the psychology of steve jobs

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The Psychology of SteveJobs

Written by Ivan Staroversky - www.StarOverSky.com

Counselor in the field of applied positive psychology & NLP coach
http://www.staroversky.com/http://www.staroversky.com/


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Table of Contents

Introduction" 3Everything begins in childhood" 4

Perfection and Elegance! 5Attitude - The Secret of Success! 5

The Reality DistortionField" 7The Power ofFocus" 8Spirituality " 9Simplicity " 11

Design Principles - The Studio of Jobs andIve! 11Motivation! 12What motivated Steve Jobs to keep moving forward:! 13

Think Different" 15Steve Jobs on purpose in his own words! 17

Intuition from the future " 18Immortality " 20Bibliography " 21


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Introduction

Every once in a while a great thinker comes along that changes everything. Its very

fortunate if you can live during the time of one of these thinkers in your life. I have been

very fortunate in that I had the opportunity to see Steve Jobs inspire people andbusinesses to change the world and make it a better place.

Much of what you are going to read in this article is taken from Steve Jobss

autobiography written by Walter Isaacson. I think that this is one of the best books I

have ever read not only because I have learned a lot from it, but because it allowed me

to get a better understanding about the psychology and philosophy of Steve Jobs.

Like many people out here, I have never met Jobs but over the past few years I was

inspired by him to focus on the important things in my life and create great products and

services that bring value to people. Steve Jobs simplified the way we communicate with

each other and the way we create things. Simplicity, fun, and inspiration are the words

that I associate with the products created by Steve Jobs. However, this article is not

about products or software, but about the psychology of Steve Jobs.

While reading Steve Jobss biography I was specifically focusing on trying to understand

the psychology that made Jobs successful and how he was able to transform many

industries with his vision of the future and philosophy of product design.


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Everything begins in childhood

According to the theory of life scenarios, how we live our life greatly depends on the

experiences that we have during the first 7 years of our life (1). There are four main

scenarios that people live by:

I am OK, you are OK - a rather rare scenario where the main message is live and

be happy.

I am not OK, others are OK - one of the most common scenarios where people

learn not to be and not to do something.

I am OK, you are not OK - is common in people who were highly praised duringtheir childhood. These people often use others as instruments that help them get

what they want.

I am not OK, you are not OK - common to people with low self-esteem who

learned that their brain is useless and they cant change anything in life.

Steve Jobs was an adopted child and his step-parents made him aware from an early

age of the fact that he was adopted. As disappointing as it was for him to know this, his

parents also made sure to tell him that the reason why they chose him was because he

was special. His emotional childhood trauma about discovering that he was adopted set

him on the lifetime course to prove to his biological parents that they made a mistake of

abandoning him. One of his unconscious goals was to make great things happen so

that when he would finally meet his biological mother, he would be able to tell her that

he turned out to be much better than she thought of him when she left him.

Jobs was also bullied in school and he demanded that his parents put him in a different

school. If he really wanted something, he was able to find a way to manipulate or

persuade his parents to bend to his will. Thus, the ingredients of Jobss psychology

were formed unconscious desire to prove that he was special to his biological

parents and a foundation to convince people about something that he strongly believed

in.


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Perfection and Elegance

Jobss father was a mechanic who taught him that a drive for perfection meant caring

about the craftsmanship even of the parts unseen. His father loved doing things right

even if no one would ever see his craft. For instance, his father said they need to craft

the backs of cabinets and fences properly, even though they were hidden because

everything had to be done the right way from the inside out. The curvature, the

elegance, and the beauty of Apples products are a reflection of Jobss childhood

lessons from his father.

Attitude - The Secret of Success

Throughout his career, Jobs thought of himself as a rebel fighting against an evil empire

of boring products and cluttered software. He was an enlightened Jedi that wanted to

make the world a better place. He had a vision of the future that he thought was right for

everyone, and he did everything that he could to turn his vision into a reality. He also

knew that most people do not know what they want in life and that is why he took the

liberty to invent the future rather than listen to opinions and adjust to the future. He

thought that customers dont know what they want until he showed them.

Malcolm Gladwell thinks that Jobs was a tweaker who inherited things as they were,

and had to push and pull them towards some more nearly perfect solutions (2). I tend to

agree more with Chunka Mui who thinks that Steve Jobs was a great visionary and the

real lesson to be learned from Steve Jobs is that, to really innovate, you have to think

big. (3). Jobs was a master of seeing the dots and connecting the dots that turned into

great products. He didnt invent many things completely, but he was a master at putting

together ideas, art, and technology in ways that created the future.

Reinvent yourself and your vision

Throughout his career, Jobs had to reinvent himself and Apple several times. One of the

best things to ever happen to Steve was when he was fired from Apple and was told to

get lost. It was tough and emotionally devastating for Steve to get fired from his own

Company, but that loss did not kill him an instead it made him stronger. He was able to

use all of his instincts, both good and bad to create a new company.


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The Reality DistortionFieldThe reality distortion field is the ability to create a belief that is so powerful that it sucks

other people into believing that it is true. Steve Jobs had the ability to willfully defy

reality, not only to others but to himself. He was able to deceive himself in a way thatallowed him to persuade people into believing his vision, because he has personally

embraced and internalized it. Just like Walt Disney who once said Its kind of fun to do

the impossible Steve Jobs liked to bend reality.

The mechanism of the reality distortion field lies in the ability to create a self-fulfilling

distortion to do the impossible because you do not realize it is impossible. The secret

ingredients of the reality distortion field for Jobs were a confounding mixture of a

charismatic rhetorical style, unshakable will, and eagerness to bend any fact to fit the

purpose at hand. At the root of Steve Jobss reality distortion was his belief that the

rules didnt apply to him. This belief began in his childhood during which he had often

been able to change reality that he did not like. Later in life, Nolan Bushnell taught Jobs

that if you act like you can do something, then it will work Pretend to be completely in

control and people will assume that you are.

A lot of people distort reality, but when Steve Jobs did so, it was often a tactic for

accomplishing something meaningful. For example, it enabled Jobs to inspire his team

to change the course of computer history with a fraction of the resources that other

people or companies had (IBM or Xerox). The reality distortion field was first associated

with Steve Jobs by his veteran colleagues at Apple. Sometimes it was the inadvertent

misfiring of memory cells that happens to us all; at other times he was spinning his own

version of reality both to me and to himself. (4).

Jobs was able to project his belief of reality to other people and make them temporarily

forget that something is not possible to achieve. As Atkinson said Because I didnt

know it couldnt be done, I was enabled to do it. A lot of discoveries in history have

been made by people who were not aware that they were not supposed to do

something or that something was not possible to begin with. Steve Jobs was one of

these people, but he was also able to project this psychology onto other people.


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In the presence of Steve Jobs, reality sometimes became flexible and he was able to

convince anyone of practically anything. This effect wore off when he wasnt around, but

it kept people moving forward. Sometimes it was dangerous to get caught in Steves

distortion field, but it was what led him to actually be able to change reality. One of the

techniques that Jobs used to convince other people of something was to stare at the

person he was talking to. He would stare into someones eyeballs, ask some question,

and would want a response without the other person averting their eyes.

Pam Kerwin, Pixars marketing director tells a story about his experience in the

distortion field when Jobs was using the whiteboard to show the team how to make

something simpler and more user-friendly. We would be nodding our heads and getting

excited and say, yes, yes, this will be great! And then he would leave and we would

consider it for a moment and then say, What the heck was he thinking! He was so

weirdly charismatic that you almost had to get deprogrammed after you talked to him.

The Power ofFocusWith every year as the amount of information is rapidly expanding, the ability to focus on

what truly matters becomes more important than ever. One of Jobss great strengths

was knowing how to focus. For him, the ability to decide what not to do was as

important as the decision about what to do. This concept applies to both personal

decisions and business decisions. Specifically, Jobs had the ability to focus in on a few

things that count, get people who get user interface right, and market things as

revolutionary.

Jobss ability to focus can be described in three steps:

1. Set priorities,2. Aim your laser attention on them,

3. Filter out distractions.

The power to focus and say no allowed Jobs to bring Apple back on track when it was

struggling on the market. He made devices simpler by eliminating buttons, software


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simpler by eliminating features, and interfaces simpler by eliminating options (4). His

love for simplicity came from his Zen training where he learned to appreciate intuition,

filter out anything that was distracting or unnecessary, and appreciate minimalism. He

also loved to take long walks with people whenever he needed to make an important

decision in life.

When Jobs came back to Apple, he insisted that Apple focus on just two or three

priorities at a time and turn off the noise that is in the way. He was really good at

focusing on a few things and saying no to many things. Jobs had a way of focusing on

something with insane intensity for a while and then change his focus on something

else. Both, in his professional and personal life he would focus on what he wanted to,

when he wanted to, and on other matters he would be unresponsive, no matter how

hard people tried to get him to engage.

The most important advice Steve Jobs gave to Larry Page was to focus. We talked a

lot about focus. And choosing people. How to know who to trust, and how to build a

team of lieutenants he can count on. I described the blocking and tackling he would

have to do to keep the company from getting flabby or being larded with B players. The

main thing I stressed was focus. Figure out what Google wants to be when it grows up.

Its now all over the map. What are the five products you want to focus on? Get rid of

the rest, because theyre dragging you down. Theyre turning you into Microsoft. Theyre

causing you to turn out products that are adequate but not great. - Steve Jobs

Spirituality

Steve Jobs was one of the best CEOs, a businessman, and a billionaire who changed

the world. What a lot of people dont know is that he was also a very spiritual person.

First, lets look at the differences between religion and spirituality because some people

tend to confuse the two.

Religion is a collection of cultural systems, belief systems, and worldviews that

establishes symbols that relate humanity to spirituality and, sometimes, to moral values

(5).


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Spirituality refers to the deepest values and meanings by which people seek to live. It

implies some kind of vision of the human spirit and of what will assist it to achieve full

potential (6).

Jobs emphasized that religion was at its best when it emphasized spiritual experiences

rather than received dogma (4). There was a point in his life when he began to realize

that intuitive understanding and consciousness was more significant than abstract

thinking and intellectual logical analysis.

One of the most profound experiences in his life was taking LSD after which he found

out that theres another side to the coin. Even though Jobs did not recall all the details

of his psychedelic journey, he remembered the meaning of that experience. It

reinforced my sense of what was important creating great things instead of making

money, putting things back into the stream of history and of human consciousness as

much as I could - Steve Jobs.

After Jobs spent seven months in Indian villages, he saw that the Western world is filled

with craziness and that people had very little capacity for rational thought. If you just sit

and observe, you will see how restless your mind is. If you try to calm it, it only makes it

worse, but over time it does calm, and when it does, theres room to hear more subtlethings thats when your intuition starts to blossom and you start to see things more

clearly and be in the present more. Your mind just slows down, and you see a

tremendous expanse in the moment. You see so much more than you could see before.

Its a discipline; you have to practice it - Steve Jobs.

Steve Jobs was highly influenced by the teachings of Zen Buddhism. He believed that it

was important to avoid attachment to material objects. Peoples consumer desires are

unhealthy and to attain enlightenment you need to develop a life of non-attachment andnon-materialism. One of the most important lessons that Jobs learned from his Buddhist

days was that material possessions often cluttered life rather than enriched it. Every

other CEO I know has a security detail. Theyve even got them at their homes. Its a

nutso way to live. We just decided thats not how we wanted to raise our kids - SteveJobs.


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Money is not evil, what people do with the money can be evil. Here is what Jobs had to

say about money I never worried about money. I grew up in a middle-class family, so I

never thought I would starve. And I learned at Atari that I could be an okay engineer, so

I always knew I could get by. I was voluntarily poor when I was in college and India, and

I lived a pretty simple life even when I was working. So I went from fairly poor, which

was wonderful, because I didnt have to worry about money, to being incredibly rich,

when I also didnt have to worry about money. I watched people at Apple who made a

lot of money and felt they had to live differently. Some of them bought a Rolls-Royce

and various houses, each with a house manager and then someone to manage the

house managers. Their wives got plastic surgery and turned into these bizarre people.

This was not how I wanted to live. Its crazy. I made a promise to myself that Im not

going to let this money ruin my life - Steve Jobs.

Simplicity

Being highly influenced by the ideas of Zen Buddhism, Jobss design philosophy always

remained constant: Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication. His strive for simplicity was

seen in his lifestyle and in the way that he dealt with people.

Isaacson provides a number of stories demonstrating how Steve Jobs demanded

simplicity in every step (4). One such story is about IBM and NeXSTEP negotiations.

IBM would license the current version of the NeXTSTEP software, and if the managers

liked it, they would use it on some of their workstations. IBM sent to Palo Alto a 125-

page contract. Jobs tossed it down without reading it. You dont get it, he said as he

walked out of the room. He demanded a simpler contract of only a few pages, which he

got within a week (4).

Design Principles - The Studio of Jobs andIveThe foundation of Jobs psychology can be summarizes in two statements Less but

better. and Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication. Simplicity must come from

conquering complexities, not ignoring them. It takes a lot of hard work, to make

something simple, to truly understand the underlying challenges and come up with

elegant solutions. Why do we assume that simple is good? Because with physical


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products, we have to feel we can dominate them. As you bring order to complexity, you

find a way to make the product defer to you. Simplicity isnt just a visual style. Its not

just minimalism or the absence of clutter. It involves digging through the depth of the

complexity. To be truly simple, you have to go really deep. For example, to have no

screws on something, you can end up having a product that is so convoluted and so

complex. The better way is to go deeper with the simplicity, to understand everything

about it and how its manufactured. You have to deeply understand the essence of a

product in order to be able to get rid of the parts that are not essential. - Steve Jobs.

Get rid of anything other than what was absolutely essential. Keep going back to

the beginning, again and again. Asks yourself Do I really need this part? Can I

get it to perform the function of the other four parts?

Focus by eliminating excess product lines and cut extraneous features in the new

operating system software that Apple is developing.

Simplicity and lack of distractions are keys to a great store, as they are to a

product. When technology enables something new, you must take advantage of

that as long as your remember the fundamental principles less is always

more, simpler is always better.

Sophistication comes from minimalism. Apple make progress by eliminating

things, and by removing the superfluous.

Apples voice simple, declarative, clean.

Motivation

The word motivation comes from the Latin verb movere, meaning to move. There are

two types of motivation extrinsic and intrinsic. Extrinsic motivation is based on the

idea that if you do this, then you will get that. In other words, extrinsic motivation is

based on an external reward that you will get once you will complete what you have to

do. Intrinsic motivation is based on the idea that the activity itself is the reward. Thus,

when you are intrinsically motivated, you do what you do because you enjoy it and not

because someone told you to do it or because you will get a reward for it. The

psychology behind Apples products is based on intrinsic motivation, which means that


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when Apple designs the product, one of the main questions that employees at Apple ask

is will I enjoy using this product myself? When many other companies, design a

product they focus on a different question how much profit will this product bring us?

An example of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation is the story behind Microsoft Zune.

When iPod came out in October 2001, it revolutionized the way people listen to music.

When Microsoft released Zune portable media player in November 2006, it was just

another clunky mp3 player that achieved a marketshare of less than 5% two years later

(4). Microsofts Zune was designed with profit in mind. Apples iPod was designed with

usability and joy in mind. The older I get, the more I see how much motivations matter.

The Zune was crappy because the people at Microsoft dont really love music or art the

way we do. We won because we personally love music. We made the iPod for

ourselves, and when youre doing something for yourself, or your best friend or family,

youre not going to cheese out. If you dont love something, youre not going to go the

extra mile, work the extra weekend, challenge the status quo as much - Steve Jobs.

What motivated Steve Jobs to keep moving forward:

Autonomy - the desire to direct our own lives;

Mastery - the urge to get better and better at something that matters;

Purpose - the yearning to do what we do in the service of something larger thanourselves;

Awareness of death a true understanding that your time is limited.

Steve Jobs was driven by his desire to create great products that he would enjoy using

himself rather than products that would just bring profit to Apple. Every time a new

product or software was released by Apple, it became better and better at helping

people enjoy using digital technology. Jobs always knew that there is a big difference

between using a product and enjoying using a product.

Another factor that drove Steve Jobs was his awareness of how little time he had left in

this life. In his own words Remembering that Ill be dead soon is the most important tool

Ive ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life. Because almost

everything, all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure,


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these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important.

Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of

thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to

follow your heart. - Steve Jobs

Walter Isaacson gives an example about ancient Rome when a victorious general

paraded through the streets, he was sometimes trailed by a servant whose job it was to

repeat to him, Memento mori: Remember you will die. This was a reminder of mortality

that helped the hero keep things in perspective, and not sink in pride (4).

When Steve Jobs had to take a medical leave due to his health problems, Tim Cook

gave an inspirational speech highlighting why Apple would continue to soar even with

Jobs absent. After hearing this speech, Jobs became emotionally wounded and deeply

depressed because it was not clear if Jobs would have to step down and become a

chairman rather than CEO. However, instead of continuing to be depressed, Jobs

became more motivated to get out of his bed, overcome the pain, and start taking his

restorative long walks again. Living with a disease like this, and all the pain, constantly

reminds you of your own mortality, and that can do strange things to your brain if youre

not careful. You dont make plans more than a year out, and thats bad. You need to

force yourself to plan as if you will live for many years. - Steve Jobs

One of the ways to recover for Steve Jobs was to start dreaming big even though life

ahead was short. He began to design, and then repeatedly redesign, a boat that he

wanted to build someday. When he got sick again in 2009, he almost canceled the

project but then realized that it is important to keeping moving forward even if the odds

of recovering were against him. I didnt think I would be alive when it got done, but that

made me so sad, and I decided that working on the design was fun to do, and maybe I

have a shot at being alive when its done. If I stop work on the boat and then I make it

alive for another two years, I would be really pissed. So Ive kept going. - Steve Jobs


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Think Different

The original sixty-second version Heres to the crazy ones. The misfits. The rebels. The

troublemakers. The round pegs in the square holes. The ones who see things

differently. Theyre not fond of rules. And they have no respect for the status quo. You

can quote them, disagree with them, glorify or vilify them. About the only thing you cant

do is ignore them. Because they change things. They push the human race forward.

And while some may see them as the crazy ones, we see genius. Because the people

who are crazy enough to think they can change the world are the ones who do.

Apple is a company that encourages people to think outside the box and use computers

to help people change the world. All of us need a hero in our life to help us get through

challenges and tough times in our life. Sometimes to Think Different we have to get

inspired by other people who thought differently and achieved something great in their

life. When Apple created one of the most memorable print campaigns in history, they


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featured a black-and-white portrait of an iconic historical figure with just the Apple logo

and the words Think Different in the corner.

Some of these people were Jobs favorite heroes such as Einstein, Gandhi, Lennon,

Dylan, Picasso, Edison, Chaplin, and King. All of these people were creative people

who had taken risks, overcame failure, and bet their careers on doing things in a

different way. Jobss idea was to encourage people to define themselves as

anticorporate, creative, innovative rebels simply by the digital product that they used.

Apple did not just create products, it created a lifestyle that inspired people to do great

things. The product you use sends a message about who you are. Think Different

means that you are able to think for yourself and make your own decisions without

falling into the status quo.

Purpose

Viktor Frankl once said that the will to meaning is the basic motivation of human life.

Human beings are not in pursuit of happiness, instead they search for reasons to be

happy (7). He also said that even in the worst case scenario when everything is taken

away from you, your attitude to make mental and spiritual choices remains constant.

Daniel Pink argues that in general, people are purpose maximizers and that there are

three pillars of purpose: doing something that matters; doing it well; and doing it in the

service of a cause larger than ourselves (8). Steve Jobs was a clear example of

implementation of all of these ideas into reality.

Jobs emphasized that you should never start a company with the goal of getting rich.

Your goal should be making something you believe in and making a company that will

last. His goal was never to beat the competition, or to make a lot of money. It was to do

the greatest thing possible, or even a little greater. He achieved this goal by making a

ding in the universe that will be remembered for a long time by many people around the

world.

When Jobs designed Apple computers, he did not care about processor speed or

memory as much as he cared about the creativity put into these computers. There was


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a point in history when Apple had business problems and they had forgotten who they

were as a company. Jobs resolved this problem by helping Apple remember who its

heroes were, why they did what they did, and what they have accomplished. Steve had

a way of motivating other people by looking at the bigger picture and helping people see

it in bright light. Like many great men whose gifts are extraordinary, hes not

extraordinary in every realm. He doesnt have social graces, such as putting himself in

other peoples shoes, but he cares deeply about empowering humankind, the

advancement of humankind, and putting the right tools in their hands - Laurene Powell

Jobs (Steve Jobss wife).

Steve Jobs on purpose in his own words

My passion has been to build an enduring company where people were motivated tomake great products. Everything else was secondary. Sure, it was great to make a

profit, because that was what allowed you to make great products. But the products, not

the profits, were the motivation. Sculley flipped these priorities to where the goal was to

make money. Its a subtle difference, but it ends up meaning everything: the people you

hire, who gets promoted, what you discuss in meetings. Some people say, Give the

customers what they want. But thats not my approach. Our job is to figure out what

theyre going to want before they do. I think Henry Ford once said, If Id asked

customers what they wanted, they would have told me, A faster horse! People dontknow what they want until you show it to them. Thats why I never rely on market

research. Our task is to read things that are not yet on the page.

Thats how you really make a contribution and add to the legacy of those who went

before. You build a company that will still stand for something a generation or two from

now. Thats what Walt Disney did, and Hewlett and Packard, and the people who built

Intel. They created a company to last, not just to make money. Thats what I want Apple

to be.

They kept evolving, moving, refining their art. Thats what Ive always tried to do - keep

moving. Otherwise, as Dylan says, if youre not busy being born, youre busy dying.


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What drove me? I think most creative people want to express appreciation for being

able to take advantage of the work thats been done by others before us. I didnt invent

the language or mathematics I use. I make little of my own food, none of my own

clothes. Everything I do depends on other members of our species and the shoulders

that we stand on. And a lot of us want to contribute something back to our species and

to add something to the flow. Its about trying to express something in the only way that

most of us know how, because we cant write Bob Dylan songs or Tom Stoppard plays.

We try to use the talents we do have to express our deep feelings, to show our

appreciation of all the contributions that came before us, and to add something to that

flow. Thats what has driven me. - Steve Jobs

Intuition from the futureThere is an interesting phenomenon and a theory in quantum physics, which suggest

that events n the future can affect what happened in the past (9). I have heard about

this theory in quantum physics, psychology, and spirituality. The basic idea is that your

possible future already exists and your intuition can pickup messages about your future

from the informational field that some people call noosphere, global consciousness, or

morphic fields. While reading Steve Jobs biography, I noticed two instances when Jobs

mentioned his awareness about his future death:

Jobs confided in Sculley that he believed he would die young, and therefore he needed

to accomplish things quickly so that he would make his mark on Silicon Valley history.

We all have a short period of time on this earth, he told the Sculleys as they sat around

the table that morning. We probably only have the opportunity to do a few things really

great and do them well. None of us has any idea how long were going to be here, nor

do I, but my feeling is Ive got to accomplish a lot of these things while Im young. (4).

Jobs told Egan, as he had a few other friends, about his premonition that he would not

live a long life. That was why he was driven and impatient, he confided. He felt a sense

of urgency about all he wanted to get done (4).

There are several possible revelations for these revelations about his future:


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Because he was a spiritual person who trusted his intuition, he was able to pick

up a signal from the informational field and understand its meaning.

Going back to the theory of life scenarios established during childhood, people

with I am not OK, you are OK are destined to suicide as the final outcome oftheir life. One such outcome is where these people work themselves to death,

which is what happened to Steve Jobs.

This was a self-fulfilling prophecy that Jobs created himself or was convinced by

someone else. His cancer problems were a result of his own reality distortion

field going out of conscious control.

These two stories are just a coincidence that have no relation to intuition. They

are just stories.

I cannot say which one of these theories is the right one, but based on what I know

about psychology, quantum physics, and spirituality, I tend to lean towards the first two

as they make the most sense to me.


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Immortality

In the not so distant future people will be able to achieve immortality by not wearing out.

Great visionaries achieve immortality simply by doing one great thing. Steve Jobs was

one of these great visionaries who created the Apple lifestyle. Thanks to Isaacsonsbiography book, I have learned a lot about the power of focus, the beauty of

minimalism, and the importance of having purpose in life. I think that one of the things

that Jobs was trying to achieve was to inspire all of us to do our own great thing.

Thank you Steve.

I hope that you enjoyed this article and learned something important.

If you want to learn more or if you want to:

Find your purpose in life

Identify your goals

Increase your motivation

Learn how to cope with problems

Learn more about life and yourself

Visit www.StarOverSky.com to discover more great content.
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http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/6546462/The-10-weirdest-physics-facts-from-relativity-to-quantum-physics.htmlhttp://www.forbes.com/sites/chunkamui/2011/11/15/the-danger-of-viewing-steve-jobs-as-a-tweaker/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/6546462/The-10-weirdest-physics-facts-from-relativity-to-quantum-physics.htmlhttp://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/6546462/The-10-weirdest-physics-facts-from-relativity-to-quantum-physics.htmlhttp://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/6546462/The-10-weirdest-physics-facts-from-relativity-to-quantum-physics.htmlhttp://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/6546462/The-10-weirdest-physics-facts-from-relativity-to-quantum-physics.htmlhttp://www.forbes.com/sites/chunkamui/2011/11/15/the-danger-of-viewing-steve-jobs-as-a-tweaker/http://www.forbes.com/sites/chunkamui/2011/11/15/the-danger-of-viewing-steve-jobs-as-a-tweaker/http://www.forbes.com/sites/chunkamui/2011/11/15/the-danger-of-viewing-steve-jobs-as-a-tweaker/http://www.forbes.com/sites/chunkamui/2011/11/15/the-danger-of-viewing-steve-jobs-as-a-tweaker/http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2011/11/14/111114fab14a7b8059d9c055954c92674ce60032factb14a7b8059d9c055954c92674ce60032gladwell#ixzz1dWL1p8dWhttp://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2011/11/14/111114fab14a7b8059d9c055954c92674ce60032factb14a7b8059d9c055954c92674ce60032gladwell#ixzz1dWL1p8dWhttp://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2011/11/14/111114fab14a7b8059d9c055954c92674ce60032factb14a7b8059d9c055954c92674ce60032gladwell#ixzz1dWL1p8dWhttp://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2011/11/14/111114fab14a7b8059d9c055954c92674ce60032factb14a7b8059d9c055954c92674ce60032gladwell#ixzz1dWL1p8dW

the psychology of steve jobs

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