The Renaissance:Italian & Northern

Ms. AllenWorld History II

2015-16

Part 1: The

Italian Renaissa

nce

• Renaissance – “rebirth”–Renewed interest in Greek and

Roman styles and methods in the Humanities

study human culture, includes ancient & modern languages, literature, philosophy, religion, visual and performing arts, music, theater, social sciences like history, anthropology, cultural studies, law

The Renaissance Beginnings

Why Italy?–Home to ruins of the Roman Empire–Crusades and trade with Byzantine

Empire–Trade with Asia and Africa–Rich Italian city-states–Medici Family (patrons of the Arts)

Humanism• Theory that emphasizes human reason

and scientific inquiry and deemphasizes the importance of religious focus

• Study of the Humanities (philosophy, art, literature, etc.)

Italian Renaissance: Writers• Francesco Petrarch

– One of 1st Humanists and proponent of classical writers

• Niccolo Machiavelli– Diplomat and historian– Wrote “The Prince”– Government should be realistic

and practical without much concern for morals

Italian Renaissance: Art• Realistic and lifelike images were a contrast

to “other worldly” art of Medieval times• Perspective- technique making distant

objects smaller than those in the foreground (front); create illusion of depth on a flat surface– This makes painting have a three-dimensional (3D)

element

“The School of Athens” by Raphael

Italian Renaissance: Art• Secular vs. non-secular art

– Secular = religious– Non-secular must be the opposite– Describes Renaissance paintings with NO religions

connotations or meanings

Italian Renaissance: ArtistsLeonardo da Vinci

- “Renaissance Man” (architect, engineer, painter, sculptor, and scientist)- science influencing art realistic figures- “The Last Supper” and “Mona Lisa”

Italian Renaissance: ArtistsMichelangelo

- Sistine Chapel (at the Vatican)- sculptures such as “David”

Raphael- known for paintings/depictions of Mary

“Pieta” - Michelangelo “Madonna del Granduca” - Raphael

Niccolo Machiavelli

• READING

Part 2: The Northern

Renaissance

• Renaissance spreads from Italy through the Alps and rivers of Europe (Danube, Rhine)

• New universities• PRINTING PRESS – Johannes Gutenberg

(Germany) was 1st European to use movable type to print books- What book do you think was printed the most?

The Bible

Northern Renaissance: Writers• Desiderius Erasmus

– Interested in Early Christian and Greek/Roman periods

– “Praise of Folly” – criticisms of Christian faith

• Thomas More– “Utopia” (imaginary, ideal society)– Executed for not going along with King Henry VIII’s

annulment request and recognizing Henry as the head of the church

Northern Renaissance: Artists

• Jan and Hubert van Eyck–Attention to detail and facial

expression–More realistic than symbolic

“Giovanni Arnolfini and his wife” by van Eyck

The Ghent Alterpiece

Northern Renaissance: Artists

• Peter Brueghel–Scenes of village dances and festivals–Used paintings to criticize intolerance

• Albrecht Durer–Copper engravings and woodcuts

“Peasant Wedding” – Pieter Brueghel

“Adoration of the Magi” – Albrecht Durer

Who is this?

Sean John Combs

Puff Daddy, Diddy, P. Diddy• Rapper• Record Producer• Actor• Entrepreneur – Clothing line of Sean

John• Founded Bad Boy Records• Won 3 Grammy’s• Producer of MTV’s Making the Band• Movie Production Company• Owned two restaurants• Worth about $550 M