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The Protestant Reformation

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Page 1: The Protestant Reformation. Christian Humanism “Northern Renaissance Humanism” Believed their views would reform the Church. Believed that in order to

The Protestant Reformation

Page 2: The Protestant Reformation. Christian Humanism “Northern Renaissance Humanism” Believed their views would reform the Church. Believed that in order to

Christian Humanism

• “Northern Renaissance Humanism”• Believed their views would reform the Church.• Believed that in order to change society they

had to change human beings first.• Desiderius Erasmus believed Christianity

should tell people how to live daily life. – Wrote The Praise of Folly• Discussed what aspects of society needed change.

Page 3: The Protestant Reformation. Christian Humanism “Northern Renaissance Humanism” Believed their views would reform the Church. Believed that in order to

Why the Need to Reform the Church?

• Corruption– Popes became too involved with Italian politics– Church officials used power to advance careers

and personal wealth• Priests neglected to fulfill duties.– Refused to give advice to church goers

• People began to search for Indulgences – – Release from all or part of punishment for sin

Page 4: The Protestant Reformation. Christian Humanism “Northern Renaissance Humanism” Believed their views would reform the Church. Believed that in order to

Review

• How did Erasmus pave the road for the Reformation?– He Criticized the abuses in the Church.

• Why were people disillusioned with the Catholic Church?– The clergy was corrupt. Parish Priests seemed

ignorant of their spiritual duties.

Page 5: The Protestant Reformation. Christian Humanism “Northern Renaissance Humanism” Believed their views would reform the Church. Believed that in order to

Martin Luther

• Monk and professor at University of Wittenberg– Discovered answer to the question of salvation• Man cannot do enough good acts to earn salvation.• Saved through faith NOT good works

– The Bible became his only source of religious truth

Page 6: The Protestant Reformation. Christian Humanism “Northern Renaissance Humanism” Believed their views would reform the Church. Believed that in order to

Ninety-Five Theses

• Luther upset with the sale of Indulgences– Sent document (Ninety-Five Theses) to his church

superiors. • Stated his discontent with Indulgences

• Pope Leo X did not take Luther seriously.– Claimed he was a drunken German.

Page 7: The Protestant Reformation. Christian Humanism “Northern Renaissance Humanism” Believed their views would reform the Church. Believed that in order to

A Break With the Church

• Luther wanted to overthrow the papacy in Germany and establish a reformed German Church

Page 8: The Protestant Reformation. Christian Humanism “Northern Renaissance Humanism” Believed their views would reform the Church. Believed that in order to

Luther’s Views

• Disliked Church’s System of Sacraments– Felt they destroyed the meaning of the gospel– Only kept Baptism and Eucharist (Communion)

• Believed faith alone brings salvation.

Page 9: The Protestant Reformation. Christian Humanism “Northern Renaissance Humanism” Believed their views would reform the Church. Believed that in order to

Luther and the Church

• Excommunicated in 1521• Summoned by Charles V to the city of Worms – Charles V believed he could change Luther• Luther refused to change his beliefs

– Edict of Worms stated Luther was an outlaw, his works were to be burned and himself put to death • Emperor refused and put Luther in hiding.

Page 10: The Protestant Reformation. Christian Humanism “Northern Renaissance Humanism” Believed their views would reform the Church. Believed that in order to

Lutheranism

• Luther’s religious movement flourished.– German rulers took over churches and supervised

them• Luther set up religious services.– Bible Readings– Preaching the word of God– Song

• Became known as Lutheranism– The First Protestant Faith

Page 11: The Protestant Reformation. Christian Humanism “Northern Renaissance Humanism” Believed their views would reform the Church. Believed that in order to

Luther’s Crisis

• German Peasants revolt against Lords– Request Luther to help their cause– Luther declares support of the Lords.

• Lords crushed the revolt– Leaving Luther dependent on the state for growth

of Lutheranism

Page 12: The Protestant Reformation. Christian Humanism “Northern Renaissance Humanism” Believed their views would reform the Church. Believed that in order to

Politics and Lutheranism

• Religious wars sparked throughout Charles V’s lands of the Roman Empire and Spain.

• Ending after almost 30 years with…• The Peace of Augsburg:– Accepted the division of Christianity in Germany• People could choose between Catholicism and

Lutheranism.