Great Britain’s Future Problems

Differing Belief System

Colonists vs. England

Causes of Pontiac’s Rebellion

• Violation of previous treaties

• Settlers encroaching on land

• British treatment different

the French

Pontiac’s Rebellion

• Neolin, Delaware prophet – “They are our enemies, our brother’s enemies”

• Pontiac (Ottowa Chief), “we must unite and exterminate from our land those who wish to destroy us”

• Loss of Indian morale, French aid, ammunition short supply – siege ended

Proclamation Act of 1763

Purpose: As a way to prevent future conflict between British and Native Americans

Points:1. Barred settlement west of Appla. Mts.

2. Fur-traders must gain permission Reactions:- Resentment by Land-Hungry settlers- Complete ignoring of the law

New Leaders in Great Britain

Sugar Act – Prime Minister Grenville

• Duty on foreign sugar, molasses

• Paying taxes was nothing new

- This act actually lowered the existing duty

• Smuggling cases sent to Britain – British crown heard the case– no trial by jury of peers

Sugar Act (cont.)

• Lowered business for merchants, ship builders

• Parliament response: “Pay part of the costs for securing the frontier”

Non-Importation Agreement: colonists agreed to boycott British goods in protest

Stamp Act

• Passed by Parliament in Great Britain “No Representation”• All printed matter• Sons of Liberty

– Protest (peaceful and violent)

– Public meetings– Boston members

Stamp Act Congress- Delegates of 9 colonies- Unified resistance

“Parliament has no right to tax us” – only colonial legislatures

Sons of Liberty

Virginia Resolves“Caesar had his brutus,Charles the First his CromwellAnd George the Third….”

Tar and Feathering

Other ActsQuartering Act 1765-66 Declaratory Act 1766

-William Pitt returns-Colonists overjoyed

Townshend Acts 1767-Glass, tea, paint, paper, tea-General writs of assistance – violation of privacy-Tax things imported to the colonies, not produced within the colonies

New Prime Minister in BritainChanges?

• Lord North– Repealed parts of Townshend Act– Allowed Quartering Act to expire– New law: Salaries of Governors and Judges

paid by Great BritainAfraid that Governors, Judges would be in the

“pocket of Great Britain”

Committees of Correspondence were created!

The Boston Massacre The Boston Massacre ((March 5,1770March 5,1770))

Tea Act Tea Act (1773)(1773)8 British East India Co.:British East India Co.:

§ Monopoly on Br. tea Monopoly on Br. tea imports.imports.

§ Many members of Many members of Parl. held shares.Parl. held shares.

§ Permitted the Co. to Permitted the Co. to sell tea directly to sell tea directly to cols. without col. cols. without col. middlemen middlemen (cheaper tea!)(cheaper tea!)

8 Lord North expected the Lord North expected the cols. to eagerly choose cols. to eagerly choose the cheaper tea.the cheaper tea.

Boston Tea Party Boston Tea Party (1773)(1773)

What were the differing views held by colonists to this event?

The Coercive or IntolerableThe Coercive or IntolerableActs Acts (1774)(1774)

Lord NorthLord North

1.1. Port Bill Port Bill

2.2. Government Government ActAct

4.4.New Quartering New Quartering ActAct

Unified colonists Unified colonists more than ever – more than ever – “threat to colonial “threat to colonial liberty”liberty”

3.3.Administration of Administration of Justice ActJustice Act

The Quebec Act The Quebec Act (1774)(1774)

First Continental Congress First Continental Congress (1774)(1774)

56 delegates from 12 colonies – 56 delegates from 12 colonies – Convention – no lawmaking authorityConvention – no lawmaking authority

AgendaAgenda: How to : How to respond to the respond to the Coercive Acts Coercive Acts and Quebec and Quebec Acts?Acts?

Agenda

September 5 to October 26, 1774

Final Resolves:– Expressed loyalty to Great Britain– Continue to boycott English goods– Right to legislate themselves– Meet again in 1775 if their demands are not

met

Last Attempts…Last Attempts…

March 23, 1775

- 1775, William Pitt pleaded toParliament to treat the colonists likeTrue sons, not “bastard children”-Edmund Burke (House of Commons)– pleaded for Conciliation“Great Empires and little minds go Ill together”- Parliament refused to listen!!!

The British Are The British Are Coming Coming . . .. . .

Paul ReverePaul Revere, , William DawesWilliam Dawes & & Samuel Samuel PrescottPrescott make their rides to warn the make their rides to warn the

MinutemenMinutemen of approaching British of approaching British soldiers.soldiers.

The Shot Heard The Shot Heard ’’Round the Round the WorldWorld!!

LexingtonLexington & & ConcordConcord – April 19,1775 – April 19,1775

Captain Jonas (John) Parker – “Don’t fire unless fired Captain Jonas (John) Parker – “Don’t fire unless fired upon, but if they mean to have war, let it begin upon, but if they mean to have war, let it begin here.”here.”

Major John Pitcairn – Lay down yours and disperse, you Major John Pitcairn – Lay down yours and disperse, you damn rebels”damn rebels”

The road back to Boston – highway of death for the The road back to Boston – highway of death for the regularsregulars

The Second The Second Continental Continental

CongressCongress(opens in May, 1775)(opens in May, 1775)Raise Army, Raise Army,

Appoint Appoint Commander, Commander, Olive Branch Olive Branch

PetitionPetition

Siege of Boston

• British General Howe - Bunker Hill (actually fought on Breeds Hill)

• Patriot retreat, but over 1100 British killed or wounded

• Ethan Allen and Benedict Arnold take Ft. Ticonderoga

• Henry Knox – cannons captured at Ft. Ticonderoga

• Patriots capture Dorchester Hts

Common Sense – Thomas Paine

June 7, 1776

• Common Sense, Jan. 1776

• June 7, 1776, Richard Henry Lee proposed 3 prong resolution – form committees

• Declaring Independence Committee– John Adams, Ben Franklin, Robert Livingston,

Roger Sherman, Thomas Jefferson

Declaration of Declaration of Independence Independence

resolution resolution (July 2, (July 2, 1776)1776)

Independence Hall Independence Hall

WHY WAS THE SLAVERY PARAGRAPH REMOVED?