the road to war for the us in ww ii. good neighbor policy fdr promised to be a good neighbor to...
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The Road to Warfor the US in WW II
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Good neighbor policy
• FDR promised to be a good neighbor to Latin America and not intervene
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Neutrality Acts
• The US Congress was worried about German and Italian aggression
• They passed the neutrality acts, making it illegal for Americans to sell arms to any country at war
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Isolationism vs. Interventionism• American First Committee opposed
getting the US involved in “Europe’s war”
• FDR and other internationalists believed the US needed to support Britain and France against NAZI aggression.
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Selective Service Act
• FDR supported the Selective Service Act which called for increasing the size of the military.
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Lend-Lease Act
• FDR supported the Lend-Lease Act which called for lending Britain weapons and ships, without cash payment.
• FDR used the example of a neighbor’s house buring down. You don’t ask them to pay for the hose or water.
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Atlantic Charter
• 1941 FDR met with Winston Churchill.
• The two leaders agreed to a postwar world of democracy, free trade, and freedom of the seas.
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League Condemns Japan
• Early in the 1930’s the League of Nation condemned the Japanese invasion of Manchuria (northern China)
• The US joined the criticism of Japan, but no action was taken
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US boycotts Japan
• In reaction to the Japanese invasion of mainland China, the US stopped sending scrap iron, and steel to Japan.
• This economic pressure was designed to slow the Japanese war machine, who imported 80% of their oil from the US.
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US sends aid to China
• In 1941 FDR sent lend-lease aid to China, who were fighting the Japanese invaders.
• As Japan sent troops to take Indochina, FDR froze Japanese assets in the US and stopped all oil shipments to Japan.
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Japan attacks Pearl Harbor
• The Japanese military leaders wanted to destroy the US’s navy because it was the only military force that could stop the Japanese empire in Asia.
• Secretly the Japanese sent six aircraft carriers and several battleships to attack the US navy in Hawaii.
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Lack of US preparation
• The US had intercepted secret messages from the Japanese indicating an attack.
• US military leaders doubted that the Japanese would travel all the way to Hawaii to attack.
• A radar operator spotted planes coming to the island but his superiors believed they were US planes.
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Death and Damage
• The Japanese sank or damaged 21 ships in the US fleet
• 188 US planes were destroyed.
• 2,403 Americans were killed.
• 1.178 Americans were injured
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FDR Responds
• The day after the Pearl Harbor attack, FDR said, “December 7, 1941 - a date that will live in infamy…”
• He called for the Congress to declare war on Japan for the attack.
• The Congress voted for war against Japan and its ally Germany.
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Why did Japan bomb the US?
• Japan wanted to control Asia
• The US was the only military that could stop them
• The majority of the US fleet was at Pearl Harbor
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Why wasn’t the US prepared?
• The US thought hawaii was too far for the Japanese to attack
• The US had radar, but the operators thought they saw US planes
• The radar operator memo didn’t get to Naval headquarter soon enough.
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FDR’s Response
• He called the attack “A day that will live in infamy.”
• He asked Congress to declare war on Japan.
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How many died?
• 2,403 people died
• 1178 were wounded
• 21 ships sunk or damaged