Slide 1

THE PROGRESSIVES Chapter 6

Slide 2

Turn of the Century Discrimination NNativists: saw immigrants as a threat, blamed immigrants for increases in crime and poverty and said they took American Jobs BBelieved all immigrants should pass a literacy test to see if they could read in English

Slide 3

Slide 4

PROGRESSIVISM

Slide 5

MUCKRAKERS

Slide 6

Jacob Riis Danish Immigrant Photographed the urban poor Wrote How the Other Half Lives to expose life of poor

Slide 7

REFORMING SOCIETY

Slide 8

CIVIL RIGHTS

Slide 9

REFORMING THE WORKPLACE PProgressives took up the cause of working women and child labor LLEGISLATION: 11912: Massachusetts created a Minimum Wage SSupreme Court Cases established 10-hour workdays

Slide 10

TRIANGLE SHIRTWAIST COMPANY FIRE OOPEN TO PAGE 173 LLOOK AT THE PICTURES AND DIAGRAMS

Slide 11

Primary vs. Secondary Sources

Slide 12

Analyzing a photograph vs. secondary source What is it of? What Action is happening? Who took the photograph? Why did they take the photograph? What do you think the photo is trying to say? Why was it created? What does it show? Describe the action Are there any words that clarify? Is the source trying to make you FEEL something? If so, WHY? PhotographSecondary Source

Slide 13

TRIANGLE SHIRTWAIST COMPANY FIRE OOPEN TO PAGE 173 LLOOK AT THE PICTURES AND DIAGRAMS RREAD THE INSETS 1. What was the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire? 2. What was the biggest obstacle preventing the workers escape from the fire? 3. Why was the fire so significant? SSTUDY GROUPS: compare answers with group

Slide 14

TRIANGLE SHIRTWAIST COMPANY FIRE AFTER: NYC passed the toughest fire-safety laws

Slide 15

REFORMING THE GOVERNMENT 11900: GALVESTON, TEXAS Massive Hurricane struck GGovernment couldnt cope 55 Member commision made up of experts in their fields took over 11918: More than 500 cities adopted the commision plan of city government

Slide 16

ELECTION REFORMS PProgressives wanted fairer elections WWanted to hold politicians accountable 117 th Amendment: gave voters, rather than state legislatures, the power to directly elect the U.S senators SSecret Ballots: All candidates on a single piece of paper BBefore: each political party printed its own ballot on colored paper

Slide 17

THREE OTHER REFORMS IINITIATIVE: Allows voters to put a proposed law on the ballot for public approval RREFERENDUM: allows citizens to place a recently passed law on a ballot, allowing voters to approve or reject the measure RRECALL: enables citizens to remove an elected official from office by calling for a special election

Slide 18

The Jungle Round Robin Read The Jungle as a group. Take turns reading out loud. SStop when you get to a word someone doesnt know CCircle the word SSee if someone in the group knows what it means AAnswer questions in notes IIndividually: CCollins Type II: Who is the muckraker? What were the problems he exposed What do you think needs to be done to fix it?

Slide 19

Opportunities for Women HHigher Education 1833: Oberlin College started admitting women 1870: 20% of college students were women MMiddle or Upper class women FFew Professional Opportunities AAmerican Medical Association didnt admit women until 1915 PPut education to use by joining Reform Movements

Slide 20

Job Opportunities Expand 11880s TTeachers, Nurses, caring professions BBookkeepers, typists, secretaries, shop clerks NNewspapers and Magazines began to hire WWorking class women found jobs in industry PPaid less than men EEmployers assumed the were supported by fathers, men supported families

Slide 21

Political Experience RRights of Children: end child labor, improve child health, promote education WWomans Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) OOrganized crusade against alcohol PProhibition: called for a ban on making, selling, and distributing alcoholic beverages BBelieved alcohol was responsible for: crime, poverty, violence against women and children

Slide 22

Carry Nation WWith an axe in one hand, and a Bible in the other, Nation would smash up saloons in Kansas and urge women to do the same 118 th Amendment: prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcoholic beverages

Slide 23

Read Great Debate- Prohibition IIn Study Groups assign one section to each person WWrite the reasons why prohibition should be passed (pro) or why it shouldnt be passed (con) on your work sheet SShare with your group mates WWrite a Collins Type II about why people wanted or didnt want prohibition

Slide 24

Well come back to that later! As For Women Rights

Slide 25

Theodore Roosevelt

Slide 26

The Square Deal

Slide 27

Teddy & Taft AAfter Theodore Roosevelt won in 1904, he vowed it would be his last term TTeddy endorsed his Secretary of War, William Taft for the 1908 election TTaft won!

Slide 28

Energetic crusader for reform Held expansive view of Presidential powers Easy going, cautious lawyer Did not agree with Roosevelts activism Teddy RooseveltWilliam Taft

Slide 29

Progressivism Under Taft

Slide 30

ROOSEVELT SOON REGRETTED HIS DECISION TO BACK TAFT AND SOON BECAME HIS ENEMY Taft completely twisted around the policies I advocated! --Teddy

Slide 31

ELECTION OF 1912

Slide 32

Who won? Wilson!

Slide 33

Wilsons New Freedom

Slide 34

Suffrage Movement NNot satisfied with the 15 th amendment told to wait NNational Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA) EElizabeth Cady Stanton & Susan B. Anthony CCampaigned to give women the vote and other issues like labor organizing cconstitutional amendment AAmerican Woman Suffrage Association (AWSA) HHenry Ward Beecher FFocused exclusively on winning the right to vote SState-by-state

Slide 35

Susan B. Anthony WWrote pamphlets, made speeches TTestified before every Congress 1869-1906 11872: Staged dramatic protest RRegistered to vote VVoted on election day AArrested for knowingly, wrongfully, and unlawfully voting for a representative of the Congress

Slide 36

At her trial Susan said: One-half of the people of this nation today are utterly powerless to blot from the statute books an unjust law, or to write there a new and a just one. The women, dissatisfied as they are with this form of government, that enforces taxation without representation that compels them to obey laws to which they have never given their consent that imprisons and hangs them without a trial by a jury of their peers, that robs them, in marriage, of the custody of their own persons, wages and children are this half of the people left wholly at the mercy of the other half, in direct violation of the spirit and letter of the declarations of the framers of this government, every one of which was based on the immutable principle of equal rights to all.

Slide 37

Verdict TThe judge refused Anthony to testify on her own behalf RRuled her guilty FFined her $100 AAnthony refused to pay the fine HHoped the judge would arrest her and create a case to be tried upward through the courts JJudge didnt arrest her, robbing her of an appeal SSupreme Court stated citizenship doesnt equal the right to vote, its up to the states

Slide 38

Anti Suffrage Movements VVoting would interfere with a womans duties at home DDestroy families WWomen did not have the education or experience to vote BBelieved women didnt want to vote LLiquor industry feared women would vote for Prohibition OOther businesses feared women would vote for regulations CChurch representatives argued families were led and represented by the men

Slide 39

Two Organizations Merge 11890 NNWSA and AWSA merged to become: NNational American Woman Suffrage Association EElizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony AAnthony died in 1906: Failure is Impossible!

Slide 40

Women gain the vote 11913 AALICE Paul and Lucy Burns broke away from NAWSA NNational Womans Party FFocused on passage of federal constitutional amendment UUsed tactics learned in Great Britain CChaining themselves to Whitehouse fence AArrested HHunger Strikes BBrought new attention to cause

Slide 41

19 th Amendment Women get the vote!