the ritual year 10
TRANSCRIPT
THE RITUAL YEAR 10
Magic in Rituals and Rituals in Magic
Edited by Tatiana Minniyakhmetova and Kamila Velkoborská
innsbRuck – taRtu 2015
THE RITUAL YEAR 10Magic in Rituals and Rituals in MagicThe Yearbook of the SIEF (Société Internationale d’Ethnologie et de Folklore) Working Group on the Ritual Year
General Editor: Emily LyleEditors for this Issue: Tatiana Minniyakhmetova, Kamila Velkoborská
Language Editors: Jenny Butler, Molly Carter, Cozette Griffin-Kremer, John Helsloot, Billy Mag Fhloinn, Emily Lyle, Thomas McKean, Neill Martin, Elisabeth Warner
Layout: Liisa VesikFront Cover Photo: Yuri Lisovskiy “Four Houses – Four Seasons”Front Cover Design: Andres Kuperjanov
Advisory Board: Maria Teresa Agozzino, Marion Bowman, Jenny Butler, Molly Carter, Kinga Gáspár, Evy Håland, Aado Lintrop, Neill Martin, Lina Midholm, Tatiana Minniyakhmetova, David Stanley, Elizabeth Warner
ISSN 2228-1347ISBN (paper) 978-9949-544-54-7
The Yearbook was established in 2011 by merging former periodicals dedi-cated to the study of the Ritual Year: 9 volumes in 2005–2014.
Innsbruck, Tartu: ELM Scholarly Press.Publication is supported by the authors and the project IRG 225, Estonian Folklore Institute.
© Authors SIEF Working Group on the Ritual Year
Contents
Foreword 13
The Ritual Year and Magical Features
Lyle Emily (Edinburgh, Scotland) 19The Cosmic Connections of the Eight Key Points in the Indo-European Ritual Year
Gunnell Terry (Reykjavik, Iceland) 28The Background and Nature of the Annual and Occasional Rituals of the Ásatrúarfélag in Iceland
Håland Evy Johanne (Bergen, Norway; Athens, Greece) 41Magical Ceremonies during the Ritual Year of the Greek Farmer
Mihaylova Katya (Sofia, Bulgaria) 61The Fortune-Telling Customs of Andrzejki and Katarzynki in the Polish Ritual Year
Gierek Bożena (Kraków, Poland) 70Rituals of the Easter Period in Poland
Multari Anna (Messina, Italy) 83Coptic Magic and Its Phases
Lielbārdis Aigars (Riga, Latvia) 91Catholic Saints in the Latvian Calendar
Testa Alessandro (Pardubice, Czech Republic) 100The Re-Enchantment of Europe: “Traditional” Carnivals and the Belief in Propitiatory Magic (Two Ethnographic Cases from Italy and Czechia)
Mifsud Chircop Marlene (Msida, Malta) 110Good Friday Processions on Contemporary Malta
Griffin-Kremer Cozette (Rambouillet, France) 121Doing Things Rightways and Three Times. From Maying Practices to Standard Procedures
Mag Fhloinn Billy (Limerick, Ireland) 130Sacrificial Magic and the Twofold Division of the Irish Ritual Year
Symbolism of Fire, Food, Ritual Objects and Magical Spaces
Sedakova Irina (Moscow, Russia) 141Magico-Religious Symbolism of a Candle in the Slavic Calendar Rituals
Minniyakhmetova Tatiana (Innsbruck, Austria) 152 Ritual Fire in the Annual Cycle of Udmurt Calendar Customs
Wilk Urszula (Warsaw, Poland) 162The Valencian Festival of Las Fallas as an Example of Symbolic Violence
Ek-Nilsson Katarina (Uppsala, Sweden) 171Folk Belief and Rituals about Bread in Sweden. Some Interpretations and Comparisons with Today’s Hipster Culture
Ramšak Mojca (Ljubljana, Slovenia) 177The Magic of Wine Marketing: Invented Rituals of Slovene Wine Queens
Rychkov Sergey (Kazan, Russia) 187Magic of a Toast
Sánchez Natalías Celia (Zaragoza, Spain) 194Magical Poppets in the Western Roman Empire: a Case Study from the Fountain of Anna Perenna
Kuhn Konrad (Basel, Switzerland) 203Relics from the ‘Lost Valley’ – Discourses on the Magic of Masks
Shutova Nadezhda (Izhevsk, Russia) 213Ritual as a Means of Organizing the Traditional Udmurt Sacred Space (The late 19th – early 20th century)
Khudyaev Andrey (Arkhangelsk, Russia) 220Magic Ritual and its Spatial Structure in Archaic Cultures of the North
Verebélyi Kincső (Budapest, Hungary) 230Das Haus als geistiges Kraftfeld
Innovations in Traditions
Gareis Iris (Frankfurt on Main, Germany) 239Politics and Magic in the Ritual Year: Case Studies from Pre-Columbian Peru to the Present
Rancane Aida (Riga, Latvia) 248Motifs of Sacrifice in the Context of the Present-Day Search for Spiritual Experience in Latvia: Traditions and Innovations
Urboniene Skaidre (Vilnius, Lithuania) 258The Destruction of Religious Monuments in Lithuania in Soviet Times: Stories, Magic and Beliefs
Divination, Fortune-telling
Voigt Vilmos (Budapest, Hungary) 269Rebus – Charms – Evil Forces – Magic
Tuczay Christa Agnes (Vienna, Austria) 275Necromancy from Antiquity to Medieval and Modern Times
Šaknys Žilvytis (Vilnius, Lithuania) 286Magic or Entertainment? Marriage Divination and the Ritual Year in Lithuania
Klimova Ksenia (Moscow, Russia) 294Fortune Telling in the Modern Greek Ritual Year
Vlaskina Nina (Rostov-on-Don, Russia) 303The Types of Divination Used by the Don Cossacks: Highlighting Areas of Distribution
Astral Objects, Plants and Magic in Healing Strategies
Kõiva Mare, Kuperjanov Andres (Tartu, Estonia) 313The Moon, Astronomic Objects and Symbolic Rites in Healing Strategies
Tchoekha Oksana (Moscow, Russia) 323Lunar Magic in the Modern Greek Folk Tradition
Mishev Georgi (Plovdiv, Bulgaria) 335Where Do You Come From, Ash? – I Come From a Pure Place. Magical Healing Practices from the Region of the Thracian Cult Center of Starosel, Plovdiv region, Bulgaria
Ippolitova Aleksandra (Moscow, Russia) 346Circumscription Ritual in Russian Herbals of the 17th–early 20th Centuries
Sidneva Svetlana (Moscow, Russia) 356The Magic Herbs in the Modern Greek and Italian Calendar Customs
Shamanism and Neo-Shamanism, Paganism and Neo-Paganism, Cults and Wicca in the Old and New Traditions
Zoric Snjezana (Seoul, Republic of Korea) 367The Magic of Performance in Korean Shamanic Ritual – gut
Fehlmann Meret (Zurich, Switzerland) 376“The Earth’s Unseen Powers of Growth Need to be Nourished” – on Images of Seasonal Pagan Rituals in Popular Culture
Velkoborská Kamila (Pilsen, Czech Republic) 384Magic as practised by the Brotherhood of Wolves (Czech Republic)
Malita Joanna (Kraków, Poland) 394Magic in Everyday Life of Polish Wiccans
Reasoning of Supernatural: Theory and Practice
Savickaitė Eglė (Kaunas, Lithuania) 405Reasoning Supernatural Experiences: Rationalism and Intuition
Fournier Laurent Sébastien (Nantes, France) 414The Magic of Traditional Games: From Anthropological Theory to Contemporary Case Studies
Zanki Josip (Zadar, Croatia) 422Embodiment and Gender: Constructing Balkan Masculinities
Sorcerers, Witches and Magic Practices
Baiduzh Marina (Tyumen, Russia) 433Constructing the Image of Witch in Contemporary Russian Mythological Beliefs and Magical Practices
Betea Raluca (Berlin, Germany) 444Magical Beliefs for Stealing the Milk of Animals. A Case-study on the Romanian Villages in Transylvania (18th–19th Centuries)
Dillinger Johannes (Oxford, Great Britain) 453Treasure and Drache. Ritual and Economy in the Early Modern Period
Sivilova Yana (Sofia, Bulgaria) 460Magic versus Rational Reasoning in Anecdotal Tale
Magic and Rituals in Family Tradition
Paukštytė–Šaknienė Rasa (Vilnius, Lithuania) 471Ritual Year of Godparents and Godchildren in Contemporary Society in Lithuania
Stolyarova Guzel (Kazan, Russia), 479 Danilova Olga (Yoshkar-Ola, Russia)
Magic in the Traditional Culture of the Russian Population in the Mari Region
Mykytenko Oksana (Kiev, Ukraine) 487Padlock and Key as Attributes of the Wedding Ceremony: Traditional Symbolism and Contemporary Magic (on the Material of the Slavic Tradition)
Rychkova Nadezhda (Kazan, Russia) 497Magic as Communication in Family Rituals of Russians in Tatarstan
Beyond the Threshold and Magic Value
Pócs Éva (Budapest, Hungary) 507The Living and the Dead at the Time of the Winter Solstice in Central Eastern European Beliefs
Stahl Irina (Bucharest, Romania) 519The Nine Miraculous Graves: Seeking Help from Beyond
Neubauer-Petzoldt Ruth (Erlangen, Germany) 532The Year of Magical Thinking – Rituals and Magical Thinking in Autobiographical Literature of Mourning
Analysing Magic in Rituals and New Field Researches
Krasheninnikova Yulia (Syktyvkar, Russia) 547Magic Beliefs and Practices of Holy Thursday in the Modern Tradition of the Peasant Population of the Russian North (based on materials of the XXI century)
Iagafova Ekaterina, Bondareva Valeria (Samara, Russia) 557Traditional Festive Rituals in Modern Chuvash Culture
Koval-Fuchylo Iryna (Kyiv, Ukraine) 568Ukrainian Calendar Cry: the Magical Value and Functional Features of the Tradition
Graden Dorothy Clark (Valparaiso, USA) 579Archaic Magic as Background to Artistic Inspiration and Interpretation
The Authors 583
SIEF Working Group on the Ritual Year
Inaugural Meeting 589
The Conferences 589
The Publications 590
Conference Memories 592
582 Dorothy Clark Graden
es. Were the people hunter-gatherers? Were they an agricultural society? Warriors? All of these sites have stories and it is believed that all the rock art had significance. Archeologists, anthropologists, linguists, geologists, and ethnologists continue to discover, study, record and protect these ancient and important sites.
References and sources
Church, Lisa. 2005. Hopi group disputes popular perception of the Flute Player. The Salt Lake Tribune. 28 November, 2005. http://www.sltrib.com/utah/ci_3258089 (Date of access: 28. 11. 2005).
Francis, Julie E. and Lawrence L. Loendorf. 2002. Ancient Visions: Petro-glyphs and Pictographs of the Wind River and Bighorn Country, Wyoming and Montana. Salt Lake City, UT: University of Utah Press.
Greer, Mavis and John Greer. 1999. Handprints in Montana Rock Art. Plains Anthropologist Vol. 44, Issue 167, February 1999. https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1P3-41148941/handprints-in-montana-rock-art (Undated).
Keyser, James D. 2004. Art of the Warriors: Rock Art of the American Plains. Salt Lake City, UT: University of Utah Press.
Keyser, James D. and Michael A. Klassen. 2001. Plains Indian Rock Art. Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press.
Keyser, James D. and David A. Kaiser, George Poetschat, Michael W. Taylor. 2012. Fraternity of War: Plains Indian Rock Art at Bear Gulch and Atherton Canyon, Montana. Vol. 21. Portland, OR: Oregon Archaeological Society Press Publication.
Relke, Joan. 2007. The Archetypal Female in Mythology and Religion: The Anima and the Mother. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, Vol. 3, No 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/ejop.v3i1.389
Schaafsma, Polly. 2003. Warrior, Shield and Star: Imagery and Ideology of Pueblo Warfare. Santa Fe, NM: Western Edge Press.
Slifer, Dennis. 2007. Kokopelli, The Magic, Mirth, and Mischief of an An-cient Symbol. Layton, Utah: Gibbs Smith.
The Authors
BAIDUZH, MARINA. Senior Researcher, Centre for Theoretical Folklore Studies, School for Advanced Studies in the Humanities, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia; [email protected]
BETEA, RALUCA. PhD in History. Romanian Cultural Institute in Berlin, Berlin, Germany; [email protected]
BONDAREVA, VALERIA. PhD. Associate Professor, International Office, Samara State Academy of Social Sciences and Humanities, Samara, Russia; [email protected]
DANILOVA, OLGA. Post-graduate Student, Mari State University, Yoshkar-Ola, Russia; [email protected]
DILLINGER, JOHANNES. Dr. Professor in Early Modern His-tory, Department of the Humanities History, Brookes, Oxford, GB; [email protected]
EK-NILSSON, KATARINA. PhD. Department of Dialectology and Folklore Research, Institute for Language and Folklore, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden; [email protected]
FEHLMANN, MERET. Dr. Institute of Social Anthropology and Cultural Studies – Popular Culture, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; [email protected]
FOURNIER, LAURENT SÉBASTIEN. Dr. Assistant-professor, University of Nantes, France; [email protected]
GAREIS, IRIS. Dr. Professor, Institute of Anthropology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt on Main, Germany; [email protected]
GIEREK, BOŻENA. Dr. Assistant Professor, Centre for Compara-tive Studies of Civilisations, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Po-land; [email protected]
584 585The Authors The Authors
GRADEN, DOROTHY CLARK. Valparaiso, Indiana, USA; [email protected]
GRIFFIN-KREMER, COZETTE. Doctorat Troisième Cycle in Celtic Studies, Associate Researcher, Centre de recherche bretonne et celtique, Rambouillet, France; [email protected]
GUNNELL, TERRY. Dr. Professor of Folkloristics, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland; [email protected]
HÅLAND, EVY JOHANNE. PhD. Independent researcher, Bergen, Norway. Former: Senior Researcher Marie Curie Intra-European Fellow, Department of Archaeology and History of Art, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; [email protected]
IAGAFOVA, EKATERINA. Doctor of History. Professor, Depart-ment of Philosophy, History and Theory of World Culture, Samara State Academy of Social Sciences and Humanities, Samara, Russia; [email protected]
IPPOLITOVA, ALEKSANDRA. PhD. Leading Researcher, State Re-publican Centre of Russian Folklore, Moscow, Russia; [email protected]
KHUDYAEV, ANDREY. Research Fellow, Centre for Comparative Religious Studies and Ethnosemiotic Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Arkhangelsk, Russia; [email protected]
KLIMOVA, KSENIA. PhD in Linguistics. Assistant Professor, De-partment of Byzantine and Modern Greek Philology, Philological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia; [email protected]
KOVAL-FUCHYLO, IRYNA. Dr. Ethnologist, Rylsky Institute for Art Studies, Folklore and Ethnology, National Academy of Sciences, Kyiv, Ukraine; [email protected]
KÕIVA, MARE. Dr. Senior Researcher, Department of Folkloristics, Estonian Literary Museum, Tartu, Estonia; [email protected]
KRASHENINNIKOVA, YULIA. Dr. of Philology. Department of Folklore, Institute of Language, Literature and History of Komi Scientific Centre, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia; [email protected]
KUHN, KONRAD J. Dr. Lecturer & Research Assistant, Seminar for Cultural Anthropology and European Ethnology, University of Basel, Switzerland; [email protected]
KUPERJANOV, ANDRES. Dr. Researcher, Department of Folklor-istics, Estonian Literary Museum, Tartu, Estonia; [email protected]
LIELBĀRDIS, AIGARS. Dr. of Philology. Researcher, Institute of Literature, Folklore and Art, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia; [email protected]
LYLE, EMILY. PhD. Honorary Fellow, Celtic and Scottish Stud-ies, School of Literatures, Languages and Cultures, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK; [email protected]
MAG FHLOINN, BILLY. PhD in Folklore. Lecturer in Irish Stud-ies, Rannóg na Gaeilge, University of Limerick, Ireland; [email protected]
MALITA, JOANNA. Master of Arts, Faculty of Philosophy, Jagiel-lonian University, Kraków, Poland; [email protected]
MIFSUD CHIRCOP, MARLENE. M.A. Independent Researcher, Malta; [email protected]
MIHAYLOVA, KATYA. Dr. Associate Professor, Institute of Ethnol-ogy and Folklore Studies with Ethnographic Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria; [email protected]
MINNIYAKHMETOVA, TATIANA. PhDs. Research Fellow, Insti-tute for History and European Ethnology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; [email protected]
MISHEV, GEORGI. PhD. Independent Researcher, Plovdiv, Bul-garia; [email protected]
MULTARI, ANNA. Post-doctoral student, DiCAM, University of Messina, Italy; [email protected]
MYKYTENKO, OKSANA. Dr. sci. Leading Scientific Worker, Insti-tute for Art Studies, Folklore and Ethnology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; [email protected]
586 587The Authors The Authors
NEUBAUER-PETZOLDT, RUTH. PD. Dr. Phil., University Erlan-gen-Nürnberg, Germany; [email protected]
PAUKŠTYTĖ-ŠAKNIENĖ, RASA. Dr. Senior Research Worker, Department of Ethnology, Lithuanian Institute of History. Vilnius, Lithuania; [email protected]
PÓCS, ÉVA. Dr. Professor emeritus, Department of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; [email protected]
RAMŠAK, MOJCA. PhD in Ethnology. Professor of Anthropology, Faculty of Arts, Department of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropol-ogy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia; [email protected]
RANCANE, AIDA. Dr. Biol., Mag. Philos. Leading Researcher, Institute of Philosophy and Sociology of the University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia; [email protected]
RYCHKOVA, NADEZHDA. PhD, Docent, Kazan National Techno-logical Research University, Kazan, Russia; [email protected]
RYCHKOV, SERGEY. PhD. Docent, Institute of Economic, Manage-ment and Law, Kazan, Russia; [email protected]
ŠAKNYS, ŽILVYTIS. Dr. Senior Research Worker, Department of Ethnology, Lithuanian Institute of History, Vilnius, Lithuania; [email protected]
SÁNCHEZ NATALÍAS, CELIA. Dr. in Ancient History. Collaborator of the Sciences of Antiquity Department – Ancient History Section, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; [email protected]
SAVICKAITĖ, EGLĖ. Doctor of Science in the field of Ethnology. Junior Researcher, Department of Cultural Studies and Ethnology, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania; [email protected]
SEDAKOVA, IRINA. Dr. Leading Research Fellow, Institute for Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; [email protected]
SHUTOVA, NADEZHDA. Dr. Professor, Leading Research Fellow, Udmurt Institute of History, Language, and Literature, Ural Branch
of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Izhevsk, Russia; [email protected]
SIDNEVA, SVETLANA. PhD. Senior Lecturer, Department of Ital-ian, Faculty of Foreign Languages and Area Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; [email protected]
SIVILOVA, YANA. PhD. Faculty of Slavic Studies, “St. Kliment Ochridsky” University of Sofia, Bulgaria; [email protected]
STAHL, IRINA. PhD Candidate. Higher School of Studies in Social Sciences, Paris, France; Researcher, Institute of Sociology, Roma-nian Academy, Bucharest, Romania; [email protected]
STOLYAROVA, GUZEL. Doctor of History. Professor of Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia; [email protected]
TCHOEKHA, OKSANA. PhD. Assistant, Etnolinguistics & Folklore Department, Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sci-ences, Moscow, Russia; [email protected]
TESTA, ALESSANDRO. PhD. Postdoctoral Research Fellow, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic; [email protected]
TUCZAY, CHRISTA AGNES. PD. Dr., University of Vienna, Vi-enna, Austria; [email protected]
URBONIENĖ, SKAIDRĖ. PhD in Art History. Researcher, Lithu-anian Institute of History, Vilnius, Lithuania; [email protected]
VELKOBORSKÁ, KAMILA. PhD. Independent researcher, Saga Studio Pilsen, Czech Republic; [email protected]
VEREBÉLYI, KINCSŐ. Dr. Professor, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary; [email protected]
VLASKINA, NINA. PhD. Senior Research Fellow, Institute of Social-Economic Research and Humanities of the Southern Scien-tific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Rostov-on-Don, Russia; [email protected]
VOIGT, VILMOS. Professor emeritus, Folklore Tanszék, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary; [email protected]
588 The Authors
WILK, URSZULA. Postgraduate Student, Department of Hispanic History and Culture, Institute of Iberian and Ibero-American Stud-ies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; [email protected]
ZANKI, JOSIP. Associated Professor, Teachers and Preschool Teachers Department, University of Zadar, Zadar, Croatia; [email protected]
ZORIC, SNJEZANA. Dr. Professor, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul, Republic of Korea; [email protected]
SIEF working group on the Ritual Year
Inaugural Meeting
The working group on The Ritual Year was established at the confer-ence in Marseille on April 29, 2004. Initiated by Dr Emily Lyle the inaugural meeting was held on 11 July 2004, in the department of Celtic and Scottish Studies at the University of Edinburgh.
The Conferences
1. First International Conference of the SIEF Working Group on the Ritual Year in Association with the Department of Maltese University of Malta, Junior College Msida, Malta. March 20–24, 2005.
2. Second Conference of the SIEF Working Group on the Ritual Year “The Ritual Year and Ritual Diversity”. Institute for Dialectology, Onomastics and Folklore Research. Gothenburg, Sweden. June 7–11, 2006.
3. Third International Conference of the SIEF Working Group on the Ritual Year “Ritual Year and History”. Národní ústav lidové kultury. Strážnice, Czech Republic. 25–29 May 2007.
4. Fourth International Conference of the SIEF Working Group on the Ritual Year “Ritual Year and Gender”. Folklore and Ethnol-ogy Department, University College Cork. Cork, Ireland. 22–26 June 2008.
5. Fifth International Conference of the SIEF Working Group on the Ritual Year “The Power of the Mask”. Vytautas Magnus University. Kaunas, Lithuania. 2–6 July, 2009.
6. Sixth International Conference of the SIEF Working Group on the Ritual Year “The Inner and the Outer”. Estonian Literary Museum, Department of Folkloristics. Tallinn, Estonia, 4–7 June, 2010.
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7. Seventh International Conference of the SIEF Working Group on the Ritual Year “Researchers, Performance, Researcher. Co-Designing Heritage, Co-Designing Performance”. Institute of Slovenian Ethnology SRC SASA. Ljubljana, Slovenia. 10–13 November, 2011.
8. Eighth International Conference of the SIEF Working Group on the Ritual Year “Migrations”. The Institute of Ethnology and Folklore Studies with Ethnographic Museum (Bulgarian Academy of Sciences) & Paisii Hilendarski University of Plovdiv. Plovdiv, Bulgaria. 26–29 June, 2012
9. Ninth International Conference of the SIEF Working Group on the Ritual Year “Politics, Feasts, Festivals”. Department of Eth-nology and Cultural Anthropology of the University of Szeged, the Bálint Sándor Institute for the Study of Religion. Szeged, Hungary. 14–16 March, 2013.
10. Tenth Annual Conference of the SIEF Working Group on the Ritual Year “Magic in Rituals and Rituals in Magic”. Institute for History and European Ethnology of the University of Innsbruck. Innsbruck, Austria. 25–28 September, 2014.
The Publications
George Mifsud-Chircop (ed.). The Ritual Year 1. First International Conference of the SIEF Working Group on The Ritual Year in asso-ciation with the Department of Maltese University of Malta, Junior College Msida, Malta. Proceedings. Malta, March 20–24, 2005. Malta: Publishing Enterprises Group 2006. 568 p.
Lina Midholm and Annika Nordström (eds.) The Ritual Year 2: The Ritual Year and Ritual Diversity. Proceedings of the Second International Conference of the SIEF Working Group on The Ritual Year. Gothenburg, Sweden, June 7–11, 2006. Gothenburg: Institutet för spark och folkminen, 2007. 377 p.
Irina Sedakova (ed.). The Ritual Year 3: The Ritual Year and His-tory. Proceedings of the Third International Conference of the SIEF Working Group on The Ritual Year. Strážnice, Czech Republic, May 25–29, 2007. Strážnice: Národní ústav lidovè kultury, 2008. 208 p.
Jenny Butler (ed.). The Ritual Year 4: The Ritual Year and Gender. [Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference of The SIEF Working Group on The Ritual Year. Cork, Ireland, June 22–26, 2008]. Edinburgh: Traditional Cosmology Society (a joint publica-tion with Cosmos 25), 2011. 251 p.
Arūnas Vaičekauskas (ed.). The Ritual Year 5: The Power of the Mask. [Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference of The SIEF Working Group on The Ritual Year. Kaunas, Lithuania, July, 2–6, 2007]. Kaunas: Vitautas Magnus University, 2013. 150 p.
Mare Kõiva (ed.). The Ritual Year 6: The Inner and the Outer. The Yearbook of the SIEF Working Group of the Ritual Year [Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference of The SIEF Working Group on The Ritual Year. Tallinn, Estonia, June 4–7, 2010]. Tartu: ELM Scholarly Press, 2011. 400 p.
Jurij Fikfak and Laurent Sébastien Fournier (eds.). The Ritual Year 7: The Interplay of Performances, Performers, Researchers, and Heritages [Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference of The SIEF Working Group on The Ritual Year. Ljubljana, Slovenia, November 11–13, 2011]. Ljubljana: ZRC Publishing, 2012. 270 p.
Lina Gergova and Dobrinka Parusheva (eds.). The Ritual Year 8: Migration. [Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference of The SIEF Working Group on The Ritual Year. Plovdiv, Bul-garia, June 26–29, 2012]. Sofia: Парадигма, 2014. 484 p. http://iefem.bas.bg/the-ritual-year-8-migrations-2014.html
Gábor Barna and István Povedák (eds.). The Ritual Year 9: Politics, Feasts, Festivals. [Proceedings of the Ninth International Confer-ence of The SIEF Working Group on The Ritual Year. Szeged, Hungary. March 14–16, 2013]. Szeged, 2014. 284 p.
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Conference Memories
Photos by A. Kuperjanov, K. Mihaylova, T. Minniyakhmetova, Ž. Šaknys, I. Stahl.
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