the romantic period 1798-1832. romantic period during this time period mary shelley published...
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The Romantic Period
The Romantic Period
1798-18321798-1832
Romantic PeriodRomantic Period
During this time period Mary Shelley published Frankenstein
(Published in 1818)
During this time period Mary Shelley published Frankenstein
(Published in 1818)QuickTime™ and a
decompressorare needed to see this picture.
Romantic PeriodRomantic Period
You may be wondering:What does the word
“ ROMANTIC ” mean in the context of this period?
You may be wondering:What does the word
“ ROMANTIC ” mean in the context of this period?
Romantic PeriodRomantic Period
The word “romantic’” comes from the term “ROMANCE,” and romance was one of the most popular genres of medieval literature.
The word “romantic’” comes from the term “ROMANCE,” and romance was one of the most popular genres of medieval literature.
Romantic PeriodRomantic Period
Medieval Connection: Romantic writers self-consciously
used the elements of romance in an attempt to go back beyond the refinements of neoclassical literature to older types of writing that they saw as more “genuine”
Medieval Connection: Romantic writers self-consciously
used the elements of romance in an attempt to go back beyond the refinements of neoclassical literature to older types of writing that they saw as more “genuine”
Romantic PeriodRomantic Period The romance genre allowed writers
to explore new, more PSYCHOLOGICAL AND MYSTERIOUS aspects of human experience.
The romance genre allowed writers to explore new, more PSYCHOLOGICAL AND MYSTERIOUS aspects of human experience.
Romantic PeriodRomantic Period The writers of the Romantic period lived in
England during a time of SOCIAL UPHEAVAL.
The INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION in England changed the way people lived, where people lived, and how business was done.
(England changed from an agricultural society to an industrial nation w/ almost everyone living in the city)
The writers of the Romantic period lived in England during a time of SOCIAL UPHEAVAL.
The INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION in England changed the way people lived, where people lived, and how business was done.
(England changed from an agricultural society to an industrial nation w/ almost everyone living in the city)
Romantic PeriodRomantic Period Writers before this time period tended to rely on
SCIENCE and REASON to base their writings on…(This period was called Restoration, Englightenment or “Age of Reason”)
Writers soon after this time period, such as the Victorian era, wrote to AFFECT CHANGE in society.
Writers before this time period tended to rely on
SCIENCE and REASON to base their writings on…(This period was called Restoration, Englightenment or “Age of Reason”)
Writers soon after this time period, such as the Victorian era, wrote to AFFECT CHANGE in society.
Romantic PeriodRomantic Period In contrast, the Romantic writers
focused on PERSONAL EXPERIENCE and IMAGINATION in their work. (This change in thinking was thought to be NEEDED b/c of all the political, economic, and social changes taking place…remember… INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION)
Thus, they were not as concerned with “REASON”… Imagination was superior!
In contrast, the Romantic writers focused on PERSONAL EXPERIENCE and IMAGINATION in their work. (This change in thinking was thought to be NEEDED b/c of all the political, economic, and social changes taking place…remember… INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION)
Thus, they were not as concerned with “REASON”… Imagination was superior!
Characteristics of Romanticism
Characteristics of Romanticism
The predominance of imagination over reason and formal rules
Primitivism Love of nature An interest in the past Mysticism
The predominance of imagination over reason and formal rules
Primitivism Love of nature An interest in the past Mysticism
Individualism Idealization of rural life Enthusiasm for the wild,
irregular, or grotesque in nature
Enthusiasm for the uncivilized or “natural”
Individualism Idealization of rural life Enthusiasm for the wild,
irregular, or grotesque in nature
Enthusiasm for the uncivilized or “natural”
Interest in human rights Sentimentality Melancholy Interest in the gothic
Interest in human rights Sentimentality Melancholy Interest in the gothic
Romantic PeriodRomantic Period Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein calls
into QUESTION THE AIMS and METHODS OF SCIENCE…we’ll explore this more while we study the novel…..Muah Ha HA HAAA
Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein calls into QUESTION THE AIMS and METHODS OF SCIENCE…we’ll explore this more while we study the novel…..Muah Ha HA HAAA
Romantic PeriodRomantic Period Romantic literature that included
the elements of mystery, horror, and the supernatural is known as GOTHIC
Frankenstein is a Gothic Novel
Romantic literature that included the elements of mystery, horror, and the supernatural is known as GOTHIC
Frankenstein is a Gothic Novel
Gothic ContextGothic Context The gothic was first used as
Medieval architectural term to describe a style of building that included gargoyles, scenes from Hell, and souls in torment
The gothic was first used as Medieval architectural term to describe a style of building that included gargoyles, scenes from Hell, and souls in torment
Gothic LiteratureGothic Literature
The characters’ INNER EMOTIONAL LIVES receive a lot of attention.
The characters’ INNER EMOTIONAL LIVES receive a lot of attention.
Gothic Plot ElementsGothic Plot Elements
Ancestral CurseThe current generation suffers for the evil deeds of ancestors
Example: Poe's "The Fall of the House of Usher"
Ancestral CurseThe current generation suffers for the evil deeds of ancestors
Example: Poe's "The Fall of the House of Usher"
Body-snatching Stealing corpses from graves, tombs,
or morgues Illicit trade in cadavers Violation of religious space Commercially motivated by science Example: King's Pet Semetery
Body-snatching Stealing corpses from graves, tombs,
or morgues Illicit trade in cadavers Violation of religious space Commercially motivated by science Example: King's Pet Semetery
Dreaming/Nightmares Dredge up strong emotions: ecstasy,
terror, joy Reveal urges, impulses, desires, even
truths about oneself that one tries to hide
Reveal the future; premonitions Example: Freddy Krueger
Dreaming/Nightmares Dredge up strong emotions: ecstasy,
terror, joy Reveal urges, impulses, desires, even
truths about oneself that one tries to hide
Reveal the future; premonitions Example: Freddy Krueger
Signs/OmensSigns/Omens
Reveal the intention of cosmic forces
Often represent psychological or spiritual conflict
Reveal the intention of cosmic forces
Often represent psychological or spiritual conflict
Entrapment/Imprisonment (often physical but sometimes psychological) Being confined or trapped, shackled
to a floor or hidden away in a dark cell
Heightens the psychology of feeling there is "no way out"
Example Saw movies
Entrapment/Imprisonment (often physical but sometimes psychological) Being confined or trapped, shackled
to a floor or hidden away in a dark cell
Heightens the psychology of feeling there is "no way out"
Example Saw movies
Setting and "gadgets" Physical elements allowing supernatural
to display uncanny presence and abilities
"Supernatural props": vocal and mobile portraits, animated statues and skeletons, doors (portals) which open and close independently, secret passageways, secret messages & manuscripts, forbidden/sealed chambers, etc
Setting and "gadgets" Physical elements allowing supernatural
to display uncanny presence and abilities
"Supernatural props": vocal and mobile portraits, animated statues and skeletons, doors (portals) which open and close independently, secret passageways, secret messages & manuscripts, forbidden/sealed chambers, etc
Gothic Counterfeit Playful fakery of authenticity The text is presented as a discovery
or recovery by the editor, sometimes of an ancient or forgotten text
Cloaks the real writer's authorship Complicates the point of view (makes
things fun and intriguing)
Gothic Counterfeit Playful fakery of authenticity The text is presented as a discovery
or recovery by the editor, sometimes of an ancient or forgotten text
Cloaks the real writer's authorship Complicates the point of view (makes
things fun and intriguing)
The Grotesque Mutations, deformities A mix of two separate modes, such as
comedy and tragedy, creating a disturbing fiction, in which comic circumstances often preclude horrific tragedy or vice-versa.
Example: The Hunchback of Notre Dame
The Grotesque Mutations, deformities A mix of two separate modes, such as
comedy and tragedy, creating a disturbing fiction, in which comic circumstances often preclude horrific tragedy or vice-versa.
Example: The Hunchback of Notre Dame
Mystery An event or situation that appears to
overwhelm understanding Example: Sherlock Holmes' mysteries,
elements of The Picture of Dorian Gray and Frankenstein
Mystery An event or situation that appears to
overwhelm understanding Example: Sherlock Holmes' mysteries,
elements of The Picture of Dorian Gray and Frankenstein
Necromancy The dark art of communicating with
the dead Examples: Ouija boards, "Bloody
Mary", séances Also may involve journies to Hell:
Odysseus, Dante, among others
Necromancy The dark art of communicating with
the dead Examples: Ouija boards, "Bloody
Mary", séances Also may involve journies to Hell:
Odysseus, Dante, among others
Revenge Examples: Poe's "The Cask of
Amontillado" or Inigo Montoya in The Princess Bride
Somnambulism (sleepwalking) Hidden sources of stress may be
revealed or acts of guilt replayed Superstition
Considered a belief in the supernatural or mystical and valuing ritual or miracles
Revenge Examples: Poe's "The Cask of
Amontillado" or Inigo Montoya in The Princess Bride
Somnambulism (sleepwalking) Hidden sources of stress may be
revealed or acts of guilt replayed Superstition
Considered a belief in the supernatural or mystical and valuing ritual or miracles
Supernatural Events or phenomena that defy the
rules of natural law More often (and intriguingly) could be
explained or dismissed by the laws of everyday reality (however ambiguously)
Supernatural Events or phenomena that defy the
rules of natural law More often (and intriguingly) could be
explained or dismissed by the laws of everyday reality (however ambiguously)
Transformation A striking change in appearance; a
change in form or function of an organism by a natural or unnatural process
Example: Stevenson's Mr. Hyde, King's It, Count Dracula
Transformation A striking change in appearance; a
change in form or function of an organism by a natural or unnatural process
Example: Stevenson's Mr. Hyde, King's It, Count Dracula
Gothic CharactersGothic Characters
Devil spirit of incarnate evil Ranges from:
tragic villain-hero punisher of sinners tempter and deceiver pure evil
Devil spirit of incarnate evil Ranges from:
tragic villain-hero punisher of sinners tempter and deceiver pure evil
Doppelganger German: doublegoer Ghostly counterpart of another
person Body double, alter ego, identical other
person Example:Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde
Doppelganger German: doublegoer Ghostly counterpart of another
person Body double, alter ego, identical other
person Example:Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde
Assorted monsters (supernaturally malignant beings)
The Pursued Protagonist a force relentlessly, terminally and
unavoidably pursues, persecutes or chastises another for a real or imagined wrong
Crime and retribution cycle Hero-villain can be both pursued and
pursuer
Assorted monsters (supernaturally malignant beings)
The Pursued Protagonist a force relentlessly, terminally and
unavoidably pursues, persecutes or chastises another for a real or imagined wrong
Crime and retribution cycle Hero-villain can be both pursued and
pursuer
Unreliable narrator Narrator's ability to accurately relate
events is suspect Narrator makes incorrect assumptions
or conclusions, or misunderstands situations or other characters
Example: Poe's "Tell-Tale Heart"
Unreliable narrator Narrator's ability to accurately relate
events is suspect Narrator makes incorrect assumptions
or conclusions, or misunderstands situations or other characters
Example: Poe's "Tell-Tale Heart"
Villain Hero The villain poses as a hero at the
beginning of the story or... The villain possesses enough heroic
qualities to be seen as more than just a bad guy.
Example: Dexter
Villain Hero The villain poses as a hero at the
beginning of the story or... The villain possesses enough heroic
qualities to be seen as more than just a bad guy.
Example: Dexter
The Pursued Heroine A virtuous, idealistic and usually
poetic young woman is pursued by wicked older, potent aristocrat
The pursuit threatens the young lady's morals and ideals (and often her virginity)
She usually responds with passive courage
Modified: Twilight series
The Pursued Heroine A virtuous, idealistic and usually
poetic young woman is pursued by wicked older, potent aristocrat
The pursuit threatens the young lady's morals and ideals (and often her virginity)
She usually responds with passive courage
Modified: Twilight series
Revenant the return of the dead upon the living a ghostly being who returns to life
Revenant the return of the dead upon the living a ghostly being who returns to life
SettingsSettings
Cemetery Haunted house, castle, estate Presence of mist/fog
Cemetery Haunted house, castle, estate Presence of mist/fog
Often the protagonist is searching for Forbidden Knowledge or Power/ Faust
Motif Attempts to turn himself into a god-
figure This usually causes the protagonist
to become a "Fallen Man "
Often the protagonist is searching for Forbidden Knowledge or Power/ Faust
Motif Attempts to turn himself into a god-
figure This usually causes the protagonist
to become a "Fallen Man "
Other components
That’s all folks…That’s all folks…
THE ENDAny Questions?
THE ENDAny Questions?