the respiratory system chapter 22
DESCRIPTION
The Respiratory System Chapter 22. Functions. Surface for gas exchange Movement of air Protection of respiratory pathways Sound production Assistance with olfaction. Conduction Zone. Respiration Zone. Respiratory Membrane. Simple squamous epithelia Pneumocytes type 1 - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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The Respiratory System
Chapter 22
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Functions Surface for gas exchange Movement of air Protection of respiratory
pathways Sound production Assistance with olfaction
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Conduction Zone
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Respiration Zone
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Respiratory Membrane Simple squamous epithelia
Pneumocytes type 1 Pneumocytes type 2 (septal) Alveolar macrophages
Respiratory membrane Epithelia Endothelia Shared (fused) basement
mebrane
http://iws.collin.edu/mweis/Images/Histology/2402%20histology/Respiratory%20Histo/labeled%20resp%20histo/resp_phys_alveolus_typecells_histo_labeled.png
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Mechanics of Breathing(exchange of air between atmosphere and lungs)
Pulmonary ventalation maintains alveolar ventilation
Atmospheric pressure effects ventilation Boyles Law P=1/V (http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/k-12/airplane/aboyle.html)
Ventilation causes volume and pressure changes Intrapulmonary pressure Intrapleural pressure
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Mechanics of Breathing
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Physical Factors Airway resistance Alveolar surface tension Lung Compliance
change in lung volume/change in lung pressure
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Gas Exchange Dalton's Law =the partial pressure of a gas is the
pressure contributed to the mixture of gases Henry's Law =the amount of gas in solution is
directly proportional to the partial pressure Partial pressures gradients drive gas exchange Amount of gas in solution depends upon the
solubility
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Gas Transport Red blood cells are sacs of hemoglobin bound O2 CO2 uses 3 methods
Conversion to carbonic acid (HCO3-) =70% Bound to hemoglobin = 23% Dissolved in plasma =7%
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Gas Transport
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Control of Respiration
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Control of Respiration
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Control of Respiration
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Control of Respiration
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Respiratory Adjustments Exercise High Altitude Scuba Diving Hyperbaric Chambers