the progressive movement america at the turn of the century was at best a rough place technology...
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THE PROGRESSIVE MOVEMENT
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America at the turn of the century was at best a rough place
Technology and Industry grew at such a great rate that the government and most citizens were unprepared to deal with its effects
Philosophies like laissez-faire and Social Darwinism combined to create an America that cared little for the everyday man
1. PROGRESSIVISM AND MUCKRAKERS
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Eventually citizens, average people, arose to complain about these conditions and demand change.
The demand for change, or progress, was known as the Progressive Movement
Muckraker: journalists and photographers who brought reform issues to the public’s attention. (The term is a negative one) It’s based on a literary character, which was so busy cleaning and raking up the muck and dirt that he didn’t see the good things that were around him.
1. PROGRESSIVISM AND MUCKRAKERS
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Powerful monopolies Political corruption Labor unrest Abuse of natural resources Immigration problems Urban living conditions African American rights Women’s rights Many people and groups looked now for the national
government to fix the country’s problems
2. REASON FOR REFORM
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Clean Up Government The objective of the local and state governments was to
control the Bosses, who controlled local political power
Local government took over the control of public utilities and broke up monopolies like water and garbage
Robert LaFollette, a Senator and Governor who pushed for reforms in: civil service, shift tax burden to the wealthy and corporations, workers compensation and factory inspections and regulation of railroads.
3. GOALS OF THE PROGRESSIVES
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Clean Up Government Secret Ballots: to prevent the Bosses from knowing for whom or
what they voted
Initiative: voters petition legislatures to consider proposed laws
Referendum: voters consider if a law should be passed
Recall: petitions to force elected officials out of office
17th Amendment: direct elections of Senators (used to be done by state legislatures, which were influenced by political machines)
3. GOALS OF THE PROGRESSIVES
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Boss Tweed and Political Machines reading
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Protecting Consumer and Employee Safety Upton Sinclair: wrote the book, The Jungle which was about
the corruption of the American meatpacking industry.
Meat Inspection Act: government inspects meat for interstate trade
Pure Food and Drug Act: an act to regulate dishonest labeling of ingredients and strict sanitary conditions
3. GOALS OF THE PROGRESSIVES
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Read the excerpt from The Jungle and create the book cover (front and back)
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Protecting Consumer and Employee Safety Child labor: they received between 33-67 cents per week,
while an adult worker in Rhode Island earns between $2- $3 a week
Nearly a million kids working by 1900
3. GOALS OF THE PROGRESSIVES
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Protecting Consumer and Employee Safety Triangle Shirtwaist Company Fire in New York City on
March 25, 1911, was the largest industrial disaster in the history of the city of New York
Caused the death of 148 garment workers who either died from the fire or jumped to their deaths
3. GOALS OF THE PROGRESSIVES
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Show video of Triangle Shirtwaist Company Fire from Safari Montage
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Use any resource (phone, tablet, BOOK, notes) to define REFORM, PROGRESSIVE MOVEMENT, AND MUCKRAKERS.
Provide a visual for each.
BELLRINGER
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3. GOALS OF THE PROGRESSIVES
Women Make Progress Women’s right movement has been closely associated with
other movements such as Abolition, Prohibition & Civil Rights
Women were expected to be domestic housewives
Women were not able to hold public office or vote
Majority didn’t get a college education or have equal wages
Could not serve on juries and could not control their own money if married – a man could punish his wife as well
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3. GOALS OF THE PROGRESSIVES
Women Make Progress The 1800’s “Seneca Falls Convention” gave birth to the
Women’s rights movement, which was held in Seneca Falls, New York
Suffrage = means the right to vote
The Women’s Suffrage movement was led by Elizabeth Stanton, Susan B. Anthony and Lucretia Mott
1872: Susan B. Anthony led a group of women to the polls and was arrested for trying to vote
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Woman arrested
for trying to vote
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3. GOALS OF THE PROGRESSIVES
Women Make Progress Alice Paul
She was part of the National Women’s Party She caused dissension with her militant style Tried to get an Equal Rights Amendment
19th Amendment The Anti-Suffrage movement argued that voting would make women
masculine and they already have enough power World War I brought support to the women’s movement Women’s Suffrage Amendment was first introduced to Congress in
1878, the bill finally got passed in 1919 (40 years later)
19th Amendment – gave all citizens the right to vote and one cannot be denied on the account of sex.
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Use any resource (phone, tablet, BOOK, notes) to define and provide a visual for each:
DIRECT PRIMARYINITIATIVEREFERENDUMRECALL SETTLEMENT HOUSE
GRAB A TEXTBOOK WHEN COMPLETE.
BELLRINGER
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DIRECT PRIMARY - A preliminary election in which a party's candidates for public offi ce are nominated by direct vote of the people
INITIATIVE- A means through which any citizen or organization may gather a predetermined number of signatures to qualify a measure to be placed on a ballot, and to be voted upon in a future election.
REFERENDUM- In which a predetermined number of signatures (typically lower than the number required for an initiative) qualifies a ballot measure for repealing a specific act of the legislature.
RECALL- a procedure by which voters can remove an elected offi cial from offi ce through a direct vote before his or her term has ended.
SETTLEMENT HOUSE- is a neighborhood-based organization that provides services and activities designed to identify and reinforce the strengths of individuals, families and communities
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Use any resource (phone, tablet, BOOK, notes) to define what each amendment did:
16th amendment17th amendment18th amendment 19th amendment
WRITE IT IN ON THE BOTTOM
BELLRINGER
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16th amendment – income tax17th amendment – direct election of senators
18th amendment – prohibition of alcohol19th amendment – women’s suffrage
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Promoting Moral Improvements Temperance Movement
Composed of groups (women and religious) who opposed to the making and consuming of alcohol
Supported 18th Amendment (1919) prohibiting the manufacture, sale, and transport of alcoholic beverages
3. GOALS OF THE PROGRESSIVES
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ROBERT LA FOLLETTEProgressive Governor
Fought for reforms that expanded democracy, increased government effi ciency, and protected natural resources.
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IDA TARBELL
Click icon to add picture
Muckraker
Wrote – History of Standard Oi l Company to expose Rockefel ler
Lincoln Steff ens – Shame of Cit ies
Other Muckrakers:Jacob Ri is – “How the other…”
Upton Sinclair -
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FOOD INSPECTION
Hundreds of American soldiers died in Spanish American War from eating tainted meat.
Pure Food and Drug Act
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TEDDY ROOSEVELT Reputation of a “Trustbuster” breaking up monopol ies.
Government should regulate business and regulate irresponsible ones.
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NATIONAL WOMEN’S SUFFRAGE
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17 t h amendment – direct election of Senators
19 t h amendment – Women’s suff rage
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W.E.B. DU BOIS
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Most prominent leader of the National Associat ion for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
Fought against the concept that Afr ican Americans were infer ior.
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Use any resource (phone, tablet, BOOK, notes) to define:
Bull Moose PartyTenement
BELLRINGER