The Roman EmpireThe Roman EmpireCh. 15Ch. 15

You are a Roman Senator, can You are a Roman Senator, can you save the Republic?you save the Republic?

Ruler Julius Caesar has just recently been assassinated by certain members of the Roman

Senate. What should be done? Who should be the new dictator? Should there be a new one?

I. Rule of AugustusI. Rule of Augustus First Emperor of RomeFirst Emperor of Rome

Caesar assassinated Caesar assassinated Octavian, Marc Antony, Marcus Lepidus ruleOctavian, Marc Antony, Marcus Lepidus rule Civil War between Octavian and AntonyCivil War between Octavian and Antony Octavian winsOctavian wins

Senate makes Octavian emperor. Republic no Senate makes Octavian emperor. Republic no moremore

Kept the senate and assembly. Why?Kept the senate and assembly. Why?

ReformsReforms Soldiers swear allegiance to himSoldiers swear allegiance to him Government jobs of talentGovernment jobs of talent Census takenCensus taken Police force Police force Library Library Expanded citizenshipExpanded citizenship

Military reformsMilitary reforms Number of legions reduced from 60 to 28Number of legions reduced from 60 to 28 Sent legions to far parts of the empire. Why?Sent legions to far parts of the empire. Why?

Romes Natural BoundariesRomes Natural Boundaries Sahara in the southSahara in the south Atlantic to the westAtlantic to the west Rhine and Danube to the eastRhine and Danube to the east

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. — That

to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, — That

whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their

Safety and Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes;

and accordingly all experience hath shewn that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable than to right themselves

by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their

right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security. — Such has been the patient

sufferance of these Colonies; and such is now the necessity which constrains them to alter their former Systems of Government. The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated

injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute Tyranny over these States. To prove this, let Facts be

submitted to a candid world.

II.II. Pax RomanaPax Romana27BC-----------------------27BC-----------------------

180AD180AD Trade flourishedTrade flourished Law was Law was

standardized and standardized and everyone equaleveryone equal

Borders expanded Borders expanded and securedand secured

Roads were builtRoads were built

Christianity Christianity beginsbegins

Greek slaves Greek slaves brought to Romebrought to Rome

Order and good Order and good governmentgovernment

Government: Law: Engineering:

1.Rome became an empire ruled by an emperor.  2.Full-time workers were hired to carry out the emperor's polices.  3.Government in the provinces improved.

1.One set of laws governed the empire  2.The system of laws included all branches of public/private law that exist today  3. Lawyers interpreted the laws.

1. The system of roads greatly improved.  2.Aqueducts brought water from the mountains to Roman cities.

Language: Literature: Religion:

1. The Roman alphabet became the basis for the western world alphabet.  2. Latin, the Roman language, became the basis for French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese and Romanians.

1. Virgil, Rome's greatest poet, wrote the Aeneid, a fictional account of the founding of Rome  3.Tactitus and Livy wrote historical accounts of Rome.

1. Followers of a Jewish holy man named Jesus founded a new religion called  Christianity.  2.Christianity  spread throughout the Roman Empire 

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Making of Roman RoadsMaking of Roman Roads

Roman AqueductRoman Aqueduct

AmphitheaterAmphitheater

HerculaneumHerculaneum

HerculaneumHerculaneum

Roman ArenaRoman Arena

Roman streetRoman street

Roman ColloseumRoman Colloseum

Arena Arena

PantheonPantheon

Roman BathhouseRoman Bathhouse

III. Daily Life in the EmpireIII. Daily Life in the Empire LeisureLeisure

Circus- Chariot RacingCircus- Chariot Racing Theater- Gladiatorial fightsTheater- Gladiatorial fights Theater- PlaysTheater- Plays Bath housesBath houses

HomesHomes Domus-Town home owned by rich. Centered Domus-Town home owned by rich. Centered

around atriumaround atrium Insulae- Apartments with business’ at bottomInsulae- Apartments with business’ at bottom Villas- country estatesVillas- country estates

SocietySociety Male dominated societyMale dominated society Women had few rightsWomen had few rights ChildrenChildren

7-11 primary school7-11 primary school 12-15 secondary school12-15 secondary school 15-18 school of rhetoric15-18 school of rhetoric

FoodFood Plebians- bread, cheese, perhaps meat, Plebians- bread, cheese, perhaps meat,

winewine Patricians- all kinds of exotic foodsPatricians- all kinds of exotic foods

80’s80’s

FashionFashion MenMen

Tunics and TogasTunics and Togas WomenWomen

Tunics covered by a stolaTunics covered by a stola Dyed their hair red and black and wore make upDyed their hair red and black and wore make up

IV. Fall of the EmpireIV. Fall of the Empire Political reasons? Story of NeroPolitical reasons? Story of Nero

No fixed successor to the throneNo fixed successor to the throne 100 years, 37 different emperors100 years, 37 different emperors

Empire split in twoEmpire split in two Social reasons?Social reasons?

Decline in morals and valuesDecline in morals and values Gladiatorial competitionsGladiatorial competitions

Public health problems/PlaguesPublic health problems/Plagues Lead pipesLead pipes

Urban decayUrban decay High crime and many homelessHigh crime and many homeless

EconomicEconomic Unemployment/slaveryUnemployment/slavery Military spendingMilitary spending InflationInflation Money spent on the poorMoney spent on the poor

Christianity?Christianity? Barbarian Invasions?Barbarian Invasions? Does this sound similar to problems Does this sound similar to problems

in America today? Explainin America today? Explain

Barbarian InvadersBarbarian Invaders