The Protestant The Protestant ReformationReformation

FOCUS QUESTIONFOCUS QUESTION What were three complaints people had What were three complaints people had

about the Roman Catholic Church in the about the Roman Catholic Church in the early 1500’s?early 1500’s?

Standard 7.9Standard 7.9

The ReformationThe ReformationWhy do you think that people would confuse Why do you think that people would confuse

this guy…this guy…

With this guy?With this guy?

You’ll find out!You’ll find out!

REFORMATIONREFORMATION What is the root word for Reformation?What is the root word for Reformation?

FORMFORM To shapeTo shape To beginTo begin To put togetherTo put together To createTo create

The Catholic Church was the first Christian The Catholic Church was the first Christian Church formed.Church formed.

What would REFORM mean?What would REFORM mean?

ReformReform Re- to do againRe- to do again To form againTo form again To change the form of something that To change the form of something that

already existsalready exists

Martin Luther wanted to change the form Martin Luther wanted to change the form of the Catholic Church to improve itof the Catholic Church to improve it..

The ReformationThe Reformation By the early 1500’s Renaissance ideas had By the early 1500’s Renaissance ideas had

caused many Europeans to view their lives caused many Europeans to view their lives with a more critical eye. They thought their with a more critical eye. They thought their lives could change for the better. One area lives could change for the better. One area that some people thought needed that some people thought needed improvement was religion.improvement was religion.

One person who felt strongly about One person who felt strongly about reform in the church was reform in the church was MartinMartin

LutherLuther. He started what would be . He started what would be known as “The Reformation”.known as “The Reformation”.

MARTIN LUTHER???MARTIN LUTHER??? Where have we heard that name before?Where have we heard that name before?

Dr. Martin Luther KingDr. Martin Luther King

Dr. Martin Luther KingDr. Martin Luther King Lived in the 1900’s.Lived in the 1900’s. Was a minister.Was a minister. Led the Civil Rights Movement in the Led the Civil Rights Movement in the

1950’s and 1960’s.1950’s and 1960’s.

Back to Martin Luther…Back to Martin Luther…

He Decided to Challenge the ChurchHe Decided to Challenge the Church

When I say the Church, I mean When I say the Church, I mean the only Christian church of the only Christian church of the time……………………….the time……………………….

What church was the only What church was the only Christian church of the time?Christian church of the time?

THE CATHOLIC CHURCHTHE CATHOLIC CHURCH

Headed by the _______________.Headed by the _______________.

What is the official title of person?What is the official title of person?

The ReformationThe Reformation

A reform A reform movement against movement against

the Roman the Roman Catholic ChurchCatholic Church

What didn’t he like?What didn’t he like?

People didn’t like the way the pope, priests, People didn’t like the way the pope, priests, and bishops were behaving. They didn’t and bishops were behaving. They didn’t behave in a religious manner.behave in a religious manner.

Priests and Bishops didn’t even know the Priests and Bishops didn’t even know the basic church teachings.basic church teachings.

The pope was too involved in politics and The pope was too involved in politics and was not committed to his churchly duties. was not committed to his churchly duties. The people didn’t like this.The people didn’t like this.

His main arguments:His main arguments: His main belief was that people could be His main belief was that people could be

saved in a religious sense through faith, and saved in a religious sense through faith, and faith alone.faith alone.

He believed that if a person believes in God He believed that if a person believes in God and follows the Bible, they could go to and follows the Bible, they could go to heaven there is no need for confession, heaven there is no need for confession, giving the church all your money, or doing giving the church all your money, or doing charity work.charity work.

He also didn’t believe in Indulgences.He also didn’t believe in Indulgences.

IndulgencesIndulgencesWhat is an Indulgence?What is an Indulgence?

IndulgenceIndulgence An indulgence is a document (a piece of An indulgence is a document (a piece of

paper signed by the pope) given by the pope paper signed by the pope) given by the pope to people; that excused that person for sins to people; that excused that person for sins that he or she had committed while they that he or she had committed while they were alive.were alive.

Why on Earth would a personWhy on Earth would a personpay good money for a Certificate pay good money for a Certificate

of Indulgence? of Indulgence?

An indulgence was supposed An indulgence was supposed to reduce the time a person to reduce the time a person

spent in purgatory.spent in purgatory.

Does anyone know what Does anyone know what purgatory is?purgatory is?

PurgatoryPurgatoryCatholics believe that Catholics believe that this is a place where your soul goes to in order to pay for your worldly sins before you can go to heaven. Depending on Depending on how much you sinned is how much you sinned is going to determine how long going to determine how long you will spend in purgatory.you will spend in purgatory.

The selling of IndulgencesThe selling of Indulgences

Indulgences were used Indulgences were used to pay bribes to the to pay bribes to the Emperor and his Emperor and his followers.followers.

EARTHLYLIFE

HEAVENHEAVEN

HELL

SOULS PURIFIEDBEFORE DEATH

SOULS NEEDINGPURIFICATION

SOULS WITHMORTAL SINS

PURGATORY

SOULS NOW PURIFIED

The Ninety-Five ThesesThe Ninety-Five Theses

This was a list of complaints that Martin Luther had against the

Catholic church.

How did Pope Leo X feel?How did Pope Leo X feel? The pope was very

upset about this; and threatened to have Martin Luther excommunicated from the church if he didn’t take back what he wrote.

Martin Luther is Martin Luther is excommunicatedexcommunicated

Martin Luther was called to a Martin Luther was called to a diet (a council of nobles and diet (a council of nobles and

church officials) he was labeled church officials) he was labeled a heretic and was a heretic and was

excommunicated. Martin excommunicated. Martin Luther had to go into hiding for Luther had to go into hiding for

a year, for fear he would be a year, for fear he would be killed. killed.

Martin Luther at the DietMartin Luther at the Diet

A separation in the churchA separation in the church Martin Luther caused the Catholic Church Martin Luther caused the Catholic Church

to split up.to split up. The followers of Martin Luther were known The followers of Martin Luther were known

as Protestants because they were protesting as Protestants because they were protesting against the Catholic church.against the Catholic church.

ProtestantsProtestants Those who sided with Luther and protested

the Catholic church were known as Protestants.

Martin’s contributions to Martin’s contributions to ProtestantismProtestantism

He translated the Bible into German from He translated the Bible into German from Latin.Latin.

He wrote hymns (songs praising God) that He wrote hymns (songs praising God) that still are sung today.still are sung today.

Pamphlets to help convert people to Pamphlets to help convert people to Protestantism.Protestantism.

He was also very anti-Semitic. This means He was also very anti-Semitic. This means he does not like Jewish people.he does not like Jewish people.

Luther’s complaints

againstthe

church

Bible only appearing

In Latin

The Pope was too

involved inpolitics

Lazy or corruptclergy

Theselling of

Indulgences

William TyndaleWilliam Tyndale An English reformer and professor who An English reformer and professor who

believed that people should be able to read believed that people should be able to read and interpret the Bible on their own. The and interpret the Bible on their own. The Catholic church believed that clergyman Catholic church believed that clergyman were the only ones who could read and were the only ones who could read and interpret the Bible.interpret the Bible.

John CalvinJohn Calvin He believed that God already knew who He believed that God already knew who

was going to be saved before they were was going to be saved before they were born.born.

This is called Predestination.This is called Predestination. People who followed John Calvin were People who followed John Calvin were

known as Calvinist.known as Calvinist. He believed that everyone should live a He believed that everyone should live a

good moral life.good moral life.

King Henry VIIIKing Henry VIII

He formed what was going to become known as the Anglican

church.

Why did he do this?Why did he do this? His wife couldn’t have anymore children and he His wife couldn’t have anymore children and he

wanted a son badly. He only had daughters.wanted a son badly. He only had daughters. He wanted a divorce and the pope wouldn’t give it He wanted a divorce and the pope wouldn’t give it

to him. In those days you couldn’t get a divorce.to him. In those days you couldn’t get a divorce. He decided to start his own church in 1534 and he He decided to start his own church in 1534 and he

would be the head of the new church, although would be the head of the new church, although things really didn’t change, just the name, and the things really didn’t change, just the name, and the head of the church.head of the church.

Henry VIII broke away from the Church so he Henry VIII broke away from the Church so he could remarry. He did not leave for any religious could remarry. He did not leave for any religious purposes it was for selfish purposes.purposes it was for selfish purposes.

PROTESTANT REFORMERSPROTESTANT REFORMERS

William TyndaleAn English Professor everyone should beable to read the Bibleexecuted for translating the Bibleinto English

John CalvinTaught PredestinationGod knew who would be saved even before they were born. It could not be changed – no matter how good or bad a person was.

King Henry VIIIStarted the Church of Englandbecause the Pope would not

allow him to divorce andremarry. (His wife couldn’t give him a son… at least he didn’t have her beheaded).

QuestionsQuestions Why did Martin Luther break away from Why did Martin Luther break away from

the church?the church? How did the Anglican church get started How did the Anglican church get started

and who started it?and who started it? What is the Ninety-Five Theses?What is the Ninety-Five Theses?

FOCUS QUESTIONFOCUS QUESTION What were three complaints people had What were three complaints people had

about the Roman Catholic Church in the about the Roman Catholic Church in the early 1500’s?early 1500’s?

Behavior of the clergyBehavior of the clergy Wealth of the churchWealth of the church Sale of indulgencesSale of indulgences