the role of local leaders in promoting small scale tourism: comparative analyses of homestays on...
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THE ROLE OF LOCAL LEADERS IN PROMOTING SMALL SCALE TOURISM:
COMPARATIVE ANALYSES OF HOMESTAY PATAU PATAU 2 AND HOMESTAY BUKIT KUDA, WILAYAH PERSEKUTUAN LABUAN, MALAYSIA
PREPARED BY:AZMAN MAT ISA, SUN JIE, PHAM VAN KIM NGOC, VIDTHAYANON SALYAVET,
FATMAWATI LATADA, ROZITA MOHD HUSAIN & MOHAMED ISHAK ADUL HAMID
FACILLITATOR : DR.COLLONIUS ATANG
2CONTENT
INTRODUCTION COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS HOMESTAY ISSUES ROLE OF LOCAL LEADERS SUGGESTIONS CONCLUSION
3INTRODUCTION
Tourism can be a tool for sustainable economic development, poverty reduction and heritage conservation
11
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
SEASONAL CALENDAR Public Holiday
School HolidayFestive SeasonUniversity Session – Student IntakeInternational Event
Sea Challenge Labuan Art Festival
Harvest Festival
Borneo Art Festival
Federal Public Holiday
of Bukit Kuda
Ramadan
12
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
SEASONAL CALENDAR Public Event
Festive EventWeddingReligious Activity
Traditional Water Sport
Independence DayBack to School
of Patau Patau 2
Ramadan
Food Traditional Festival
13HISTORICAL TIMELINE of Bukit Kuda
Started
1938
Introduced3 houses
2008
HomestayCertification
Released
2009
17 Homestay available
2016
14
Started
1800
Moved to Patau I
1881
Road & Wood Bridge
1980
Storm6 houses damaged
1990
Fire4 houses damaged
2010
Concrete Bridge128 houses
Avg. 5 household each
2016
HISTORICAL TIMELINE of Patau Patau 2
16COMPARATIVEANALYSIS Bukit Kuda VS Patau Patau 2
Number of Homestay
7 HS / 3 active17 HS / almost active
17COMPARATIVEANALYSIS Bukit Kuda VS Patau Patau 2
Origin of main tourist
International touristsLocal tourists
18COMPARATIVEANALYSIS Bukit Kuda VS Patau Patau 2Income
Range : 1.5k – 5k RM/month
Public sector 35%
Private sector 30%
Self employ 35%
Range : 3k – 50k RM/month
Public sector 5%
Private sector 20%
Self employ 75%
19
2 2 Agriculture
Training by HS Cooperation
COMPARATIVEANALYSIS Bukit Kuda VS Patau Patau 2
Projects
3 Infrastructure
Aquaculture
20Operational Issues
Lack of feedback and demand from tourists and Homestay operators (PT PT2 & BK)
Lack of “buy-in” from the community (PT PT2)Lack of engagement in culture and nature
(PT PT2) Insufficient attraction to maintain the tourism
(BK)
21Lack of feedback and demand from tourists
and Homestay operators (PT PT2 & BK)
Tourist demandTarget market
Blank Feedback form Insufficient statistic data of tourists’
demand
22Lack of “buy-in” from the community (PT PT2)
Minor income from HomestayConflict between marketing and reality
Inactive operationNo commitment
23Lack of engagement in culture and nature (PT PT2)
Few of activities: Fish netting, Crab trapping, Boat rowing
Natural resource Annual event Heritage
conservation
24Insufficient attraction to maintain the tourism (BK)
Interesting and diverse activities: fishing, fruit picking, jungle tracking, bird watching, traditional dance, or visiting popular spots
Local visitors onlyMarketing strategyNetworking
27ROLE OF LOCAL LEADERS
Issues observed in homestay tourism - Three layers of leadership – bureaucracy and unclear jurisdiction - No local champion - Dependency trap - Lack of esteem and confidence
28ROLE OF LOCAL LEADERS - Mechanism of Management System
Ministry of Tourism and
Culture
Homestay Cooperation
Homestay Provider
Homestay Provider
Homestay Provider
Three layers
bureaucracy and unclear jurisdiction
User Experience
29ROLE OF LOCAL LEADERS - Lack of Local Champion
Status quo: • Part-time management• No strong commitment• Facilitator as a key role• Lack of systematic
leadership• Limited skills and capacity
Expectation: • Commitment to management• Strong passion to challenge the
status quo• Leader with influence• Leader with vision, planning,
innovation and good communication
Gap
30ROLE OF LOCAL LEADERS - Dependency trap
Dependency Trap
Local Capacit
y
Fear in reflecting
true problems
Hand-holding
by governm
ent / donors
31ROLE OF LOCAL LEADERS - Lack of esteem and confidence
Lack of capacity and communication skills Affect the satisfaction of the user experience, making visitors (esp.
international visitors) feel not confident in the service Hinder the recommendation from the visitors to other potential clients
32ROLE OF LOCAL LEADERS - Local leadership and sustainability
Vision Action plan Capacity Building
Leadership
Sustainability
33SUGGESTIONS
OPERATIONAL ISSUES1. LACK OF FEEDBACK & DEMAND
FROM TOURISTS AND HS OPERATORS2. LACK OF ‘BUY-IN’ FROM THE
COMMUNITY3. LACK OF ENGAGEMENT IN CULTURE
AND NATURE4. INSUFFICIENT ATTRACTIONS
SUGGESTIONS1. DEVELOP INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR HS –
PROFILING & PERFORMANCE MONITORING2. PLAN & DESIGN QUALITY PRODUCTS3. INTEGRATED APPROACH, SYMBIOTIC
RELATIONSHIP – HS PROVIDERS, FISHING, BOAT TOUR OPERATOR, CULTURE - VALUE FOR MONEY PACKAGE
4. INCREASING DEPTH & BREADTH OF ATTRACTIONS
34SUGGESTIONS
LEADERSHIP ISSUES1. TOO MANY LAYERS OF LEADERSHIP2. NO LOCAL CHAMPION3. DEPENDENCY TRAP4. LACK OF SELF ESTEEM &
CONFIDENCE
SUGGESTIONS1. DEVELOP A DATABASE TO STORE
INFORMATION ABOUT HS – 2. BETTER MANAGEMENT OF HS3. COMMUNITY DRIVEN & SMART-
PARTNERSHIP4. TRAINING
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• Unique location• Surrounding
resources• Strategic
partnerships• Outsider as initiator
• Local champion• Community-based
organisation• Research and
tourism inventory• Concern for welfare
of CBT members• Systematic
management
INTERNAL FACTORS EXTERNAL FACTORS
CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS
36CRUCIAL ROLE OF LOCAL CHAMPIONDURING FORMATIVE YEARS
• Natural born leader
• Ability to galvanise and transform
Good Communicator
Sensible
Proactive
Courageous
Innovative Disciplined
Resourceful
Patient
Visionary
Trustworthy
38CONCLUSION
COMMUNITY BASED TOURISM
Tourism that emphasizes the empowerment of local communities, and their participation in the decision-making
process related to the management of tourism.