the roman republic: people indo-european people during 1500-1000 bce latins lived in latium...
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The Roman Republic Early Rome ( BCE) was under control of 7 kings; 2 of last 3 were Etruscan 509 BCE fall of early Rome. Romans overthrew Etruscan king to establish a republic Republic – citizens have a right to vote and not led by a kingTRANSCRIPT
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The Roman Republic: People• Indo-European people
during 1500-1000 BCE• Latins lived in Latium
(herders/farmers)• Greeks and Etruscans
settled around 800 BCE• Age of Greek Colonization
(750-550 BCE) settled in Sicily and southern Italy
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People (cont’d)• Establishment of Rome came from Etruscans
• Rome – small village transformed by Etruscan building program
• Brought with them influence of Toga as official dress
• Etruscan army influenced Roman army
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The Roman Republic• Early Rome (753-509 BCE) was under control
of 7 kings; 2 of last 3 were Etruscan
• 509 BCE fall of early Rome. Romans overthrew Etruscan king to establish a republic
• Republic – citizens have a right to vote and not led by a king
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The Roman Republic• Rome at war for almost 200 years
• 338-288 BCE Rome crushes Latin states and those in the Apennine region
• Conquered southern and mostly all of Italy by 264 BCE
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The Roman Republic: Government
• Roman Confederation – Roman rule over Italy allowing full Roman citizenship to conquered people.
• Allowed remaining communities the freedom to run their own affairs
• Had to provide Rome with soldiers
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Government (Cont’d.)• Divided into 2 orders
• The Patricians – landowners, ruling class
• The Plebeians – less wealthy landowners, craftspeople, merchants, small farmers
• Men in both were voting citizens but only Patricians could hold office
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Government (Cont’d.)• The consuls and praetors – chief executive
officerso Consuls – 2 elected each year; one to run
government, one to lead militaryo Praetors – enforces Roman Republic civil law
• Roman Senate – select group of 300 patricians; served for life
• Senate started out as advisors, grew to have great influential strength of the law
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Government (Cont’d.)• Centuriate Assembly – additional assembly that
elected chief officials and passed laws
• Organized by classes based on wealth
• Who had the majority?
• Council of the Plebs – assembly for Plebeians established as a solution to social structure struggle
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Government (Cont’d.)• Often conflict between Patricians and Plebeians
• Children of groups could not intermarry
• Plebeians sought political and social equality
• Eventually Tribune of Plebs developed to protect rights and “equalities” of Plebeians
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Government: Roman Law• 12 Tables – Rome’s first code of Laws;
eventually replaced and updated
• Law of Nations – seen by Romans as natural law based on reason and established standards of Justice
• Still in effect in today’s legal systems