is quite profitable Average profit/active enterprise= 5000 euro per year in the period 2004-2008
Average profit of enterprises inŢara Haţegului by main activity sectors 2004 - 2008
Source: processing of data from the multi-annual databases with registered economic operators www.listafirme.ro
The demoeconomic patrimony (4)
- Employment rate of the population at working age = 41.1%
- In Tara Hategului, the labour market has a relative stability in time → increased opportunities to maintain the rural households’ independence of agriculture
Dynamics of the total number of employees in the active enterprises from Ţara Haţegului 2004-2008
Source: processing of data from the multi-annual databases with registered economic operators www.listafirme.ro
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008600
700
800
900
1000
1100
no.
of e
mpl
oyee
s
Tara Hategului-Retezat is a reach area in historical sites:
- Colony Ulpia Traiana Augusta Dacica Sarmizegetusa
- Colţ citadel and church
- Church „Sfântul Nicolae” from Densuş
- Church and monastery Prislop
- Church „Holy Virgin” from Sântămărie Orlea
- Fortified chapel and yard from Sălaş
- Kendeffy castle
- Local traditional architecture
The cultural patrimony
The ecological patrimony (1)
Natural protected areas
– National Park Retezat: • biosphere reserve, with a total area of 38138 ha• member of PAN Parks Foundation since 2007• protected as a site proposal for the European ecologic network Natura 2000
• Gemenele Scientific Reservation
– with an area of 1630 ha, located in the central area of the National Park Retezat
– Natural Park Grădiştea Muncelului-Cioclovina:
– with an area of 38184 ha, proposed as site for NATURA 2000 Network
– The Hateg Country Dinosaurs Geopark:
– with an area of 102 392 ha, is included in the European Geopark Network
The ecological patrimony (2)
• Significant non-renewable natural resources:
– bauxite, quartz sands, sands and gravel (in the river beds of all communes)
• Significant renewable natural resources: air, water, soil, wild flora and fauna:
- Non-polluted air
- The surface waters and the ground waters have acceptable quality limits
- Regularized water courses, hence low flood risk
- Fertile soils, unaffected by major pollution phenomena
- Large areas covered by forests, with significant role in the ecologic equilibrium:– forestland 60167 ha, accounting for 40.6% of the total area from Ţara Haţegului - Retezat
– forest vegetation non-affected by major pollution problems
• Diverse natural landscape
The social patrimony
• Functional emergence structures• Adaptive dynamic rural systems• The adapting strategies were fundamented
empirically on a natural and economic potentiality promoting the endogeneous opportunities with a social visibility.
Proposed strategies
• Sustainable rural development by economic and social modernization: – the modernization of the economic activities in the context of
environmental preservation. The resources - material, human, social - are exploited under the conditions of respecting of a set of limits-barriers in order not to provoke the deterioration of the natural habitat.
• Inovative alternative development: – in which priority is given to the respecting of the environment by local
development, the rural tourism modernization, entrepreneurial development.
Thank you for your attention !
in the name of P.I. Otiman: [email protected]
V. Florian: [email protected]
E. Rosu: [email protected]