The Progressive The Progressive MovementMovement

What was the name of What was the name of the 20the 20thth century social century social

and political reform and political reform movement, which movement, which

occurred on every level occurred on every level of government in the of government in the

United States?United States?The Progressive The Progressive MovementMovement

What were three What were three causes of the causes of the Progressive Progressive Movement?Movement?

1) Excesses of Gilded 1) Excesses of Gilded AgeAge

2) Poor working 2) Poor working conditions of American conditions of American labor (workers)labor (workers)

3) Low standard of 3) Low standard of living of American laborliving of American labor

What did the What did the Progressives believe Progressives believe

should solve the should solve the problems created by problems created by

industrialization?industrialization?

The GovernmentThe Government

What were three What were three main goals of the main goals of the

Progressives?Progressives?

Government controlled Government controlled by the people instead of by the people instead of big business and special big business and special interestsinterests

Economic opportunity for Economic opportunity for all Americans all Americans

Eliminate social Eliminate social injusticesinjustices

How did the Progressives How did the Progressives hope to guarantee all hope to guarantee all Americans economic Americans economic

opportunity?opportunity?

Through government Through government regulation of businessregulation of business

What was the Gilded What was the Gilded Age?Age?

A period in the late A period in the late 1800s characterized by 1800s characterized by great wealth, great wealth, corruption, and corruption, and inequalityinequality

Who held almost all the Who held almost all the great wealth created in great wealth created in

America during America during the Gilded Age?the Gilded Age?

A small upper class of A small upper class of businessmen and industrialists businessmen and industrialists

Define the term Define the term industrialists.industrialists.

Factory ownersFactory owners

What is another name of What is another name of the Gilded Age?the Gilded Age?

The Age of the Robber The Age of the Robber BaronsBarons

Who were the robber Who were the robber barons?barons?

Members of the newly Members of the newly rich upper class who had rich upper class who had extravagant lifestylesextravagant lifestyles

What did the What did the extravagant lifestyle of extravagant lifestyle of the robber barons point the robber barons point

out?out?The severe difference in The severe difference in income between the income between the small, super rich upper small, super rich upper class and the average class and the average American familyAmerican family

Who were the Who were the Muckrakers?Muckrakers?

Progressive writers who Progressive writers who wrote about social and wrote about social and political evils in late political evils in late 1919thth and early 20 and early 20thth century America.century America.

Who were the two most Who were the two most famous Progressive famous Progressive

presidents?presidents?

Theodore RooseveltTheodore RooseveltWoodrow WilsonWoodrow Wilson

Which Progressive Which Progressive president was known president was known

for offering the for offering the American people a American people a

“Square Deal”?“Square Deal”?

Theodore RooseveltTheodore Roosevelt

What Progressive What Progressive president was known president was known for the New Freedom?for the New Freedom?

Woodrow WilsonWoodrow Wilson

Did both Republicans Did both Republicans and Democrats and Democrats

participate in the participate in the Progressive Movement?Progressive Movement?

YesYes

On what levels of On what levels of government were there government were there Progressive reforms?Progressive reforms?

FederalFederalLocalLocalStateState

What was one What was one Progressive Progressive

accomplishment on the accomplishment on the state level?state level?

Passed child labor lawsPassed child labor laws

Name 5 ways the Name 5 ways the Progressives tried to Progressives tried to

make government make government more democratic at more democratic at

the state level?the state level?

ReferendumReferendumInitiativeInitiativeRecallRecallSecret ballotSecret ballotPrimary electionsPrimary elections

By what process may By what process may citizens vote to approve citizens vote to approve

or reject a measure or reject a measure passed by a legislative passed by a legislative

body?body?

ReferendumReferendum

What process permits What process permits citizens to propose citizens to propose

laws to their state or laws to their state or local governments?local governments?

InitiativeInitiative

By what process may By what process may citizens vote to citizens vote to

remove government remove government officials from office officials from office before they have before they have

finished their terms?finished their terms?Recall electionRecall election

What reform did What reform did Progressives use to Progressives use to

protect voters’ privacy?protect voters’ privacy?

The secret ballotThe secret ballot

What does one call an What does one call an election in which election in which

voters nominate a voters nominate a political party’s political party’s

candidates for office?candidates for office?

Primary electionPrimary election

At what level of At what level of government were child government were child

labor laws an example of labor laws an example of a Progressive reform?a Progressive reform?

State governmentState government

WhatWhat type of reforms type of reforms were the 17were the 17thth and 19 and 19thth Amendment and the Amendment and the

Clayton Anti-Trust Act?Clayton Anti-Trust Act?

Progressive reforms on Progressive reforms on the federal or national the federal or national level.level.

What was the 17What was the 17thth Amendment?Amendment?

Direct election of United Direct election of United States senatorsStates senators

Who elected U.S. Who elected U.S. senators before senators before

ratification of the 17ratification of the 17thth Amendment?Amendment?

The State LegislaturesThe State Legislatures

What did the term What did the term “trust” mean during “trust” mean during

the late 19th and early the late 19th and early 2020thth centuries? centuries?

A business monopolyA business monopoly

What does the term What does the term monopoly mean?monopoly mean?

Absence of Absence of competitioncompetition

What does anti-trust What does anti-trust mean?mean?

Anti-monopolyAnti-monopoly

What did anti-trust laws What did anti-trust laws try to do?try to do?

Restore free competition Restore free competition to the American economyto the American economy

What was the major What was the major weakness in the weakness in the

Sherman Anti-Trust Sherman Anti-Trust Act?Act?

The wording was too The wording was too vague.vague.

What did the Clayton What did the Clayton Anti-Trust Act do?Anti-Trust Act do?

1) Outlawed price fixing1) Outlawed price fixing2) Exempted unions from 2) Exempted unions from the Sherman Anti-Trust Actthe Sherman Anti-Trust Act

In what two ways did In what two ways did Progressives try to Progressives try to

make local make local governments less governments less

corrupt, more efficient, corrupt, more efficient, and more responsive to and more responsive to

the people?the people?

Commission form of Commission form of city governmentcity government

Council/manager form Council/manager form of city governmentof city government

How does the How does the council/manager form council/manager form

of city government of city government work?work?

Voters elect a city Voters elect a city councilcouncil

City council hires a City council hires a professional manager professional manager to serve as the city’s to serve as the city’s administratoradministrator

What did Progressives What did Progressives want city government to want city government to

be?be?

EfficientEfficientBusinesslikeBusinesslike

What is another word What is another word for the right to vote?for the right to vote?

Suffrage Suffrage

During what war did the During what war did the women’s suffrage women’s suffrage

movement first encourage movement first encourage American women to enter American women to enter

the the labor force?labor force?

World War IWorld War I

Name a leader of the Name a leader of the Women’s Suffrage Women’s Suffrage

Movement.Movement.

Susan B. AnthonySusan B. Anthony

Which constitutional Which constitutional amendment gave amendment gave

women the right to women the right to vote?vote?

1919thth Amendment Amendment

What were three What were three Progressive reforms on the Progressive reforms on the federal or national level of federal or national level of

government?government?

1717thth Amendment Amendment1919thth Amendment AmendmentClayton Anti-Trust ActClayton Anti-Trust Act