the rabies situation in western europe
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The Rabies Situation in Western Europe. Alexander I. Wandeler OLF, CFIA Ottawa, Canada. The Rabies Situation in Western Europe. Comments to the history of rabies in Western Europe The questionnaire survey covering 2005 and 2006. The spread of fox rabies in Europe. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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The Rabies Situation inWestern Europe
Alexander I. Wandeler
OLF, CFIA
Ottawa, Canada
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Western Europe Eastern Europe Central Asia Middle East Far East Asia
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The Rabies Situation inWestern Europe
• Comments to the history of rabies in
Western Europe
• The questionnaire survey covering 2005
and 2006
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The spread of fox rabies in Europe
From Wachendörfer and Frost, 1992
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Prevalence Periodicity and Control
from Wandeler, 1991
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from U. Müller & U. Breitenmoser, 2004
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A B C h = 2.5 km
h = 10 km
h = 30 km
1970197 5
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19801985
19841984
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Questionnaire Survey ResultsRabies in 2005 and 2006
• Questionnaire composed of easy queries
and of difficult questions
• 16 completed questionnaires received
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Questionnaire Survey ResultsRabies in 2005 and 2006
• Rabies a notifiable disease in all countries
yes nono answer
human legislation 9 5 2
animal legislation 15 1 0
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Animals examined in 2005 and 2006
2005 2006
neg pos neg pos
dogs + cats 1009 0 662 0other domestic animals 851 1 505 0
foxes 30859 39 20475 5
raccoon dogs 403 0 130 0
other wildlife 2910 2 2192 0
bats 1427 28 1099 30
total 37259 70 25860 35
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Questionnaire Survey ResultsPresence of Rabies in 2005 and 2006
• Rabies in dogs and cats: none• Rabies in foxes: 1 country (Germany)
1 case in Austria 1 case in Denmark = EBL
• Rabies in raccoon dogs: none• Rabies in bats: 4 countries (Germany Denmark Netherlands
France)
Bulk of examinations: Germany and Austria
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Rabies cases in foxes in 2005 and 2006Source: Rabies Bulletin Europe
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Rabies cases in bats 2000 to 2006Source: Rabies Bulletin Europe
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Rabies in Humans
2005: 1 case in UK (dog) 4 cases in Germany (organ transplant)
2006: none
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Post Exposure Prophylaxis
2005 2006
Austria 558
Belgium 128 115
Denmark 94 85
France 5284
UK 398 445
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Dogs – Dog Rabies Control
2005 2006 human: dog % vaccinated
Austria 620,000 13:1 24.8
Belgium 1,040,000 1,040,000 (10:1) 5.38
France 8,700,000 8,700,000 7.5:1 ?
Germany 5,000,000 5,000,000 20:1 ?
Luxembourg 32,000 35,000 14:1 71.5
UK 6,500,000 6,500,000 8:1
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Fox Rabies Control
area covered (km2)Campaigns
per yearbait
density2005 2006 2007
Austria 12,620 11,212 11,212 2 25
France 4,300 0 0 2 20
Germany 26,420 23,290 11,500 3 30
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Conclusions
• Fox rabies has practically disappeared from Western Europe
• Cats and dogs have not become a significant reservoir
• Rabies did not establish itself in raccoon dog populations
• Bat rabies is widespread
• Quality of surveillance is variable
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Conclusions
• Vaccination coverage of dogs is variable
• Fox vaccination campaigns are gradually being abandoned
• Human post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is adequate
• There is still a high number of PEPs administered
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Thank you for your attention