The

Republic of

Texas1836-1845

Republic of Republic of Texas:Texas: approximately approximately 376, 163376, 163

sq. milessq. miles

Texas today:Texas today: approximately approximately

268, 601268, 601

sq. miles.sq. miles.

Who were Who were the the

Presidents Presidents ofof thethe Republic Republic ofof

Texas?Texas?

David G. BurnetDavid G. Burnet•Served as the Served as the ad ad

interiminterim (temporary) (temporary) president during president during the Texas the Texas Revolution in Revolution in 1836.1836.

Sam HoustonSam Houston• 1836-1838 (1st popularly

elected president of Texas)

• Texas debt was $1.25- 2 million

• Dismissed most of the Texas Army due to high financial cost

• Put tariffs on goods as a way to raise money

Sam HoustonSam Houston• Replaced Army with Texas

Rangers as a defensive force

• Wanted Texas annexation to the U.S.

• Couldn’t run for re-election.

• Texas Constitution= NO consecutive terms

• Chose Houston for the Republic’s capital

HoustonHouston 1837-1839 1837-1839

Corner of Main St. & Texas Ave.

• Summer 1838

• Nacogdoches had a large population of TejanosTejanos

• Many AnglosAnglos move to East Texas after Revolution

• Vicente Cordova (loyal to Mexico) forms alliance with Cherokee Indians to rebel against Texas

• Sam Houston tries to calm the situation• Texas army/ Rangers stops rebellion• Impact: A distrust of Tejanos & Indians in TexasA distrust of Tejanos & Indians in Texas

3 Candidates3 Candidates Peter GraysonPeter Grayson

James James CollingsworthCollingsworth

Mirabeau B. LamarMirabeau B. Lamar

Commited suicide

Got drunk & drowned in Galveston Bay.

Won:….

Mirabeau B. Lamar• 1838-1841 (2nd elected

President)• Didn’t want Texas to be

annexed• Increased TX debtdebt from

$3.3 million to $8 million• Involved in establishing

education system “Father “Father of Education in Texas”of Education in Texas”

• Chose AustinAustin as the site of the capital

• Did not trust or like IndiansIndians.

• After the Cordova Rebellion- Lamar wanted the Cherokees out of Texas.

• Cherokees refuse to leave.Cherokees refuse to leave.

• Sends soldiers to make them leave. Sends soldiers to make them leave. Kill about 100 including Sam Kill about 100 including Sam Houston’s friend Chief BowlesHouston’s friend Chief Bowles

Council House Fight• March 19, 1840• Comanche agreed releaserelease all

AngloAnglo captives in San Antonio• Returned a girl- Matilda Lockhart Matilda Lockhart

(all messed up)• Matilda told of other captives • Texans attempt to hold Comanche

leaders hostage until they bring all captives

• Fighting starts- 77 Texans & 3535 Comanche are killed

• After the fight the Comanche kill many of their captives and make raids on Anglo settlements

Mary Maverick• Early settlersettler in Texas• Recorded many of the

important events of Texas in her diarydiary

• Worked hard to make Worked hard to make sure the history of sure the history of Texas was preservedTexas was preserved

PrimaryPrimary Source

Texas NavyTexas Navy• LamarLamar funds Texas Navy• Edwin Moore Edwin Moore commands the

entire Texas Navy (Commodore)• Won many battles in the Gulf of

Mexico• Very costly; Sam Houston tried to

sell during his second term

Jose Antonio NavarroJose Antonio Navarro Signer of the Texas Signer of the Texas

Declaration of Declaration of IndependenceIndependence

Served in the Republic’s Served in the Republic’s CongressCongress & worked for & worked for TejanoTejano rights rights

Served as San Antonio’s Served as San Antonio’s Representative in the Representative in the Texas CongressTexas Congress

Wanted Texas to be Wanted Texas to be annexed by the U.S.annexed by the U.S.

• CherokeeCherokee Chief

• Made land treaties with the Republic of Texas

• Close friend of Sam Houston

• KilledKilled when Lamar Lamar ordered Cherokee out of Texas & into Oklahoma

Republic CurrencyRepublic Currency

Debt is a Debt is a huge huge

problem.problem.

((Red backsRed backs pg 279pg 279))

Santa Fe Expedition• Texas claimed the Rio Rio

GrandeGrande as the border• This included half of

New Mexico• LamarLamar sent soldiers to

enforce this claim• Soldiers were

captured by Mexican soldiers

• Imprisoned in Mexico City – later released

• Expedition is a failurefailure

< 1,000 miles & took

about 3 months

Texas RangersEstablished to protectprotect Texans from Indian & Mexican attacksHad to provide their own horses & equipment & had to live off the land (food)Payment- $25.00-$30.00 $25.00-$30.00 a month & land grantsland grants

John ‘Jack’ Coffee HayesBest known (famous) Best known (famous) Texas RangerLeader among the RangersPaid $150 $150 a month

Houston & Lamar had Houston & Lamar had different ideas about…different ideas about…

Native AmericansNative Americans Debt & SpendingDebt & SpendingAnnexationAnnexation Education Education

Who do you think is Who do you think is more popular with more popular with Texans at the time?Texans at the time?

Native AmericansNative Americans::Loved themLoved them

Debt & SpendingDebt & Spending: : Tried to decrease Tried to decrease debtdebt

AnnexationAnnexation::Wanted TX to be Wanted TX to be annexedannexed..

EducationEducation::Did nothing to establish Did nothing to establish an education system in an education system in TX.TX.

Native AmericansNative Americans::

Hated themHated them

Debt & SpendingDebt & Spending::

Increased debt through Increased debt through government spending.government spending.

AnnexationAnnexation::

Didn’t want TX Didn’t want TX annexedannexed..

EducationEducation::

Strong efforts to establish Strong efforts to establish education system in TX. education system in TX. “The Father of “The Father of Education.” Education.”

Houston Lamar

Lamar/HoustonLamar/Houston

Who would Who would youyou have have voted for?voted for?

Sam Houston• 1841-18441841-1844 (3rd elected

President)

• Tried to decrease TX debtdebt

• Wanted peaceful American Indian policies.

• WantedWanted TX to be annexed annexed to the U.S.

TexasTexas

still had still had conflicts with conflicts with

Mexico.Mexico.

Mier Expedition Mexicans attack San AntonioSan Antonio Sept. 1842. Texans attack Mexicans at Salado Creek.

Mexicans retreat & take Texan prisoners President Houston orders General Somervell &

Texas militia to Rio Grande to recapture the prisoners. = Not enough troops to defeat the Mexicans.

300 men disobey & invade Mexico at the small town of Mier = need supplies. 3,0003,000 Mexican soldiersMexican soldiers are there waiting.

A battle occurs ending in Texan surrender. March Texans back to Mexico City. 176 make it. Santa Anna orders every 10th prisoner shot.

If they If they drew a…drew a…

They LivedThey Lived They DiedThey Died

The Texas The Texas prisoners were prisoners were

lined up & forced lined up & forced to draw a bean to draw a bean

from a jar.from a jar.

Some of the others Some of the others were later pardoned, were later pardoned, escaped or released.escaped or released.Eventually there was peace between Eventually there was peace between

Mexico & Texas Mexico & Texas

British & U.S. diplomats urged Mexico to release prisoners.

Anson JonesAnson Jones 1844-18451844-1845

44thth and and lastlast president of president of the Republic of the Republic of TX.TX.

Successfully Successfully got TX got TX annexedannexed into into the U.S.the U.S.

December 29, 1845December 29, 1845 Texas is Texas is AnnexedAnnexed into into the U.S. becoming the 28the U.S. becoming the 28thth State State of the United of the United

StatesStates

Writing AssignmentWriting Assignment•Who do you think the best

president for the Republic of Texas was? –Use at least 8 facts that you have learned to support your argument.

–Underline these facts.