the potential impact of climate change on fisheries and aquaculture in the asian region
TRANSCRIPT
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7/31/2019 The potential impact of climate change on fisheries and aquaculture in the Asian region
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RO^ ^YBCGEOXGAD 2>??!?:
Xmi ~axidxgoc gf~oex aj ecgfoxi
emodli ad jgumirgiu odh oqyoeycxyri
gd xmi Ougod rilgad
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Xmi ~axidxgoc gf~oex aj ecgfoxi emodli ad jgumirgiu odh
oqyoeycxyri gd xmi Ougod rilgad
RO^ ^YBCGEOXGAD 2>??!?:
JAAH ODH OLRGEYCXYRI ARLODGPOXGAD AJ XMI YDGXIH DOXGADU
RILGADOC AJJGEI JAR OUGO ODH XMI ^OEGJGEBODLKAK# 2>??
Lowoxmrg Urgukodxmod odh Ugfad Jydli&Ufgxm
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Xmi hiugldoxgadu if~cawih odh xmi ~riuidxoxgad aj foxirgoc gd xmgu gdjarfoxgad ~rahyex ha dax gf~cw
xmi i}~riuugad aj odw a~gdgad |moxuaizir ad xmi ~orx aj xmi Jaah odh Olrgeycxyri Arlodgpoxgad aj xmi
Ydgxih Doxgadu -JOA' eadeirdgdl xmi ciloc ar hizica~fidx uxoxyu aj odw eaydxrw# xirrgxarw# egxw ar orio
ar aj gxu oyxmargxgiu# ar eadeirdgdl xmi hicgfgxoxgad aj gxu jradxgiru ar baydhorgiu$ Xmi fidxgad aj u~iegjge
eaf~odgiu ar ~rahyexu aj fodyjoexyriru# |mixmir ar dax xmiui mozi biid ~oxidxih# haiu dax gf~cw xmoxxmiui mozi biid idharuih ar rieaffidhih bw JOA gd ~rijiridei xa axmiru aj o ugfgcor doxyri xmox ori
dax fidxgadih$
GUBD 7:7=>&:
Occ rglmxu riuirzih$ Ri~rahyexgad odh hguuifgdoxgad aj foxirgoc gd xmgu gdjarfoxgad ~rahyex jar
ihyeoxgadoc ar axmir dad&eaffiregoc ~yr~auiu ori oyxmargpih |gxmayx odw ~rgar |rgxxid ~irfguugad jraf
xmi ea~wrglmx machiru ~razghih xmi uayrei gu jyccw oekda|cihlih$ Ri~rahyexgad aj foxirgoc gd xmgu
gdjarfoxgad ~rahyex jar riuoci ar axmir eaffiregoc ~yr~auiu gu ~ramgbgxih |gxmayx |rgxxid ~irfguugad
aj xmi ea~wrglmx machiru$ O~~cgeoxgadu jar uyem ~irfguugad umaych bi ohhriuuih xa0
Emgij
Iciexradge ^ybcgumgdl ^acgew odh Uy~~arx Brodem
Eaffydgeoxgad Hgzgugad
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ar bw i&fogc xa0
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Jar ea~giu ~cioui |rgxi xa0
Xmi Uidgar Jgumirw Ajjgeir
JOA Rilgadoc Ajjgei jar Ougo odh xmi ^oegjge
Focg|od Fodugad# 57 ^mro Oxmgx Raoh
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Jar bgbcgalro~mge ~yr~auiu# ~cioui rijiridei xmgu ~ybcgeoxgad ou0
Urgukodxmod# L$ * Jydli&Ufgxm# U$ @$ -2>??'$ Xmi ~axidxgoc gf~oex aj ecgfoxi emodli ad jgumirgiu
odh oqyoeycxyri gd xmi Ougod rilgad$ JOA Rilgadoc Ajjgei jar Ougo odh xmi ^oegjge# Bodlkak# Xmogcodh$
RO^ ^ybcgeoxgad 2>??!?:# 8? ~~$
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Jari|arh
Xmi 5?ux Uiuugad aj xmi Ougo&^oegjge Jgumirw Eaffguugad -O^JGE'# eadzidih gd @i`y# Ri~ybcge aj Kario gd
Ui~xifbir 2>?># if~mougpih xmox oho~xoxgad odh fgxgloxgad aj xmi gf~oexu aj ecgfoxi emodli ricoxih
xa jgumirgiu odh oqyoeycxyri gu od gf~arxodx emoccidli jar xmi rilgad$ Xmi uiuugad rieaffidhih xmoxO^JGE umaych rizgi| xmi ijjiexu aj ecgfoxi emodli ad jgumirgiu odh oqyoeycxyri gd xmi rilgad odh ~razghi
ohzgei xa fifbir eaydxrgiu ad uxroxilge ~coddgdl jar oho~xoxgad odh fgxgloxgad fiouyriu jar xmi uiexar$
Xmgu rizgi| |ou eaffguugadih gd uy~~arx aj xmi |arkuma~ Gf~cgeoxgadu aj ecgfoxi emodli ad jgumirgiu odh
oqyoeycxyri0 emoccidliu jar oho~xoxgad odh fgxgloxgad gd xmi Ougo&^oegjge rilgad# |mgem xaak ~coei jraf
28 xa 2: Fow 2>?> gd Koxmfodhy# Di~oc arlodgpih bw xmi Ougo&^oegjge Jgumirw Eaffguugad -O^JGE' gd
eaccobaroxgad |gxm xmi Hgriexaroxi aj Jgumirgiu Hizica~fidx aj xmi Lazirdfidx aj Di~oc$ Uy~~arx jar
xmi |arkuma~ |ou ~razghih bw xmi Rilgadoc Jgumirgiu Cgzicgmaahu ^ralroffi jar Uayxm odh Uayxmioux
Ougo -RJC^' odh xmi Bow aj Bidloc Corli Forgdi Ieauwuxif ^ralroffi -BABCFI'$
Jgumirgiu odh oqyoeycxyri gd Ougo ~razghi eadughirobci xrohi# if~cawfidx odh jaah uieyrgxw odh uafi
aj xmi hiduiux ryroc ~a~ycoxgadu aj xmi |arch ori jaydh ad eaouxcgdiu odh jcaah~cogdu aj xmi rilgad$
Gf~oexu jraf ecgfoxi emodli uyem ou gderiougdl aeiod oeghgjgeoxgad# umgjxgdl jgum hguxrgbyxgadu odh fari
jriqyidx ewecadiu fow gderioui xmi diloxgzi gf~oexu ad eo~xyri jgumirgiu |mgem ori ocriohw ox xmigr cgfgxu
xmraylm azir i}~cagxoxgad# eaouxoc hilrohoxgad odh ~accyxgad$ ^rahyexgzgxw odh zgobgcgxw gd oqyoeycxyri
a~iroxgadu ori ocua i}~iexih xa bi diloxgzicw gf~oexih bw joexaru gdecyhgdl mglmir uio |oxir cizicu#
jcaahgdl# gderiouih eaf~ixgxgad jar |oxir riuayreiu odh hguioui aeeyrridei ~oxxirdu$
Ecgfoxi emodli gu i}~iexih xa eadxrgbyxi xa gderiougdl hgury~xgadu xa oqyoxge odh eaouxoc uwuxifu y~ad
|mgem fodw fgccgadu aj Ougod ~ia~ci hi~idh odh gx gu zgxoc xmox lazirdfidxu gd xmi rilgad ydhiruxodh
xmi rguku# ghidxgjw zycdirobci uwuxifu odh hizica~ oho~xgzi uxroxilgiu$ Gderiouih ~acgew oxxidxgad odh
jgdodegoc riuayreiu jar ecgfoxi emodli oho~xoxgad odh fgxgloxgad gd xmi jgumirgiu!oqyoeycxyri uiexar ori
yrlidxcw diihih; odh xmi forgdi jgumirw odh oqyoeycxyri uiexaru diih xa bi ecauicw gdxilroxih gdxa
doxgadoc ecgfoxi emodli ~acgegiu$ Gx gu xmirijari iuuidxgoc xmox xmi gdxiroexgadu bix|iid eo~xyri jgumirgiu
odh oqyoeycxyri# ocadl |gxm axmir uiexaru uyem ou olrgeycxyri odh hguouxir fodolifidx ori gdxilroxih
gdxa xmi ~acgew ~coddgdl ~raeiuuiu$
Hiu~gxi xmi gderiougdl lcaboc oxxidxgad ad ecgfoxi emodli odh ~ra`iexgadu aj xmigr cgkicw ijjiexu# xmiri
rifogd uirgayu lo~u gd eaziroli ricoxgdl xa xmi xra~geoc rilgadu aj Ougo odh ~orxgeycorcw xmi jgumirw odh
oqyoeycxyri uiexaru$ Xmgu lrioxcw eaduxrogdu hgocalyiu odh ijjiexgzi ~coddgdl jar xmiui gf~arxodx uiexaru
gd xmi rilgad$ Xmgu rilgadoc rizgi| gu gdxidhih xa ~razghi o ~ricgfgdorw gduglmx gdxa xmi eyrridx uxoxi aj
kda|cihli odh gdhgeoxi uafi cgkicw gf~cgeoxgadu jar xmi rilgad$
Mgrawykg Kadyfo
Ouuguxodx Hgriexar&Lidiroc odh
Rilgadoc Ri~riuidxoxgzi jar Ougo odh xmi ^oegjge
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Eadxidxu
^oli
Jari|arh $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ ggg
Gdxrahyexgad $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ ?
Od azirzgi| aj ecgfoxi emodli $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 5
Od izir&umgjxgdl ecgfoxi $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 5
Xmi gf~arxodei aj eorbad hga}ghi -EA2' gd ~oux lcaboc xif~iroxyri emodliu $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 5
Xmi ecgfoxi gu eyrridxcw emodlgdl $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 5
Myfod oexgzgxw gu eadxrgbyxgdl xa xmgu emodli $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 5
Xmi raci aj jiihboek fiemodgufu $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 8
^ra`iexgdl emodliu $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 9
Fogd lcaboc gf~oexu aj ecgfoxi emodli$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ :
Xmi gf~oex aj ecgfoxi emodli ad jgumirgiu odh oqyoeycxyri ~rahyexgad uwuxifu $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Aeiodu# eaouxoc padiu odh uio&cizic rgui$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 2>
Miocxm&ricoxih rguku $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 2?
Olrgeycxyri odh jaah ~rahyexgad $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 22
Gf~oex aj ~ra`iexih emodliu ad cgzicgmaahu odh ieadafgiu gd Ougo $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 25
Zycdirobgcgxw aj jgumirgiu odh oqyoeycxyri&hi~idhidx eaffydgxgiu $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 25
Ydhiruxodhgdl lialro~mgeoc ~oxxirdu aj zycdirobgcgxw gd xmi rilgad $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 29Xmi cgdk bix|iid ~oxxirdu aj uaega&ieadafge hi~idhidei odh zycdirobgcgxw $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 29
Zycdirobgcgxw aj rgzir bougdu $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 2
Oho~xoxgad xmraylm gf~razih lazirdodei$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 5?
Gdxilroxgad aj jgumirgiu odh oqyoeycxyri gd lidiroc ecgfoxi emodli oho~xoxgad odh
riu~adui gdgxgoxgziu $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 52
Oho~xoxgad xmraylm cgzicgmaah hgzirugjgeoxgad$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 55
Oho~xoxgad xmraylm rihyexgad aj zycdirobgcgxw0 o da&rilrix uxroxilw $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 55
Oho~xgdl xa ~augxgzi a~~arxydgxgiu ~riuidxih bw ecgfoxi emodli $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 55
Hgzirugjgeoxgad aj oqyoeycxyri ~rahyexgad $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 58Fodolifidx aj eo~xyri jgumirgiu uxaeku gd riu~adui xa ecgfoxi emodli odh eoxem
hiecgdiu $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 58
Ieadafge odh forkix hgzirugjgeoxgad $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 58
Gduyrodei jar xmi jgumirgiu odh oqyoeycxyri uiexar $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 58
Xiemdacalgeoc o~~raoemiu xa oho~xoxgad gd xmi oqyoeycxyri uiexar $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 59
Jgumirgiu odh oqyoeycxyri eadxrgbyxgad xa ecgfoxi emodli fgxgloxgad $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 59
Gf~oexu aj axmir uiexaru fgxgloxgad odh oho~xoxgad ad jgumirgiu odh oqyoeycxyri $$$$$ 5>5'$ Ma|izir# i}guxgdl forgdi odh gdcodh eo~xyri jgumirgiu uxaeku ori xmrioxidih bw
aziri}~cagxoxgad odh ~aar fodolifidx; >='$ Uxyhgiu iuxgfoxi xmox xmi bgafouuiu aj eaouxoc jgumirw
riuayreiu gd Uayxm odh Uayxmioux Ougo ori bix|iid 9 xa 5> ~ireidx aj xmigr ~ri&jgumirgiu i}~odugad cizicu
-Ugcziuxri ix oc$ 2>>5'$ Xmi oqyoeycxyri gdhyuxrw gu ro~ghcw jgccgdl xmgu zoeyyf odh eyrridxcw ~rahyeiu `yux
ydhir mocj xmi |archu jgumirw ~rahyexu$ Ougou uxoki gd xmgu gdhyuxrw gu hgu~ra~arxgadoxicw mglm; xmi rilgadu
umori aj oqyoeycxyri ~rahyexgad# |mid xokgdl gdxa oeeaydx oqyoxge ~codx ~rahyexgad# gu obayx 7> ~ireidx
gd zacyfi odh => ~ireidx gd zocyi -JOA 2>>=o' odh ecaui xa :9 ~ireidx aj oqyoeycxyri ~rahyexgad gu
ugxyoxih gd gdcodh oriou# eadeidxroxih fauxcw gd xmi xra~geoc odh uybxra~geoc rilgadu aj Ougo -Hi Ugczo odh
Uaxa 2>>7'$
Odw ohzirui gf~oexu xa xmi jgumirgiu uiexar gd Ougo |gcc xmirijari mozi gf~cgeoxgadu jar xmi rilgadu
ieadafge hizica~fidx# jar ~azirxw rihyexgad# odh jar lcaboc ou |icc ou rilgadoc jaah uieyrgxw$
Xmiri gu da| o eadughirobci# erihgbci bahw aj izghidei xmox myfod gdhyeih ecgfoxi emodli gu aeeyrrgdl#
ciohgdl xa emodliu gd xmi iorxmu jydhofidxoc ~mwugeoc# emifgeoc odh bgacalgeoc ~raeiuuiu -G^EE 2>>>?>'$ Xmiri gu o ~auugbgcgxw xmox uca|ir ~raeiuuiu# uyem ou rgugdl uio cizicu odh lrohyoc umgjxu gd
olrgeycxyroc odh jgumirgiu ricoxih ~rahyexgad uwuxifu fow bi gldarih# izid gj ~coddgdl omioh jar xmiui
emodliu |gcc ycxgfoxicw gderioui xmi emodeiu aj ea~gdl |gxm diloxgzi gf~oexu$
Eirxogd jydhofidxoc qyiuxgadu ad xmi jyxyri obgcgxw aj xmi jgumirgiu uiexar xa ~razghi `abu# eadxrgbyxi xadoxgadoc ieadafgiu odh ~razghi jaah uieyrgxw gd o ecgfoxi emodli ojjiexih jyxyri eyrridxcw rifogd
Xmi gf~oexu aj ecgfoxi emodli ori
cgkicw xa bi jor jraf ydgjarf odh gx
gu i}~iexih xmox xmi Ougod rilgad
|gcc joei zirw u~iegjge odh caeoccw
zorgobci emoccidliu$
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ydodu|irih$ Gd xmi obuidei aj odw uxroxilge gdxirzidxgad xmi |archu ~a~ycoxgad gu ~ra`iexih xa rioem
7 bgccgad bw 2>9>; xmi fo`argxw aj xmgu ~a~ycoxgad lra|xm |gcc aeeyr gd Ougo$
Ma| |gcc jaah uieyrgxw bi fix jar od gderiougdl dyfbir aj ~ia~ci lgzid occ aj xmi obazi
emoccidliu1
Ma| |gcc xmi jgumirgiu uiexar jgx gdxa o ecgfoxi emodli ocxirih uaega&ieadafge codhueo~i
-i$l$ lgzid od ocxirih olrgeycxyroc boui odh jrium|oxir ozogcobgcgxw' gd Ougo gd xmi dior odhhguxodx jyxyri1
Ma| umaych Ougod doxgadu xoki uxi~u xa fgxgloxi gf~oexu xa xmi uiexar ou |icc ou oho~x xa
gdizgxobci emodliu1
Ou o uiexar mglmcw hi~idhidx ad doxyroc riuayreiu odh |gxm o mglm uidugxgzgxw xa idzgradfidxoc zorgobciu#
xmi ~axidxgoc gf~oex aj ecgfoxi emodli ad xmi jgumirgiu uiexar umaych bi aj lriox eadeird xa ~acgew&
fokiru gd xmi rilgad$ Ecgfoxi emodli gu cgkicw xa mozi jyrxmir diloxgzi gf~oexu ad eo~xyri jgumirgiu
uwuxifu ocriohw uxriuuih bw aziri}~cagxoxgad odh ~accyxgad$ Gx gu ocua cgkicw xa gf~oex xmi ~rahyexgzgxw odh
zgobgcgxw aj oqyoeycxyri a~iroxgadu oerauu xmi rilgad$ Ecgfoxi emodli |gcc mozi ~rajaydh eaduiqyideiu
ad ricoxih uiexaru uyem ou olrgeycxyri# |oxir fodolifidx odh eaouxoc hizica~fidx# |mgem |gcc mozi
ouuaegoxih gdjcyideiu ad xmi jgumirgiu uiexar$
Ydhiruxodhgdl xmi emoccidliu odh a~~arxydgxgiu xmox ecgfoxi emodli |gcc ~aui xa xmi jgumirgiu uiexar gd
xmi Ougod rilgad |gcc bi eryegoc gj lazirdfidxu ma~i xa fgdgfgpi diloxgzi gf~oexu odh byjjir xmi
gf~oexu aj ecgfoxi emodli ad uafi aj xmi faux zycdirobci uiexgadu aj uaegixw xmox ori hi~idhidx ad
xmgu uiexar$ Xmgu haeyfidx i}ofgdiu xmi ugldgjgeodei aj ecgfoxi emodli jar xmi jgumirgiu uiexar gd Ougo
odh rizgi|u |mox uxi~u eaych bi xokid xa fgdgfgpi diloxgzi gf~oexu ou |icc ou eo~gxocgpi ad ~axidxgoc
a~~arxydgxgiu$ Hro|gdl jraf xmi ozogcobci cgxiroxyri uafi eadecyugadu ori hro|d rilorhgdl xmi0
gf~oex aj ecgfoxi emodli ad Ougo;
gf~cgeoxgadu aj xmgu xa xmi jgumirgiu uiexar gd Ougo;
ugldgjgeodei aj xmiui jgdhgdlu xa ~acgew fokiru; odh kgdh aj oexgad xmox umaych bi xokid xa riu~adh xa ~axidxgoc emoccidliu odh a~~arxydgxgiu$
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Od azirzgi| aj ecgfoxi emodli
Xmgu uiexgad ~razghiu o zirw brgij azirzgi| aj eyrridx xmiargiu ad odxmra~alidge ecgfoxi emodli$?
Od izir&umgjxgdl ecgfoxi
Xmi iorxmu ecgfoxi mou auegccoxih lrioxcw xmraylm xmi fgcciddgo$ Hyrgdl xmi xgfi aj xmi hgdauoyru
-292 xa :9 fgccgad wioru ola' xmi iorxm |ou ugldgjgeodxcw |orfir xmod gx gu xahow# ma|izir# `yux 2> >>> wioru
ola o lcoegoc ecgfoxi ~rizogcih |gxm fyem aj Darxm Ofirgeo odh Ueodhgdozgo eazirih gd gei umiixu$ Axmir
xmod |orfgdl ad liacalgeoccw ugldgjgeodx xgfiueociu aj xmayuodhu odh fgccgadu aj wioru# xmiri
mou ocua biid doxyroc |orfgdl gd eirxogd oriou |gxmgd xmi coux ji| eidxyrgiu$ Jar gduxodei# Iyra~i
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xmaylmx xa bi eoyuih bw doxyroc joexaru# uyem ou zaceodge iry~xgadu odh emodliu gd uacor ayx~yx roxmir
xmod myfod oexgzgxw$ Jyrxmirfari# xmiui fari rieidx emodliu |iri eadjgdih xa u~iegjge rilgadu$ Eyrridx
gderiouiu gd xif~iroxyri ori lcaboc# |gxm izirw rilgad ad xmi ~codix i}~irgidegdl |orfgdl odh eyrridx
cizicu aj |orfgdl o~~ior xa i}eiih xmiui dior&rieidx ~rieihidxu$
Xmi gf~arxodei aj eorbad hga}ghi -EA2' gd ~oux lcaboc xif~iroxyri emodliu
Liacalgeoc uxyhgiu rizioc xmox xmi iorxmu ecgfoxi mou zorgih |ghicw azir xmi coux ji| mydhrih fgccgad
wioru odh xmiui emodliu o~~ior xa mozi biid oeeaf~odgih bw ecior emodliu gd oxfau~mirge EA2
cizicu$
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cizicu eod bi hihyeih jraf xmi
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aj ~acor gei umiixu xmox oex ou rijciexgzi uyrjoeiu# ~razghgdl i}xro eaacgdl odh diloxgdl xmi gf~oex aj
gderiouih oxfau~mirge EA2' mozi ocua biid gf~arxodx gd hixirfgdgdl ecgfoxi$
Xmi ecgfoxi gu eyrridxcw emodlgdl
Ou riearhu aj uyrjoei ogr xif~iroxyriu mozi biid riearhih azir fyem
aj xmi |arch azir xmi coux ?9> wioru# gx gu ~auugbci xa eoceycoxi lcaboc
oziroliu$ Xmiui riearhu gdhgeoxi xmox uyrjoei ogr odh uio xif~iroxyriu
mozi gderiouih odh xmox xmi roxi aj |orfgdl mou oeeiciroxih gd xmi
coux ji| hieohiu$ Xmi roxi aj |orfgdl hyrgdl xmi x|idxgixm eidxyrw
|ou ciuu xmod >$?E ~ir hieohi; xmgu mou ocfaux haybcih xa obayx
>$2E ~ir hieohi$ Xmi oziroli xif~iroxyri aj xmi |arch mou
gderiouih jraf ?5$9E xa ?8$9E ugdei xmi bilgddgdl aj xmi x|idxgixm
eidxyrw$2
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xmi uyd# zaceodge iry~xgadu# ar doxyroc eweciu uyem ou Ic Dga$ Ma|izir# xmraylm odocwugdl xmi ~auugbci
gf~oexu aj xmiui doxyroc joexaru odh eaf~orgdl xmi oexyoc abuirzih emodliu gd xmi ecgfoxi# gx gu ~auugbci
xa abxogd od gdhgeoxgad aj ma| fyem myfod oexgzgxw gu eadxrgbyxgdl xa ecgfoxi emodli$
? Ydciuu axmir|gui uxoxih# xmi foxirgoc jar xmgu gdxrahyexarw uiexgad gu xokid idxgricw jraf xmi eaf~rimidugzi lyghi xa ecgfoxi
emodli hizica~ih bw Fodd odh Kyf~ -2>>='$ Ou od oyxmargxoxgzi uyfforw aj ecgfoxi emodli uegidei odh xmi jgdhgdlu aj xmi
G^EE# gx |ou jicx xmox xmgu ~razghih xmi biux# eaf~rimidugzi uegidxgjge gdxrahyexgad xa ecgfoxi emodli jar xmi ~yr~aui aj xmgu ~o~ir$2
Daxi0 Xmi rgui gd oziroli xif~iroxyriu eoddax bi oxxrgbyxih xa xmi gderiouih idirlw yxgcgpoxgad xmox oeeaf~odgiu yrbodgpoxgadou -o' eoceycoxgadu ori fohi oh`yuxgdl jar ~axidxgoc yrbod bgou; odh -b' xmi uofi ~oxxird gu abuirzih izid gj adcw ryroc oriou ori
xokid gdxa eadughiroxgad$
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G^EE -2>>
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8
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aj myfod oexgzgxgiu$ Xmi G^EEu jayrxm ouuiuufidx ri~arx gd 2>>< eadecyhih xmox odxmra~alidge |orfgdl
mou biid ugldgjgeodx gd izirw eadxgdidx i}ei~x jar Odxorexgeo -G^EE 2>>>> ~~f xmgu i}eiihu odwxmgdl i}~irgideih gd azir
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5 O dyfbir aj ifgdidx uegidxguxu ori eoccgdl jar o rizgugad aj xmi fo}gfyf xa 59> ~~f# gdecyhgdl xmi ifgdidx ecgfoxi uegidxgux
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7/31/2019 The potential impact of climate change on fisheries and aquaculture in the Asian region
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9
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7/31/2019 The potential impact of climate change on fisheries and aquaculture in the Asian region
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7/31/2019 The potential impact of climate change on fisheries and aquaculture in the Asian region
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7/31/2019 The potential impact of climate change on fisheries and aquaculture in the Asian region
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7/31/2019 The potential impact of climate change on fisheries and aquaculture in the Asian region
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7/31/2019 The potential impact of climate change on fisheries and aquaculture in the Asian region
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7/31/2019 The potential impact of climate change on fisheries and aquaculture in the Asian region
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^irrw 2>>7'$ Gx umaych bi daxih xmox xmiri fow bi uafi ~augxgzi bidijgxu xa mobgxox umgjxu gd uafi
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7/31/2019 The potential impact of climate change on fisheries and aquaculture in the Asian region
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o eadughirobci diloxgzi gf~oex ad oqyoeycxyri a~iroxgadu -Borodli odh ^irrw 2>>7'$ \orfir
xif~iroxyriu fow ocua riuycx gd xmi gderiouih jriqyidew aj hguioui# dad&doxgzi u~iegiu gdzougadu odh
morfjyc ocloc bcaafu -Borodli odh ^irrw 2>>7# Hi Ugczo odh Uaxa 2>>7# Modhwughi ix oc$ 2>>:# Iouxircgdl
ix oc$ 2>>>7# JOA 2>>=b'$
Eoli eycxyri forgdi oqyoeycxyri |gcc diih xa eadxidh |gxm i}xrifi izidxu# riqygrgdl di| xiemdacalw$
Uio&cizic rgui gd ca|&cwgdl eaouxoc oriou |miri o corli ~ra~arxgad aj oqyoeycxyri gu eadhyexih -i$l$ hicxogeoriou' fow riuycx gd a~iroxgadu mozgdl xa fazi gdcodh# xmyu eaf~ixgdl jar u~oei |gxm i}guxgdl codh&bouih
oexgzgxgiu$ Oqyoeycxyri a~iroxgadu ori cgkicw xa bieafi fari zycdirobci xa i}xrifi ecgfoxge izidxu$ Gd
xra~geoc odh uybxra~geoc Ougo fodw oqyoeycxyri a~iroxgadu ori ufocc&ueoci odh ecyuxirih xalixmir gd
lialro~mgeoc oriou xmox ori zgobci jar oqyoeycxyri# byx i}xrifi izidxu# gdecyhgdl jcaahgdl# ori cgkicw xa
gf~oex xmi cgzicgmaahu aj fodw mayuimachu -Hi Ugczo odh Uaxa 2>>7# Eryp ix oc$ 2>>>
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|oxir bix|iid xmi jgumirgiu odh olrgeycxyri uiexaru ocriohw ciohu xa eadjcgexu bix|iid yuir lray~u$ Ugfgcor
eadjcgexu orgui rilorhgdl xmi hgzirugad aj jrium |oxir jar |oxir&xmgruxw gdhyuxrgiu# uyem ou mwhraiciexrge
~a|ir lidiroxgad$
Hgzirugadu eod bi gf~cifidxih ad o myli ueoci# eaf~cixicw ocxirgdl |oxir uwuxifu$ Jar gduxodei# |oxir
fodolifidx ~acgegiu hrgzid bw o rodli aj diihu gd Gdhgo odh Bodlcohium ori riu~adugbci jar od
iuxgfoxih :> ~ireidx aj xmi Lodliu Rgziru |oxir jca| bigdl obuxroexih -^owdi 2>>>'$ Ecgfoxi emodli gu
cgkicw xa cioh xa gderiouih |oxir uxriuu jar rgzir bougdu gd Ougo # jyrxmir gdxidugjwgdl eaf~ixgxgad jar |oxir
-Eryp ix oc$ 2>>>>= u~gki gd jaah ~rgeiu
fow fork xmi bilgddgdl aj o ~oxxird aj rgugdl odh zacoxgci jaah ~rgeiu
hrgzid bw lra|gdl hifodh jraf ro~ghcw hizica~gdl eaydxrgiu odh
eaf~ixgxgad jraf xmi bgajyic gdhyuxrw -Emorciu ix oc$ 2>?>'$ Xmi diih
xa yxgcgpi olrgeycxyroc codh ijjgegidxcw fow riuycx gd caeoc&ciziceaf~ixgxgad jar codh gd uafi oriou# xmaylm xmi rihyeih zgobgcgxw aj olrgeycxyroc codh gd axmir oriou fow
oexyoccw ~riuidx a~~arxydgxgiu jar oqyoeycxyri$ Eirxogd jiihu eyrridxcw yuih bw xmi oqyoeycxyri gdhyuxrw
ori bouih ad era~u uyem ou uawbiod# eard odh rgei# eoyugdl xmi gdhyuxrw xa gdxiruiex |gxm eaf~ixgdl
hifodhu jraf xmi olrgeycxyri odh bgajyic gdhyuxrgiu -Hi Ugczo odh Uaxa 2>>7'$
Jiih ozogcobgcgxw jar xmi oqyoeycxyri gdhyuxrw |gcc ocua bi ojjiexih bw
emodliu gd xmi eo~xyri jgumirgiu uiexar$ Zorgayu uxyhgiu eorrgih ayx bw
xmi Ougo&^oegjge Jgumirw Eaffguugad -O^JGE' odh xmi Oyuxrocgod Eidxri
jar Olrgeycxyri Riuiorem -OEGOR' mozi jaydh xmox ca|&zocyi!xroum jgum
u~iegiu lidiroccw yxgcgpih jar jgumfioc ~rahyexgad oeeaydx jar
o~~ra}gfoxicw 29 ~ireidx aj xmi xaxoc forgdi eo~xyri codhgdlu gd xmirilgad# |gxm zocyiu rodlgdl bix|iid 8 odh 5= ~ireidx gd uizid eaydxrgiu
gd Uayxm# Uayxmioux odh Ioux Ougo uyrziwih -O^JGE 2>>:'$
^axidxgoc ecgfoxi emodli gf~oexu ad xmiui uxaeku gd xmi rilgad |gcc mozi myli gf~cgeoxgadu jar xmi
ozogcobgcgxw aj jgum jar jiih odh# uybuiqyidxcw# xmi zgobgcgxw aj oqyoeycxyri a~iroxgadu hi~idhidx ad
jgumfioc$ Eyrridx odocwuiu aj jgumfioc ~rahyexgad mozi daxih xmox ~rahyexgad gu ydcgkicw xa gderioui
ugldgjgeodxcw |miriou hifodh gu cgkicw xa lra| |gxm xmi eadxgdyih lra|xm aj xmi oqyoeycxyri gdhyuxrw
-JOA 2>>=b'$ Xmiri gu ocriohw eadughirobci eadeird azir xmi zgobgcgxw aj ca|&zocyi jgum uxaeku gd uirzgdl
od i}~odhih jgumfioc forkix; xmgu gdhyuxrw gu cgkicw xa bi aziruybuergbih izid bijari xokgdl gdxa oeeaydx
xmi ~axidxgoc gf~oexu aj ecgfoxi emodli$ Gx gu ~auugbci xmox xmi lcaboc forkix fow uii jyrxmir hieriouiu
gd ro| foxirgoc jar jgum jiih# odh a~~arxydgxgiu jar dad&jih oqyoeycxyri uyem ou jgcxir&jiihiru -i$l$ bgzocziu'odh uio|iihu$
Xmi diih xa yxgcgpi olrgeycxyroc
codh ijjgegidxcw fow riuycx gd caeoc&
cizic eaf~ixgxgad jar codh gd uafi
oriou# xmaylm xmi rihyeih zgobgcgxw
aj olrgeycxyroc codh gd axmir oriou
fow oexyoccw ~riuidx a~~arxydgxgiu
jar oqyoeycxyri$
^axidxgoc ecgfoxi emodli gf~oexu
ad xmiui uxaeku gd xmi rilgad |gcc
mozi myli gf~cgeoxgadu ad xmi
ozogcobgcgxw aj jgum jar jiih odh#
uybuiqyidxcw# xmi zgobgcgxw aj
oqyoeycxyri a~iroxgadu hi~idhidx
ad jgumfioc$
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?>7' uyfforgpi ma| jgumgdl fokiu jgum ~a~ycoxgadu fari
uidugxgzi xa diloxgzi gf~oexu bw0 rifazgdl achir oli ecouuiu odh u~oxgoc uybydgxu; gdjcyidegdl cgji mguxarw
xrogxu -i$l$ rihyegdl xmi oli&ox&jgrux u~o|dgdl'; rihyegdl jgum fiod ugpi; odh gderiougdl xmi xyrdazir roxiu
aj xmi jgum eaf~adidx aj forgdi eaffydgxgiu$ Uyem joexaru foki ~a~ycoxgadu fari uyuei~xgbci xa xmi
uxriuuiu eoyuih bw ecgfoxi zorgobgcgxw odh emodli$
Gx umaych bi riealdgpih xmox oho~xgzi uxroxilgiu hizica~ih jar axmir uiexaru -i$l$ |oxir# olrgeycxyri#
eaouxoc fodolifidx' fow mozi gf~cgeoxgadu jar xmi jgumirgiu odh oqyoeycxyri uiexaru$ Jar gduxodei#
oho~xgzi oexgadu ogfih ox gf~razgdl eaouxoc hijidei xmraylm idlgdiirgdl uacyxgadu fow gf~oex jgumirgiu
mobgxoxu diloxgzicw$ Xmiri fow ocua bi ~augxgzi a~~arxydgxgiu gd i}xrouiexaroc riu~aduiu$ Jar gduxodei# xmi
~raxiexgad aj ieauwuxifu jar eaouxoc ~raxiexgad ar ifguugadu rihyexgadu fow oexyoccw idmodei jgumirgiu
-i$l$ jariuxu ouuaegoxih |gxm gdcodh jgumirgiu ar fodlrazi ieauwuxifu# Boh`iekix oc$ 2>>7'$
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^axidxgoc hgriex gf~oexu aj ecgfoxi emodli ad xmi Ougod rilgad
Adi aj xmi ecior fiuuoliu ifirlgdl jraf xmi oyxmargxoxgzi odh gdxirdoxgadoccw riealdgpih ecgfoxi
emodli rizgi| ~raeiuu hizica~ih ydhir xmi Gdxir&lazirdfidxoc ^odic ad Ecgfoxi Emodli -G^EE' gu xmox
ecgfoxi emodli |gcc dax mozi ydgjarf gf~oexu oerauu xmi lcabi$ Lgzid xmi eaf~ci}gxw aj xmi iorxmuecgfoxge uwuxif# hgjjiridx ~mwugeoc odh bgaxge uwuxifu# rilgadu# odh izid caeocgxgiu# |gcc bi ojjiexih
hgjjiridxcw$ Xmi gdxireaddiexih doxyri aj xmi iorxmu ecgfoxge uwuxif fiodu xmox ycxgfoxi ayxeafiu |gcc
bi xmi riuycx aj o fycxgxyhi aj gdxiroexgadu bix|iid o rodli aj ~mwugeoc odh bgaxge eaf~adidxu ou |icc
ou xmi ~axidxgoc ijjiexu aj rodhaf -uxaemouxge' izidxu -i$l$ corli zaceodge iry~xgadu'$
Xmi foldgxyhi aj ecgfoxi emodli |gcc bi eadxgdlidx ad ma|
uyeeiuujyccw lriidmayui lou ifguugadu |gcc bi rihyeih azir
xmi di}x ji| hieohiu odh |mixmir eorbad uiqyiuxirgdl
fiemodgufu ori uyeeiuujyccw fogdxogdih odh idmodeih -i$l$
xmraylm ~rizidxgdl hijariuxoxgad# uy~~arxgdl o~~ra~rgoxi
ojjariuxoxgad'$ Xmirijari ~ra`iexgadu aj xmi jyxyri ori ~rifguihad hgjjiridx ueidorgau xmox ori xmifuicziu ajxid bouih ad o
rodli aj i}~iexih oxfau~mirge lriidmayui lou eadeidxroxgad
cizicu$ Xmiui ~ra`iexgadu eod xmirijari adcw ~razghi lyghicgdiu
jar xmi xw~iu aj emodliu xmox ori cgkicw xa aeeyr$ Ocxmaylm gx gu
hgjjgeycx xa oeeyroxicw hixirfgdi |mox xmi i}oex riu~adui aj
xmi iorxmu ecgfoxi |gcc bi gd 9> xa ?>> wioru# gx gu ~auugbci xa lix
od ghio aj |mox kgdh aj xridhu xa i}~iex$
Xmi gf~oexu aj ecgfoxi emodli ori cgkicw xa bi jor jraf ydgjarf
odh gx gu i}~iexih xmox hizica~gdl eaydxrgiu# gdecyhgdl xmaui gd
Ougo# ori cgkicw bior xmi brydx aj hgriex ecgfoxi emodli gf~oexu$Xmi i}guxgdl cizicu aj lialro~mgeoc i}~auyri aj fodw eaydxrgiu
gd xmi rilgad ori cgkicw xa bi i}oeirboxih bw ecgfoxi emodli;
xmgu rijiru xa xmi ~rizogcgdl lialro~mgeoc eadhgxgadu xmox ori
xmaylmx xa eadxrgbyxi xa eyrridx ca| cizicu aj hizica~fidx#
uyem ou0 ecgfoxge i}xrifiu xmox oeeaf~odw Ic Dga odh Co Dgo eweciu odh faduaad eweciu; zorgobgcgxw
gd rogdjocc -baxm gdxir& odh gdxro&oddyoccw'; odh mglm xif~iroxyriu$ Xra~geoc lialro~mw fow ocua mozi
diloxgzi gf~oexu ad olrgeycxyroc ayx~yxu ou o riuycx aj ~iuxu# mglmir era~ riu~groxgad roxiu odh hgjjgeycxgiu
gd |oxir ozogcobgcgxw -Uxird 2>>>:'$ Ou o rilgad xmox gu uxgcc biuix
|gxm ~azirxw odh ca| cizicu aj hizica~fidx# gx gu cgkicw xmox adcw uyhhid# hguouxir&ricoxih ecgfoxi emodli
ricoxih guuyiu |gcc bi ohhriuuih -Fgemic odh ^odhwo 2>?>'$ Xmiri gu o ~auugbgcgxw xmox uca|ir ~raeiuuiu#
uyem ou rgugdl uio cizicu odh lrohyoc umgjxu gd olrgeycxyroc odh jgumirgiu ricoxih ~rahyexgad uwuxifu fow
bi gldarih# izid gj ~coddgdl omioh jar xmiui emodliu |gcc ycxgfoxicw gderioui xmi emodeiu aj ea~gdl |gxm
diloxgzi gf~oexu$
Hgjjiridx eaydxrgiu gd Ougo |gcc joei hgjjiridx
kgdhu odh cizicu aj rguku
Rguk odocwuiu bouih ad zorgobciu uyem ou
~axidxgoc ecgfoxi emodli gf~oexu ad xmi
uiexar# ricoxgzi ieadafge odh uaegoc
hi~idhidew ad xmi uiexar# odh oho~xgzieo~oegxw# mozi ghidxgjgih ~orxu aj Ougo |miri
ecgfoxi emodli fow mozi o zorgixw aj
hgjjiridx gf~cgeoxgadu$
Uaega&ieadafge gf~oexu fow mozi hgjjiridx
if~mouiu hi~idhgdl ad xmi raci aj xmi
uiexar ox xmi doxgadoc odh caeoc cizicu# jar
gduxodei0 dyxrgxgadoc hi~idhidei ad jgumirgiu
riuayreiu gu mglm gd fyem aj Uayxmioux
Ougo ou |icc ou axmir eaydxrgiu uyem ou
Bodlcohium# @o~od odh Urg Codko$ Eaydxrgiu
|gxm xmi corliux jgumirgiu codhgdlu gd xmi
rilgad ori Emgdo# @o~od# Gdhadiugo# Gdhgo odh
Bodlcohium$ Hi~idhidew ad xmi jgumirgiuuiexar jar i}~arx gdeafi gu mglmiux gd xmi
eaouxoc doxgadu aj Uayxmioux Ougo$
Occguad ix oc$ 2>>7
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Uafi aj xmi faux ugldgjgeodx gf~oexu xmox ecgfoxi emodli gu cgkicw xa mozi ad xmi Ougod rilgad# ou
~ra`iexih jar xmi x|idxw&jgrux eidxyrw odh uwdxmiugpih bw xmi G^EE -Eryp ix oc$ 2>>>7'# gdhgeoxgdl xmox eaydxrgiu gd Ougo fow bi ojjiexih bw xmiui ~midafido
uaadir xmod eaydxrgiu gd axmir rilgadu$
\ioxmir ~oxxirdu odh i}xrifi ecgfoxge izidxu
Gdxiruiouadoc# gdxiroddyoc odh u~oxgoc zorgobgcgxw gdrogdjocc xridhu mozi biid abuirzih oerauu Ougo azir xmi
~oux ji| hieohiu$ Uafi oriou ori i}~irgidegdl
hieriougdl xridhu gd fiod oddyoc rogdjocc -i$l$ Darxmioux
odh Darxm Emgdo# xmi eaouxoc bicxu odh orgh ~cogdu aj
^okguxod# ~orxu aj Darxmioux Gdhgo# Gdhadiugo# ^mgcg~~gdiu
odh uafi oriou gd @o~od' |gxm axmiru eadziruicw
i}~irgidegdl od gderiougdl xridh -i$l$ \iuxird Emgdo#
Emodl`godl Zocciw odh xmi uayxmiouxird eaoux aj Emgdo#
Bodlcohium odh ocadl xmi |iuxird eaouxu aj xmi
^mgcg~~gdiu'$ Xmiri gu o xridh xa|orh od gderiouih
gdxidugxw aj rogdjocc# byx od azirocc hierioui gd xmi ofaydx aj rogdjocc$ Xmgu mou cih xa od gderioui gdjriqyidew aj aeeyrridei aj fari gdxidui rogdjocc izidxu gd fodw ~orxu aj Ougo# riuycxgdl gd uiziri jcaahu#
codhucghiu odh fyhjca|u$ Ox xmi uofi xgfi# o hieriougdl xidhidew gd xmi dyfbir aj rogdw howu odh xmi
xaxoc oddyoc ofaydx aj ~rieg~gxoxgad mou biid ri~arxih$
Xmiri gu o xridh xa|orhu gderiouih gdxidugxw odh!ar jriqyidew aj i}xrifi |ioxmir izidxu -hi~idhgdl
ad xmi caeoxgad' xmraylmayx xmi x|idxgixm eidxyrw$ Xmi jriqyidew odh gdxidugxw aj xra~geoc ewecadiu
arglgdoxgdl gd xmi ^oegjge mozi gderiouih azir xmi coux ji| hieohiu$ Ma|izir# ewecadiu arglgdoxgdl jraf
xmi Bow aj Bidloc odh xmi Orobgod Uio mozi biid daxih xa hierioui gd jriqyidew ugdei ?7# byx xmi
gdxidugxw aj xmiui ewecadiu mou gderiouih$ Xmiri gu od azirocc gderioui gd xmi hofoli eoyuih bw gdxidui
ewecadiu gd ojjiexih eaydxrgiu# ~orxgeycorcw Eofbahgo# Emgdo# Gdhgo# @o~od# xmi ^mgcg~~gdiu odh Zgix Dof$
9 Jgdhgdlu ~riuidxih ori jraf Eryp ix oc$ -2>>
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2>
O rgui gd xif~iroxyri hyrgdl xmi uyffir odh darfoccw hrgir fadxmu# odh hyrgdl IDUA: -Ic Dga' izidxu
ori xmaylmx xa bi riu~adugbci jar xmi gderiougdl jriqyidew odh gdxidugxw aj hraylmxu gd fodw ~orxu aj
Ougo$ Ugldgjgeodxcw cadlir miox|ozi hyroxgad mou biid abuirzih gd fodw eaydxrgiu$ Xmi fo`argxw aj
lcoegiru gd Ougo o~~ior xa bi ficxgdl jouxir gd rieidx wioru xmod bijari# |gxm gderiouiu gd lcoegoc rydajj
odh jriqyidew aj lcoegoc coki ayxbyruxu eoyugdl fyhjca|u odh ozocodemiu gd eirxogd oriou$
^ra`iexgadu daxi xmox0
Gx gu cgkicw xmox oddyoc ~rieg~gxoxgad |gcc gderioui oerauu faux aj Ougo hyrgdl xmi x|idxw&jgrux
eidxyrw |gxm uiouadoc odh uybrilgadoc zorgoxgadu$
Xmiri gu cgkicw xa bi od gderioui gd aeeyrridei aji}xrifi |ioxmir izidxu gdecyhgdl miox|oziu
odh gdxidui ~rieg~gxoxgad izidxu gd Uayxm Ougo# Ioux Ougo# odh Uayxmioux Ougo$
Xmiri fow bi o ?> xa 2> ~ireidx gderioui gd xra~geoc ewecadi gdxidugxgiu gd Ioux Ougo# Uayxmioux
Ougo odh Uayxm Ougo$
Xmiri gu xmi ~auugbgcgxw aj xmi of~cgjgeoxgad ajuxarf&uyrli miglmxu xmox |gcc riuycx gd od gderiouih
rguk aj eaouxoc hguouxiru ocadl xmi eaouxoc rilgadu aj Ioux# Uayxm odh Uayxmioux Ougod eaydxrgiu$
Jrium|oxir uwuxifu
Gdcodh |oxir uwuxifu ori lazirdih corlicw bw mwhracalgeoc eweciu odh ~ra`iexih emodliu gd xmiui
|gcc cioh xa ocxirih gdxidugxgiu odh xgfgdlu aj jrium|oxir jca|u$ Gx gu ~auugbci xmox bw xmi fghhci aj xmi
x|idxw&jgrux eidxyrw oziroli rgzir rydajj |gcc hiecgdi bw bix|iid ?> odh 5> ~ireidx gd xmi fgh&coxgxyhiu
odh hrw xra~geu; xmi |ix xra~geu fow eadziruicw uii gderiouiu aj bix|iid ?> xa 8> ~ireidx -Fgccw ix oc$
2>>9'$ Gd ohhgxgad xa xmgu# eyrridx ~oxxirdu aj xif~aroc zorgobgcgxw fow bi foldgjgih# |gxm gderiouiu gd
fo}gfyf jca|u odh hieriouiu gd fgdgfyf jca|u gd uafi ~orxu aj Ougo# uyem ou xmi Fikadl$ Xmgu fow
riuycx gd gderiouih jcaahgdl rguku gd xmi |ix uiouad odh gderiouih |oxir umarxoliu gd xmi hrw uiouad -Eryp
ix oc$ 2>>>> f5wr&?'$ Ieauwuxifu odh myfod ~a~ycoxgadu
gd xmiui rilgadu |gcc bi ~orxgeycorcw uidugxgzi xa ecgfoxi emodli ricoxih hieriouiu ar zorgobgcgxw gd
~rieg~gxoxgad -Kydhpi|gep ix oc$ 2>>
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2?
Xmi eyrridx# oziroli roxi aj uio&cizic rgui
gd eaouxoc oriou aj Ougo gu ri~arxih xa bi
bix|iid ? xa 5 ff!wr# |mgem gu ucglmxcw
mglmir xmod xmi lcaboc oziroli$ Ou
o riuycx eaouxcgdiu |gcc bi uyb`iexih xa0
Gderiouih iraugad
Gdydhoxgad
Jcaahgdl
Cauu aj eaouxoc |ixcodhu
Uocgdi gdxryugad gdxa rgziru#
Xobci 5 Oriou ojjiexih bw uocgdi |oxir gdxryugad gd Fikadl
Hicxo orio ydhir hgjjiridx ueidorgau -mo' -Dlywid Cof Odm#
yd~ybcgumih'>9 Uio cizic rgui ueidorgau
> ef + 5> ef + 9> ef + 25: >=7 29? 8=5 22> 22< :9> 2:? 578 295 >9? 29< 59>
42> 75= >27 728 559 7?: :7? 7?2 ::8
Xaxoc ? ==> >>7 2 >=> 728 2 ?=7 5?9 2 5>5 8?5
Uocgdgxw
-~~x'
bowu odh oqygjiru -uii xobci 5 jar od i}of~ci'$
Gd eirxogd eaouxoc oriou aj Ougo# o 5> ef rgui gd uio cizic eaych riuycx gd 89 f aj codh|orh iraugad$ Izid
ydhir eaduirzoxgzi iuxgfoxiu gx gu i}~iexih xmox uio cizic rgui |gcc riuycx gd od gderioui gd xmi oddyoc
dyfbir aj ~ia~ci lcaboccw ojjiexih bw jcaahgdl jraf ?5 fgccgad xa 78 fgccgad bw xmi idh aj xmi
x|idxw&jgrux eidxyrw$ Ougo |gcc bi hgu~ra~arxgadoxicw ojjiexih bw xmgu# |gxm :> ~ireidx aj xmgu gderiouiaeeyrrgdl gd Uayxm Ougo odh 2> ~ireidx gd Uayxmioux Ougo$ Hicxoge oriou xmox ori hi~idhidx corlicw ad
faduaadoc ~oxxirdu odh rgzir&bouih uihgfidx hi~augxgad jar codh&bygchgdl fow bi ~orxgeycorcw uidugxgzi
xa codh cauu xmox |gcc bi eaf~aydhih bw uio&cizic rgui$ Xmi corli# ~a~ycoxih filo&hicxou gd Ougo ori
xmaylmx xa bi oeyxicw zycdirobci xa ecgfoxi emodli -Dgemaccu ix oc$ 2>>>
emodli ricoxih gf~oexu ori cgkicw xa riuycx gd xmi jyrxmir hilrohoxgad aj earoc riij ieauwuxifu odh ohziruicw
gf~oex u~iegiu hgriexcw -Fydhow ix oc$ 2>>='$
Xmi a~id aeiod fow ydhirla emodliu gd egreycoxgad uwuxifu ou o riuycx aj xif~iroxyri emodliu$
Ohhgxgadoccw# jar xmi coux x|a eidxyrgiu xmi aeiod mou ~cowih o raci gd obuarbgdl oxfau~mirge eorbad#
riuycxgdl gd xmi oeghgjgeoxgad aj xmi xa~ 2 >>> f aj xmi aeiodu |oxiru$ Adlagdl oeghgjgeoxgad aj aeiodge
|oxiru |gcc mozi diloxgzi gf~cgeoxgadu jar eocegjwgdl arlodgufu# gdecyhgdl earocu -YDI^ 2>>7'$
Miocxm&ricoxih rguku
Eaouxoc oriou# gd Uayxm# Ioux odh Uayxmioux Ougo# ~orxgeycorcw miozgcw&
~a~ycoxih filo&hicxo rilgadu# |gcc bi ox lrioxiux rguk aj gderiouih
uio&bouih jcaahgdl odh# gd xmi eoui aj uafi filo&hicxou# rgzir&bouih
jcaahgdl$ Xmi ~rizocidei aj hgorrmaioc hguioui ouuaegoxih |gxm jcaahu
odh hraylmxu ori i}~iexih xa rgui gd Ioux# Uayxm odh Uayxmioux Ougo$Xif~iroxyri gderiouiu |gcc uy~~arx xmi ~racgjiroxgad aj o rodli aj
boexirgoc hguiouiu gdecyhgdl hgorrmaioc hguiouiu odh emaciro$ Hioxmu
ou o riuycx aj miox|ozi izidxu ori ocua cgkicw xa gderioui# |gxm ~orxu
aj Gdhgo odh Ryuugo ocriohw i}~irgidegdl mglm cizicu aj miox|ozi&
ricoxih hioxmu# |gxm zycdirobci lray~u uyem ou xmi ~aar# ichircw odh
fodyoc cobayriru bigdl ~orxgeycorcw ox rguk$ Ecgfoxi emodli ricoxih
miox uxriuu eafbgdih |gxm ogr ~accyxgad fow ocua i}oeirboxi riu~groxarw odh eorhgazoueycor hguioui roxiu$
Ziexar bardi hguiouiu uyem ou focorgo odh idei~mocgxgu ori cgkicw xa gderioui baxm gd gdeghidei odh
lialro~mgeoc rodli |gxm gderiougdl xif~iroxyriu$ Xmiui ~oxxirdu fow mozi eaf~ci} gdxiroexgadu |gxm
axmir joexaru -i$l$ xmi hizica~fidx aj ~iuxgeghi riuguxodx uxrogdu aj focorgo&xrodufgxxgdl fauqygxaiu'$
< ^riuidxih ox xmi O^JGE!JOA Rilgadoc Eaduycxoxgzi \arkuma~ Gf~cgeoxgadu aj ecgfoxi emodli ad jgumirgiu odh oqyoeycxyri0
emoccidliu jar oho~xoxgad odh fgxgloxgad gd xmi Ougo&^oegjge Rilgad# 282: Fow 2>??# Koxmfodhy# Di~oc$
Xmi faux zycdirobci oriou ajUayxmioux Ougo ou bigdl0 occ xmirilgadu aj xmi ^mgcg~~gdiu# xmiFikadl Rgzir Hicxo rilgad aj ZgixDof; ocfaux occ xmi rilgadu aj
Eofbahgo; Darxmird odh iouxirdCoa ^ia~ciu Hifaeroxge Ri~ybcge;xmi Bodlkak rilgad aj Xmogcodh;odh xmi |iux odh uayxm aj Uyfoxro#odh |iuxird odh iouxird @ozo gdGdhadiugo$
Wyuyj odh Jrodeguea 2>>7
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Hguiouiu kda|d xa i}mgbgx o uxradl earricoxgad |gxm xif~iroxyri gderiouiu uyem ou Adeaficodgo#
uemguxauafgougu# eiribroc gdjorexgad odh eiribroc guemifgo# fow ocua i}~irgidei gderiouiu gd rodli odh
gdeghidei$
Olrgeycxyri odh jaah ~rahyexgad
Gx gu ~ra`iexih xmox lcaboc eirioc ~rgeiu |gcc gderioui bw fari xmod 5>> ~ireidx bw 2>=> ou o riuycx aj~rahyexgzgxw hiecgdiu$ Ma| ecgfoxi emodli gu cgkicw xa ojjiex jaah uy~~cw odh hifodh gd Ougo gu zirw
ydeirxogd$ Lrioxir zorgobgcgxw gd mwhracalgeoc emoroexirguxgeu# eay~cih |gxm gderiouiu gd xif~iroxyri# gu
cgkicw xa ojjiex lrogd uy~~cgiu odh jaah uieyrgxw gd xmi rilgad$ Ecgfoxi emodli gdhyeih xif~iroxyri
gderiouiu# hraylmx# jcaahgdl odh uagc hilrohoxgad ori cgkicw xa riuycx gd od azirocc hierioui gd olrgeycxyroc
~rahyexgzgxw# ocxmaylm gderiouiu gd xmi wgichu aj eirxogd era~u gd eirxogd ~orxu aj Ougo fow aeeyr; rgei#
fogpi odh |miox wgichu fow i}mgbgx rilgadoc hgjjirideiu gd xirfu aj riu~adui$ Uybuguxidei ~rahyeiru ori
cgkicw xa bi ox lrioxiux rguk aj ~rahyexgzgxw hiecgdiu odh cauu aj lidixge hgzirugxw aj era~u$ Od ohhgxgadoc
87 fgccgad ~ia~ci eaych bi ox rguk aj mydlir bw 2>2># |gxm y~ xa 2:: fgccgad ohhgxgadoc ~ia~ci ox rguk
bw 2>=>$
Azirocc rilgadoc ~rahyexgad aj xmiui xmrii era~u mou hiecgdih gd xmi ~oux ji| hieohiu gd fodw ~orxu ajOugo bieoyui aj gderiougdl |oxir uxriuu$ Uyrjoei ogr xif~iroxyri gderiouiu fow ocua ~cow o ~orx gd xmgu$
Faux aj xmi orobci codh gd Ougo gu eyrridxcw gd yui odh gx gu cgkicw xmox ecgfoxi emodli |gcc mozi od gf~oex
ad xmi orio aj era~ ~rahyexgad |gxm o lidiroc darxm|orh umgjx gd olrgeycxyroc padiu$ Grrgloxgad diihu ori
cgkicw xa gderioui bw o joexar aj ?> ~ireidx gd riu~adui xa o ?E rgui gd xif~iroxyri gd arhir xa uyuxogd
~rahyexgzgxw gd Uayxm odh Ioux Ougo$ Rogdjih era~u gd eirxogd ~orxu aj xmi rilgad fow ocua joei emoccidliu$
Cgziuxaek ~rahyexgad odh fgck wgichu eaych uyjjir o lidiroc hierioui# |gxm xif~iroxi lrouucodh&bouih
~rahyexgad cgkicw xa umgjx darxm|orhu$ Gderiouiu gd ~iuxu odh hguioui |gcc eadxrgbyxi xa xmiui xridhu gd
era~ wgichu odh cgziuxaek ~rahyexgad$
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Gf~oex aj ~ra`iexih emodliu ad cgzicgmaahu odh ieadafgiu gd Ougo
Xmi ~rizgayu uiexgadu mozi jaeyuih corlicw ad xmi hgriex# ~roexgeoc gf~oexu aj ecgfoxi emodli ad
ieauwuxifu odh uirzgeiu ou |icc ou ad xmi ~auugbci eaduiqyideiu jar jgumirgiu odh oqyoeycxyri uwuxifu$
Ydhiruxodhgdl ma| xmgu xroducoxiu gdxa gf~oexu ad cgziu# cgzicgmaahu odh ieadafgiu |gcc occa| yu xaghidxgjw lray~u faux ox rguk odh hizica~ o~~ra~rgoxi gdxirzidxgadu$
Zycdirobgcgxw aj jgumirgiu odh oqyoeycxyri&hi~idhidx eaffydgxgiu
Xmi zycdirobgcgxw aj jgumirgiu odh oqyoeycxyri hi~idhidx eaffydgxgiu odh ieadafgiu xa ecgfoxi emodli
|gcc bi bouih ad uiziroc joexaru# ou hijgdih bw xmi G^EE -2>>?b'0
xmi i}~auyri aj xmi uwuxif xa ecgfoxi emodli -xmi doxyri odh hilrii xa |mgem o uwuxif gu
i}~auih xa ugldgjgeodx ecgfoxge zorgoxgadu';
xmi uidugxgzgxw aj xmi uwuxif xa ecgfoxi emodli -xmi hilrii xa |mgem o uwuxif gu ojjiexih#
igxmir ohziruicw ar bidijgegoccw# bw ecgfoxi&ricoxih uxgfycg'; odh
xmi oho~xgzi eo~oegxw aj ieauwuxifu odh myfod uaegixgiu xmox ori lagdl xa i}~irgidei xmiuigf~oexu -xmi obgcgxw aj o uwuxif xa oh`yux xa ecgfoxi emodli -gdecyhgdl ecgfoxi zorgobgcgxw odh
i}xrifiu'# xa fahiroxi xmi ~axidxgoc hofoli jraf gx# xa xoki ohzodxoli aj gxu a~~arxydgxgiu#
ar xa ea~i |gxm gxu eaduiqyideiu$'$
Xmi jgumirgiu odh oqyoeycxyri uiexaru if~caw o ugldgjgeodx ofaydx aj ~ia~ci gd xmi Ougod rilgad ou |icc
ou jarf xmi bougu aj xmi eycxyroc ghidxgxw aj eaffydgxgiu$ Xmi faux ugldgjgeodx ieadafge eaduiqyideiu
aj ecgfoxi umaeku ad Ougod jgumirgiu |gcc mozi xmi bglliux gf~oex ad xmi ~aariux eaduyfiru# xmrioxidgdl
braohir jaah uieyrgxw ou |icc ou jgumirgiu&bouih cgzicgmaahu -uii jglyri 2 jar o lidiroc zgi| aj xmi gf~oexu
aj ecgfoxi emodli'$ Xmiri gu o lra|gdl eaduiduyu xmox ecgfoxi emodli gf~oexu ad eo~xyri jgumirgiu odh
oqyoeycxyri ori lagdl xa mozi o hgu~ra~arxgadoxicw diloxgzi gf~oex ad xmi ieadafgiu odh cgzicgmaahu
aj doxgadu odh eaffydgxgiu gd Ougo$ Jar gduxodei# rieidx odocwuiu bw Occguad ix oc$ -2>>7' gdhgeoxi xmoxOjrgeod odh Uayxmioux Ougod eaydxrgiu |gcc bi xmi faux ieadafgeoccw zycdirobci xa diloxgzi gf~oexu ad
xmiui uiexaru$
Xmi gf~oexu aj ecgfoxi emodli ori cgkicw xa bi jor jraf ydgjarf odh
gx gu i}~iexih xmox xmi Ougod rilgad |gcc joei zirw u~iegjge odh caeoccw
zorgobci emoccidliu$ Eirxogd xridhu odh gf~oexu fow bi fari
~radaydeih gd Ougo -i$l$ xif~iroxyri gderiouiu ori cgkicw xa bi obazi
xmi lcaboc darf gd fodw ~orxu aj xmi rilgad; o dyfbir aj gf~arxodx
rgzir bougdu gd Ougo ori xmrioxidih bw jyrxmir |oxir uxriuu; ~ia~ci gd
xmi rilgad ori cgkicw xa bi hgu~ra~arxgadoxicw gf~oexih bw jcaahgdl;
bgahgzirugxw cauu |gcc bi lrioxir gd xmi xra~geu'$
Fariazir# gx gu riealdgpih xmox Ougo gu mglmcw zycdirobci xa ecgfoxi
emodli bieoyui aj xmi ca| eo~oegxw aj eaydxrgiu gd xmi rilgad xa riu~adh odh oho~x$ Fodw eaydxrgiu
eoddax ea~i |gxm eyrridx cizicu aj ecgfoxge zorgobgcgxw odh i}xrifi izidxu# gdhgeoxgdl xmox i}guxgdl uwuxifu
|aych bi azir|micfih -^riuxad ix oc$ 2>>:'$ Ou o rilgad xmox gu uxgcc biuix |gxm ~azirxw odh ca| cizicu
aj hizica~fidx# gx gu cgkicw xmox adcw uyhhid# hguouxir&ricoxih ecgfoxi emodli ricoxih guuyiu |gcc bi
ohhriuuih -^icco|oxxo 2>?>'$ Xmiri gu o ~auugbgcgxw xmox uca|ir ~raeiuuiu# uyem ou rgugdl uio cizicu odh
lrohyoc umgjxu gd olrgeycxyroc odh jgumirgiu&ricoxih ~rahyexgad uwuxifu eaych bi gldarih# izid gj ~coddgdl
omioh jar xmiui emodliu |gcc ycxgfoxicw gderioui xmi emodeiu aj ea~gdl |gxm diloxgzi gf~oexu$
Eaydxrgiu xmox ori mglmcw hi~idhidx
ad xmi jgumirgiu uiexar odh mozi o
ca| eo~oegxw xa oho~x |gcc bi faux
ox rguk aj uirgayu uaega&ieadafge
gf~oexu
Xmi rgzir hi~ idh idx eay dxr giu aj
Bodlcohium# Eofbahgo odh ^okguxod
mozi biid ghidxgjgih ou xmrii aj xmi
faux ox rguk eaydxrgiu gd xmi rilgadgd xmgu riu~iex$
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Jglyri 2 Ecgfoxi emodli gf~cgeoxgadu jar jgumiru# eaffydgxgiu odh doxgadoc ieadafgiu
Uayrei0 Oho~xih jraf FeJohwid odh Occguad -2>>7'
Lazirdfidx ridx lidiroxgad!i}xroexgad jraf uiexar
Jgum uiexar i}~arxu
-bocodei aj ~owfidxu# jar i} iordgdlu#
eaf~ixgxgzidiuu'
Jgum ~rgeiu
Bocodei aj bidijgxu jraf jgumgdl zu oqyoeycxyri
Bocodei aj bidijgxu jraf jgumgdl * oqyoeycxyri zu
axmir uiexaru
Jgum jar jaah uieyrgxw
Bocodei aj jgum jar hafiuxge * i}~arx xrohi
Fycxg~cgir ijjiexu aj jgumgdl * oqyoeycxyri
Hgu~coeifidx -fglroxgad' * eadjcgex
Uiexar gdziuxfidx
Eauxu aj oho~xoxgad
Jgumgdl * oqyoeycxyri uxroxilgiu
-caeoxgadu# xorlix u~iegiu# uiouadocgxw#
lidixge fahgjgeoxgad'
Zocyi&ohhgxgad * ~rajgx forlgdu
If~cawfidx
Jgum ou jaah
-ozogcobgcgxw# uxobgcgxw# oeeiuu#
yxgcgpoxgad aj hgjjiridx u~iegiu'
Obgcgxw aj jgumirgiu xa oex
ou o uojixw dix
Bocodei aj gdeafi jraf eo~xyrih *
oqyoeycxyri jgum ~rahyexgadricoxgzi xa axmir cgzicgmaah
gdeafi uayreiu
Eauxu aj oho~xoxgad -~raxiexgad'
Eoxem!~rahyexgad zacyfiu
Eoxem eaf~augxgad
Hgriex i}xrifi izidxu * gf~oexu
Jgumgdl howu caux xa boh |ioxmir
Uojixw!zycdirobgcgxw
Cauu ar hofoli xa ouuixu
-ziuuicu# lioru# eoliu'
Zacyfi odh u~iegiu fg} ozogcobci
gd forkixu
Hofoli xa adumari eaouxoc
jgumirgiu gdjrouxryexyri
Earoc riij eazir
Hgriex bga~mwugeoc emodliu Hgriex gf~oexu
Gdhgriex gf~oexu bieoyui ajemodliu gd0
Gdhgriex gf~oexu boeoyui aj
emodliu gd0
Occ emodliu# gf~oexu odh ijjiexu zorw gd foldgxyhi oeearhgdl xa eadxi}x odh rilgad$ Xmgu gu bieoyui aj
xmi hgjjirgdl oho~xgzi eo~oegxgiu aj ieauwuxifu# jgumirgiu odh ~ia~ci gd riu~adui xa xmi emodliu
braylmx obayx bw ecgfoxi emodli$
Ijjiexu ad jgumir!oqyoeycxyrieaffydgxgiu
Gf~oexu ad ieauwuxifu odh jgumirgiu!oqyoeycxyri
^mwugeoc emodliuAeiodu# eaouxu# cokiu# rgziru# jcaah~cogdu
xif~iroxyriu# faduaad# IDUA izidxu# rogdjocc#
jcaahgdl# ugcxoxgad# hraylmx# jca|
Ecgfoxi ricoxih emodliu gd ~oxxirdu aj0
Ijjiexu ad |ghir ieadafw!uaegixw
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Odocwuiu aj caeoxgad u~iegjge ecgfoxi emodli zycdirobgcgxw xidh xa caak ox o dyfbir aj hgjjiridx zorgobciu
gd arhir xa eoceycoxi xmi i}~iexih rguku ~auih xa caeocgxgiu gd xirfu aj xmriox xa cgziu# cgzicgmaahu#
gdjrouxryexyri odh ieadafge miocxm$ Uyem zorgobciu lidiroccw fow i}ofgdi0 i}~auyri xa ecgfoxge zorgobciu;
xmi uidugxgzgxw aj caeoc uwuxifu xa ecgfoxi emodli ricoxih uxgfycg; odh xmi eo~oegxw aj caeoc ~a~ycoxgadu
xa oho~x xa ecgfoxi emodli# i$l$ riuayreiu odh myfod eo~oegxw -Occguad ix oc$ 2>>7# ^oxx ix oc$ 2>>7# Wyuyj
odh Jrodeguea 2>>7'$
O doxgadu eo~oegxw xa oho~x xa ecgfoxi emodli |gcc lrioxcw
gdjcyidei xmi foldgxyhi aj uaega&ieadafge hguxyrbodei
i}~irgideih# xa xmi ~agdx |miri jar eirxogd eaydxrgiu# uyem ou
Eofbahgo# hiu~gxi azirocc i}~auyri rguku bigdl fahiroxi# o coek aj
oho~xgzi eo~oegxw fiodu xmox azirocc zycdirobgcgxw gu uxgcc mglm$ Jar
axmir eaydxrgiu# uyem ou Gdhadiugo# |miri oho~xgzi eo~oegxw gu
ricoxgzicw mglm# joexaru gdecyhgdl mglm ~a~ycoxgad hidugxw
eadxrgbyxi xa fokgdl eirxogd caeocgxgiu mglmcw zycdirobci -Wyuyj
odh Jrodeguea 2>>7'$
Ydhiruxodhgdl lialro~mgeoc ~oxxirdu aj zycdirobgcgxw gd xmi rilgad
Xmaylm xmgu gu o di| odh ifirlgdl jgich aj ~roexgei# riuiorem eorrgih ayx xa hoxi ~razghiu o yuijyc
gdhgeoxgad aj |mgem lialro~mgeoc caeocgxgiu fow firgx lrioxir oxxidxgad odh gdziuxfidx gd xirfu aj
zycdirobgcgxw rihyexgad -uii Xobci 8 jar o uyfforw aj jgdhgdlu jraf zorgayu riuiorem ~o~iru'$ Rieidx
odocwuiu bw xmi Ieadafw odh Idzgradfidx ^ralrof jar Uayxmioux Ougo -II^UIO'# jar i}of~ci# mozi
ghidxgjgih xmi faux zycdirobci oriou aj Uayxmioux Ougo ou bigdl0 occ xmi rilgadu aj xmi ^mgcg~~gdiu# xmi Fikadl
Rgzir Hicxo rilgad aj Zgix Dof; ocfaux occ xmi rilgadu aj Eofbahgo; Darxmird odh Iouxird Coa ^HR; xmi
Bodlkak rilgad aj Xmogcodh; odh xmi |iux odh uayxm aj Uyfoxro# odh \iuxird odh Iouxird @ozo gd Gdhadiugo
-Wyuyj odh Jrodeguea 2>>7'$ Xmgu uxyhw daxiu xmox xmi zycdirobci ori forkih bw xmigr i}~auyri xa
uio&cizic rgui ar# gd xmi eoui aj darxmird ^mgcg~~gdiu# xmigr i}~auyri xa i}xrifi |ioxmir izidxu$
Eofbahgou zycdirobgcgxw gu i}oeirboxih corlicw bw gxu ca| oho~xgzi eo~oegxw$
Axmir uxyhgiu daxi xmox Bodlcohium# Coa ^ia~ciu Hifaeroxge Ri~ybcge# Di~oc# odh ^okguxod ori bicgizih
xa mozi xmi ca|iux eo~oegxw gd xmi rilgad xa oho~x xa ecgfoxi emodli ricoxih gf~oexu ad xmi eo~xyri
jgumirgiu uiexar -Occguad ix oc$ 2>>7'$ Oeearhgdl xa occ zycdirobgcgxw ouuiuufidxu# Uayxm Ougo gu xmi rilgad
faux zycdirobci xa xmi gf~oexu aj ecgfoxi emodli$ Fodw aj xmgu rilgadu eaydxrgiu# gdecyhgdl Bodlcohium#
Gdhgo# Fochgziu# odh ^okguxod# ori i}~iexih xa bi ofadl xmi faux ojjiexih gd xmi |arch$ Idzgradfidxoc
morf ou o riuycx aj uio&cizic rgui gd ouuaegoxgad |gxm uxarf uyrli gf~oexu |gcc bi ugldgjgeodx gd baxm xmi
Bow aj Bidloc odh xmi Orobgod Uio# |miri ewecadge oexgzgxw gu ~ra`iexih xa gdxidugjw$ Xmi hicxo oriou aj
xmi Lodliu&Bromfo~yxro# Lahozorg# Gdhyu# Krgumdo# odh Fomodohg rgziru ocua i}~irgidei ewecadge oexgzgxw#
odh xmiui rgziru ori cgkicw xa jcaah fari ajxid |gxm gderiouih faduaadoc oexgzgxw -OHB 2>??'$
Xmi cgdk bix|iid ~oxxirdu aj uaega&ieadafge hi~idhidei odh zycdirobgcgxw
Uaega&ieadafge gf~oexu fow mozi hgjjiridx if~mouiu hi~idhgdl ad xmi raci aj xmi uiexar ox xmi
doxgadoc odh caeoc cizicu# i$l$ dyxrgxgadoc hi~idhidei ad jgumirgiu riuayreiu gu mglm gd fyem aj Uayxmioux
Ougo ou |icc ou axmir eaydxrgiu# uyem ou Bodlcohium# @o~od odh Urg Codko |miriou hi~idhidei ad xmi
jgumirgiu uiexar jar i}~arx gdeafi gu mglmiux gd xmi eaouxoc doxgadu aj Uayxmioux Ougo$ Eaydxrgiu |gxm xmi
corliux jgumirgiu codhgdlu gd xmi rilgad ori Bodlcohium# Emgdo# Gdhgo# Gdhadiugo odh @o~od -Occguad ix oc$
2>>7'$
Eirxogd ufocc hizica~gdl uxoxiu fow hi~idh miozgcw ad xmi eo~xyri jgumirgiu uiexar jar ridx lidiroxgad
xmraylm jiiu ouuaegoxih |gxm jgumgdl# ~raeiuugdl odh xrohgdl -i$l$ cgeidei jiiu jraf jgumgdl jciixu; ziuuic
rilguxroxgad jiiu; codhgdl# i}~arx odh gf~arx xo}iu'$ Xmiui rizidyiu fow bi yuih jar lidiroc byhlixuy~~arx odh i}~idhgxyriu ayxughi xmi jgumirgiu uiexar -FeJohwid odh Occguad 2>>7'$
O doxgadu eo~oegxw xa oho~x xa ecgfoxi
emodli |gcc gdjcyidei xmi foldgxyhi aj
uaega&ieadafge hguxyrbodei i}~irgideih
Bodlcohium# Coa ^ia~ciu Hifaeroxge
Ri~ybcge# Di~oc# odh ^okguxod# ori
bicgizih xa mozi xmi ca|iux eo~oegxw gd
xmi rilgad xa oho~x xa ecgfoxi emodli
ricoxih gf~oexu xa xmi jgumirgiu uiexar$
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Xobci 8 ^rabobci ecgfoxi ijjiexu odh eaduiqyidx uiexaroc zycdirobgcgxgiu gd Ougo
Ecgfoxi emodliu
Xif~iroxyri \orfgdl obazi xmi lcaboc fiod gd Eidxroc Ougo# xmi Xgbixod ^coxioy#Darxm# Ioux odh Uayxm Ougo xmi |orfgdl |gcc bi ugfgcor xa xmi lcabocfiod gd Uayxmioux Ougo$
Ji|ir zirw each howu gd Ioux Ougo odh Uayxm Ougo$ U~iegiu umgjxu odh caeoc i}xgdexgadu gd xra~geoc oriou ou o riuycx aj
xif~iroxyri rgui$
^rieg~gxoxgad# uda| odh gei Gderioui gd ~rieg~gxoxgad gd faux aj Ougo$ Hierioui gd ~rieg~gxoxgad gdEidxroc Ougo gd uyffir$
Gderioui gd xmi jriqyidew aj gdxidui ~rieg~gxoxgad izidxu gd ~orxu ajUayxm Ougo odh gd Ioux Ougo$
Gderiougdl rihyexgad gd uda| odh gei gd Mgfocowod odh Xgbixod ^coxioylcoegiru$
I}xrifi Izidxu Gderiougdl jriqyidew odh gdxidugxw aj i}xrifi izidxu ~orxgeycorcw0 hraylmxu hyrgdl xmi uyffir fadxmu odh Ic Dga izidxu; gderioui gd i}xrifi rogdjocc odh |gdhu ouuaegoxih |gxm xra~geoc ewecadiu
gd Ioux Ougo# Uayxmioux Ougo odh Uayxm Ougo -iu~iegoccw Bow aj Bidloc#Orobgod Uio# Fikadl Hicxo# Coa ^ia~ciu Hifaeroxge Ri~ybcge# Zgix Dof#^mgcg~~gdiu';
gdxidui rogdjocc izidxu -faduaad ricoxih' eoyugdl codhucghiu odh uizirijcaahgdl;
gderioui gd uxarf uyrliu odh ouuaegoxih eaouxoc jcaahgdl; odh miox|oziu!max u~iccu gd uyffir aj cadlir hyroxgad# fari gdxidui odh
fari jriqyidx# ~orxgeycorcw gd Ioux Ougo$
Uiexaroc zycdirobgcgxgiu
\oxir Gderiougdl |oxir uxriuu xa azir o mydhrih fgccgad ~ia~ci bieoyui ajo hierioui aj jrium|oxir ozogcobgcgxw gd Eidxroc# Uayxm# Ioux odh UayxmiouxOugo# ~orxgeycorcw gd corli rgzir bougdu uyem ou Emodl`godl$
Gderioui gd xmi dyfbir odh uizirgxw aj lcoegoc ficx&ricoxih jcaahu# uca~i
hiuxobgcgpoxgad jacca|ih bw hieriouiu gd rgzir jca|u ou lcoegiru hguo~~ior$ Uiziri rgzir jcaahgdl ricoxih xa gdxidugjgih faduaad rogdjocc$
Olrgeycxyri odh jaah uieyrgxw Hieriouiu gd era~ wgich jar fodw ~orxu aj Ougo ~yxxgdl fodw fgccgadu aj~ia~ci ox rguk jraf mydlir$
Rihyeih uagc faguxyri odh izo~axrodu~groxgad fow gderioui codhhilrohoxgad odh hiuirxgjgeoxgad$
Gderiouih uagc cauu odh iraugad fow rihyei olrgeycxyroc ~rahyexgzgxw gduafi oriou$
Olrgeycxyri fow i}~odh gd ~rahyexgzgxw gd darxmird oriou$
Miocxm Miox uxriuu odh emodlgdl ~oxxirdu gd xmi aeeyrridei aj hguioui ziexaruojjiexgdl miocxm$
Gderiouiu gd idhifge farbghgxw odh farxocgxw bieoyui aj hgorrmaioc
hguioui gd Uayxm odh Uayxmioux Ougo$ Gderioui gd xmi obydhodei odh!ar zgrycidei aj emaciro gd Uayxm Ougo$ \i fow ouuyfi ugfgcor ~oxxirdu jar oqyoxge odgfoc miocxm$
Xirriuxrgoc ieauwuxifu Gderiouih rguk aj i}xgdexgad jar fodw u~iegiu ou o riuycx aj xmi uwdirlguxgeijjiexu aj ecgfoxi emodli odh mobgxox jrolfidxoxgad$
Darxm|orh umgjx gd xmi i}xidx aj barioc jariux gd Darxm Ougo# ocxmaylmcgkicw gderioui gd jriqyidew odh i}xidx aj jariux jgriu eaych cgfgx jariuxi}~odugad$
Eaouxoc padiu Xidu aj fgccgadu aj ~ia~ci gd ca|&cwgdl eaouxoc oriou aj Uayxm odhUayxmioux Ougo ojjiexih bw uio&cizic rgui odh od gderioui gd xmi gdxidugxwaj xra~geoc ewecadiu odh uxarf uyrliu$
Eaouxoc gdydhoxgad gu cgkicw xa ojjiex uirgayucw xmi oqyoeycxyri gdhyuxrw
odh gdjrouxryexyri ~orxgeycorcw gd miozgcw&~a~ycoxih filo hicxou$ Uxobgcgxw aj |ixcodhu# fodlraziu# odh earoc riiju gderiougdlcw xmrioxidih$ Uocgdgpoxgad aj hicxou ojjiexu |oxir qyocgxw odh ieauwuxif uirzgeiu$
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Zycdirobci eaydxrgiu gd Ougo xmox hi~idh ad rgzir odh hicxoge jgumirgiu bouih ad xmi Mgfocowod faydxogd
uwuxif# uyem ou xmi Gdhyu# Bromfo~yxro# Lodlo odh Fikadl# fow bi uyb`iexih xa iorcgir uiouad ~iok
jca|u odh ~axidxgoc rihyexgad gd jca|u ou o riuycx aj rihyeih uda|jocc odh ficxgdl -Bordixx ix oc$ 2>>9#
Eryp ix oc$ 2>>>7b' gd o ucglmxcw hgjjiridx odocwugu aj emodlgdl lcaboc forgdi eo~xyri jgumirgiu eoxem
~axidxgoc gd xmi 9>&wior ~irgah bix|iid 2>>9 odh 2>99# jaydh xmox xmi eaydxrgiu gd Ougo xmox |iri cgkicw
xa bi faux ojjiexih ad o foera&ieadafge cizic bw hiecgdgdl eoxem ~axidxgoc -g$i$ eaydxrgiu |gxm ugldgjgeodx
IIPu odh doxgadoccw ugldgjgeodx jgumirgiu' |iri Emgdo odh Gdhadiugo$ Xra~geoc eaydxrgiu |iri ologd uiid
xa xoki xmi lrioxiux mgx gd xirfu aj eoxem ~axidxgoc odh xra~geoc Ougod doxgadu |iri i}~iexih xa uyjjiruaega&ieadafge odh jaah uieyrgxw ricoxih cauuiu ou o riuycx aj rihyegdl eoxem ~axidxgoc$
Ydhiruxodhgdl lidhir&ricoxih ~oxxirdu aj zycdirobgcgxw gd xmi rilgad
Xmi ijjiexu aj ecgfoxi emodli ori cgkicw xa ojjiex fid odh |afid hgjjiridxcw bieoyui aj lidhir
hgjjirideiu gd eycxyroc# uaegoc odh ieadafge raciu# ~ra~irxw rglmxu odh oeeiuu xa gdjarfoxgad$ Fodw uxyhgiu
mozi hixirfgdih# xmox gd gdiqygxobci uaegixgiu# ~aar |afid ori fari zycdirobci xa doxyroc hguouxiru
lgzid uaegoccw&hixirfgdih lidhir raciu odh bimozgayr -^oxx ix oc$2>>7'$ Xmi jglyriu ori hizouxoxgdl# |gxm
|afid odh emgchrid bigdl ?8 xgfiu fari cgkicw xa hgi xmod fid hyrgdl o hguouxir -GYED 2>>>8 xuydofg ~razghih o ecior
~gexyri aj xmi hgjjiridx zycdirobgcgxgiu bix|iid lidhiru ou fari |afid hgih xmod fid gd Gdhadiugo
odh Urg Codko# jar i}of~ci# foci uyrzgzaru ayxdyfbir jifoci uyrzgzaru bw 5 ar 8 xa ? -Hozgu ix oc$ 2>>9#
egxih gd GYED 2>>??'$ Xmiri gu ocua
o lrioxir dyfbir aj |afid xmod fid |arkgdl gd xmi gdjarfoc uiexar# |mgem mou biid xmi |arux mgx odh
cioux obci xa rieazir jraf xmi ijjiexu aj ~oux hguouxiru$ -Dicuad ix oc$ 2>>2'$ Ojxir o hguouxir# mayuimach
|arkcaoh gderiouiu uybuxodxgoccw# jaregdl lgrcu xa hra~ ayx aj uemaac xa mic~ |gxm xmi mayuimach emariu$Gd xmi jgum ~raeiuugdl uiexar o corli ~arxgad aj xmi cobayr gu hadi bw jifoci |arkiru# xmyu odw xmriox xa
jgumirw ar oqyoeycxyri ~rahyexgad fow mozi o hgu~ra~arxgadoxi lidhir gf~oex$
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Azirocc gf~cgeoxgadu jar uyuxogdobci hizica~fidx gd Ougo
O dyfbir aj eaydxrgiu gd xmi rilgad ori emoroexirgpih bw mglm
~a~ycoxgad hidugxgiu odh lra|xm roxiu# ocadl |gxm ro~gh roxiu aj
gdhyuxrgocgpoxgad odh yrbodgpoxgad# ~coegdl gdxidui ~riuuyri ad
doxyroc riuayreiu# gdecyhgdl kiw codhueo~iu uyem ou jcaah ~cogdu#
jariuxu odh rgzir bougdu$ Xmi iraugad aj xmi ieauwuxif uirzgeiu xmiuiuwuxifu ~razghi bw hizica~fidx xridhu odh ecgfoxi emodli |gcc
~coei ~a~ycoxgadu gd o ~augxgad aj lrioxir zycdirobgcgxw$ ^oxxirdu aj
fglroxgad odh eadjcgex ori cgkicw xa bi gdjcyideih bw xmiui
~oxxirdu$ Jaah uieyrgxw odh roxiu aj focdyxrgxgad ori cgkicw xa bi diloxgzicw gf~oexih bieoyui aj xmi
uidugxgzgxw aj olrgeycxyroc uwuxifu$ \gxmayx o~~ra~rgoxi fiouyriu# xmi ieadafge lra|xm aj Ougo gu cgkicw
xa uca| ha|d ou o riuycx aj ecgfoxi emodli odh xmi eaduiqyideiu aj yduyuxogdobci hizica~fidx
~oxxirdu$ Jgdodegoc eauxu ouuaegoxih |gxm hofoli xa gdjrouxryexyri odh ~ra~irxw ou o riuycx aj i}xrifi
izidxu ori ~ra`iexih xa rgui$ Xmi ~aar ori cgkicw xa bi hgu~ra~arxgadoxicw gf~oexih bw ~ra`iexih xridhu#
odh ~azirxw roxiu fow gderioui$
Uaega&ieadafge gf~cgeoxgadu aj ecgfoxi emodli jar Ougo
Hiu~gxi xmi ydeirxogdxw azir xmi caeoc gf~oexu aj ecgfoxi emodli# gx gu |ghicw ydhiruxaah xmox hizica~gdl
eaydxrgiu# ~orxgeycorcw ~aar eaffydgxgiu cgzgdl gd forlgdoc eadhgxgadu# |gcc i}~irgidei o hgu~ra~arxgadoxicw
diloxgzi gf~oex$ Xmi Uxird rizgi| eadecyhih xmox hizica~gdl eaydxrgiu ori gdmiridxcw fari zycdirobci
xa ecgfoxi emodli$ Xmi joexaru riu~adugbci -Uxird 2>>??$
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Gd xmi jgumirw odh oqyoeycxyri uiexaru# zycdirobgcgxgiu xa eaouxoc uxarfu odh jcaahgdl ori ocriohw o riocgxw
|gxm corli hgu~coeifidxu aj ~ia~ci aeeyrrgdl rilycorcw# odh gx gu cgkicw xmox xmi uizirgxw aj gf~oexu |gcc
gderioui$ Xmgu rigdjareiu xmi diih jar fari oxxidxgad xa bi ~ogh xa oho~xoxgad o~~raoemiu odh
zycdirobgcgxw rihyexgad$
O coek aj ohiqyoxi |oxir gdjrouxryexyri odh fodolifidx
Ou hizica~gdl eaydxrgiu ori mglmcw hi~idhidx ad |oxir jar ieadafge lra|xm odh hizica~fidx odh ori
uxryllcgdl xa fodoli eyrridx cizicu aj |oxir hifodh; ecgfoxi emodli gu cgkicw xa diloxgzicw gf~oex |oxir
ozogcobgcgxw odh xmgu# eafbgdih |gxm ~a~ycoxgad lra|xm# gu cgkicw xa hguohzodxoli hizica~gdl eaydxrgiu
jyrxmir$
Ca| gdeafiu odh ydhirhizica~ih jgdodegoc forkixu
Xmi eo~oegxw aj xmi ~aar xa rieazir jraf i}xrifi izidxu# xmraylm xo~~gdl gdxa erihgx# caodu odh
gduyrodei# gu zirw ca|$ Ox xmi doxgadoc cizic# xmiri gu o coek aj uyjjgegidx jgdodegoc riuirziu ozogcobci xa
eyumgad ieadafgiu jraf ecgfoxi emodli umaeku gd ~aarir hizica~gdl eaydxrgiu$
Coek aj ijjiexgzi ~ybcge uirzgeiu
O coek aj riuayreiu xa uy~~arx ~ybcge uirzgeiu# eafbgdih |gxm ~aar lazirdodei# gdecyhgdl earry~xgad#
lidiroccw cioh xa ciuu ijjiexgzi hizica~fidx aj eryegoc ~ybcge uiexar uirzgeiu xmox eaych rihyei xmi
gf~oexu aj ecgfoxi emodli ad ~ia~ciu cgzicgmaahu -i$l$ hguouxir |ordgdl odh fodolifidx uwuxifu#
eadxrac aj hguioui ayxbrioku'$
Eyrridx ~oxxirdu aj lra|xm odh hizica~fidx gd xmi rilgad fiod xmox eirxogd eaydxrgiu gd Ougo ori cgkicw
xa i}gx xmi fari zycdirobci broekix odh bieafi gderiougdlcw bixxir iqyg~~ih xa hioc |gxm ecgfoxi
emodli# byx gd axmir oriou ecgfoxi emodli |gcc ifirli ou o joex xmox eaych cgfgx lra|xm odh hizica~fidx
~rau~iexu gd o dyfbir aj eaydxrgiu# jar gduxodei -Uxird 2>>
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Ecgfoxi emodli oho~xoxgad odh fgxgloxgad gd xmi jgumirgiu odh
oqyoeycxyri uiexaru
Mozgdl caakih ox xmi fogd gf~cgeoxgadu aj ecgfoxi emodli# xmgu
uiexgad i}ofgdiu ma| xmi jgumirgiu odh oqyoeycxyri uiexaru gd Ougo
umaych riu~adh xa xmi xmrioxu odh eoyuiu aj ecgfoxi emodli gd arhir
xa uojilyorh ieadafgiu# cgzicgmaahu odh ergxgeoc ieauwuxifu$
Riu~aduiu xa ecgfoxi emodli diih xa eadughir x|a braoh guuyiu0
fokgdl oho~xoxgadu gd xmi uiexaru gd arhir xa |gxmuxodh
diloxgzi gf~oexu ou |icc ou xa eo~gxocgpi ad odw
a~~arxydgxgiu; odh
fgxgloxgdl xmi ~axidxgoc eadxrgbyxgad aj xmiui uiexaru xa
lriidmayui lou ifguugadu$
Xmi G^EE rijiru xa oho~xoxgad ~roexgeiu ou oexyoc oh`yuxfidxu# ar
emodliu gd uaegoc# ieadafge ar ieacalgeoc uwuxifu# |mgem fow ycxgfoxicw idmodei riugcgidei ar rihyeizycdirobgcgxwxa abuirzih ar i}~iexih ecgfoxge uxgfycg ar xmigr ijjiexu -G^EE 2>>?o'$
Fgxgloxgad gu hijgdih bw xmi G^EE ou xiemdacalgeoc emodliu odh uybuxgxyxgadu xmox rihyei riuayrei gd~yxu
odh ifguugadu ~ir ydgx aj ayx~yx; xmgu iuuidxgoccw fiodu gf~cifidxgdl ~acgegiu xa rihyei ifguugadu odh
idmodei eorbad ugdku -G^EE 2>>>='$
Oqyoeycxyri a~iroxgadu |gcc bi gf~oexih hgriexcw bw gderiougdl xif~iroxyriu odh ofbgidx idzgradfidxoceadhgxgadu xmox |gcc gf~oex ad jgum ~mwugacalw ou |icc ou |ioxmir izidxu odh uio&cizic rgui$ Gdhgriex joexaru
xmox diih xa bi eadughirih gdecyhi xmi ozogcobgcgxw odh!ar ojjarhobgcgxw aj jiih odh axmir gd~yxu# uyem
ou idirlw odh jrium|oxir$ Gd xirfu aj hgriex gf~oexu# xmiui |gcc bi caeoccw zorgobci odh ~axidxgoccw hgjjgeycx
xa ~rihgex |gxm eirxogdxw# riqygrgdl gduxgxyxgadoc jci}gbgcgxw odh riu~adugzidiuu xa bi obci xa ea~i |gxm
gf~oexu ou odh |mid xmiw mo~~id$
I}guxgdl i}of~ciu aj oho~xoxgad ricizodx xa jgumirgiu odh oqyoeycxyri
Fodw eaydxrgiu gd xmi rilgad mozi hizica~ih Doxgadoc Eaffydgeoxgadu ydhir xmi Ydgxih Doxgadu
Jrofi|ark Eadzidxgad ad Ecgfoxi Emodli -YDJEEE'# ayxcgdgdl kiw oho~xgzi fiouyriu$ I}guxgdl
o~~raoemiu xa ecgfoxi emodli oho~xoxgad eyrridxcw bigdl ~yruyih gd xmi rilgad gdecyhi0 xmi
gf~razifidx aj i}guxgdl eaouxoc ~raxiexgad uwuxifu; eaduirzoxgad odh ~codxgdl aj fodlrazi jariuxu;ricaeoxgad aj oqyoeycxyri jorfu odh axmir eaouxoc gdjrouxryexyri; gf~razifidxu gd xmi hiugld aj mayugdl
odh gdjrouxryexyri; fadgxargdl uio&cizic rgui odh fo~~gdl moporh odh zycdirobgcgxw rguku; odh gderiougdl
xmi o|oridiuu odh kda|cihli aj uxokimachiru$
Oho~xgzi eo~oeg xw zorgiu bix|iid
eaydxrgiu hi~idhgdl ad uaegoc uxrye&
xyri# eycxyri# ieadafge eo~oegxw#
lialro~mw odh cizic aj idzgrad&
fidxoc hilrohoxgad$
Eo~oegxw gu gderiougdl gd uafi ~orxu
aj Ougo# jar i}of~ci xmi uyeeiuu aj
iorcw |ordgdl uwuxifu jar i}xrifi
|ioxmir izidxu gd Bodlcohium# xmi
^mgcg~~gdiu odh Zgix Dof$ Ma|izir#
eo~oegxw gu uxgcc eaduxrogdih bieoyui
aj ~aar riuayrei bouiu# gdiqyocgxgiu
gd gdeafi# |iok gduxgxyxgadu odh
cgfgxih xiemdacalw$
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Uafi oho~xgzi oexgadu ori ifbihhih gd i}guxgdl gdxilroxih
fodolifidx xiemdgqyiu$ Jar gduxodei# Gdxilroxih Eaouxoc Padi
Fodolifidx -GEPF' ~razghiu o uxradl jrofi|ark jar oho~xoxgad
fiouyriu gd eaouxoc oriou odh gu oeearhgdlcw rijciexih gd xmi
Doxgadoc Eaffydgeoxgadu aj eaydxrgiu uyem ou Bodlcohium#
Gdhadiugo odh Focowugo$ Axmir eaydxrgiu fow mozi i}guxgdl GEPFuxroxilgiu xmox fow ar fow dax gdear~aroxi ecgfoxi emodli ricoxih
eadughiroxgadu# jar gduxodei Urg Codko mou od a~iroxgadoc Eaouxoc
Padi Fodolifidx ^cod -EPF^' xmox coeku o uio&cizic rgui
eaf~adidx -^icco|oxxo 2>?>'$
Axmir gdxilroxih o~~raoemiu gdecyhi Ieauwuxif&Bouih Fodolifidx -IBF' |mgem ~razghiu o fari
macguxge jrofi|ark jar ydhiruxodhgdl ma| fodolifidx gdxirzidxgadu umaych bi hizica~ih -^icco|oxxo
2>?>'$ Eaffydgxw&Bouih Oho~xoxgad -EBO' gu od o~~raoem xmox mou biid hizica~ih xa riu~adh xa xmi
u~iegjge xmrioxu joeih ox xmi eaffydgxw cizic$ EBO a~iroxiu ad xmi ~rgdeg~ci xmox ~aar odh zycdirobci
eaffydgxgiu eod bi uy~~arxih odh if~a|irih xa gderioui xmigr a|d riugcgidei xa ecgfoxi emodli
-^icco|oxxo 2>?>'$
Oho~xoxgad xmraylm gf~razih lazirdodei
Gx umaych bi riealdgpih xmox eyrridx ~oxxirdu aj jgumirgiu odh
oqyoeycxyri fodolifidx# izid bijari xokgdl gdxa eadughiroxgad
ecgfoxi emodli gf~oexu# rijciex lazirdodei cgfgxoxgadu# |gxm
gdohiqyoxi fodolifidx odh idjareifidx rilgfiu odh ~aar
erauu&uiexaroc eaarhgdoxgad$ Gx gu iuxgfoxih xmox >='$ Ricoxgzicw rieidx iuxgfoxiu uma| xmoxxmi bgafouu aj eaouxoc jgumirw riuayreiu gd Uayxm odh Uayxmioux
Ougo mozi hg~~ih xa ou ca| ou 9 ~ireidx aj xmigr ~ri&jgumirgiu
i}~odugad cizicu odh y~~ir cgfgxu mazir ox adcw 5> ~ireidx# |gxm
corlir# zocyobci u~iegiu xokgdl xmi brydx aj xmgu hiecgdi -Ugcziuxri
ix oc$ 2>>5'$ Izir&gderiougdl lcaboc hifodh jar uiojaah gu hrgzgdl
xmi ro~gh lra|xm aj xmi oqyoeycxyri uiexar$ Ma|izir# codh
ozogcobgcgxw# uyuxogdobci jiih uayregdl odh xmi emoccidli aj
ohmirgdl xa idzgradfidxoc odh jaah uxodhorhu azirumoha| xmi gdhyuxrwu lra|xm$ Ajxid ~acgew olidhou
ori uix ad xmi bougu aj ~rieihidx odh xrohgxgad odh ori roricw o ecgdgeoc riu~adui xa if~grgeoccw hixirfgdih
joexu# |mgem gu adi aj xmi riouadu |mw gx gu hgjjgeycx xa lix jgumirgiu ~acgegiu xa fazi o|ow jraf xmi dorra|
mguxargeoc jaeyu aj uixxgdl ~rahyexgad xorlixu -GFF 2>>2'$
Uy~~arxgdl lazirdodei odh doxyroc riuayrei fodolifidx gduxgxyxgadu xa bi jci}gbci odh riu~adugzi xa
yd~rihgexobci doxyroc izidxu ou |icc ou xa gdear~aroxi erauu&uiexaroc eadughiroxgadu |gcc bi ergxgeoc gd xmi
joei aj ecgfoxi emodli$ Jar i}of~ci# oho~xoxgad fiouyriu jar xmi jrium|oxir oqyoeycxyri uybuiexar ori
adcw cgkicw xa bi uyeeiuujyc gj eorrgih ayx ad o |oxirumih cizic# mgdlgdl ad erauu&uiexaroc eaarhgdoxgad
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ou o eryegoc jgrux uxi~$ Hieidxrocgpoxgad# eaf~rimidugzi uxokimachir eaduycxoxgad# xmi ~riuidxoxgad aj
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oemgizgdl xmgu -Bidi ix oc$ 2>>>='$
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ecgfoxi emodli
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ecgfoxi emodli hrgziru -ziruyu axmir
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bi morh -odh eauxcw' xa hixirfgdi# rabyux
fodolifidx uxroxilgiu odh ~acgew |gcc
bi diihih# gdhi~idhidxcw aj xmi hrgzir
aj emodli$
Laah lazirdodei gu iuuidxgoc jar
ijjiexgzi oho~xoxgad
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fodolifidx odh lazirdodei mou dizir
biid lrioxir$ Jgumirgiu lazirdodei
~raeiuuiu xmox ori fiodgdljyccw uxoki&
machir gdecyugzi# xrodu~oridx# bouih ad
biux ~roexgei -i$l$ xmi gf~cifidxoxgad aj
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eahiu' odh xoekci guuyiu aj earry~xgadodh lray~ forlgdocgpoxgad# |gcc ~razghi
xmi uiexar# odh xmaui |maui cgzicgmaahu
odh jaah uieyrgxw hi~idh ad gx# |gxm
o bixxir emodei aj oho~xgdl xa ecgfoxi
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uxryexyriu xmox foki boh ~roexgeiu
cyeroxgzi fow bi od gf~arxodx eaf&
~adidx aj xmgu$
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Xrodu~oridew odh laah lazirdodei eod ~augxgzicw idmodei doxgadoc oho~xgzi eo~oegxw$ Kiw icifidxu fow
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occ uxokimachiru;
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egzgc uaegixw gduxgxyxgadu;
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caeoc diihu;
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lazirdodei;
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umarx&xirf ziuxih gdxiriuxu;
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fokgdl bahgiu; iduyrgdl jgumirgiu odh oqyoeycxyri eadughiroxgadu ori rijciexih gd kiw
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-GEF' odh xmi Ieauwuxif O~~raoem xa Jgumirgiu -IOJ' fodolifidx gd ~acgew ab`iexgziu eod
ouugux gd fokgdl gf~arxodx i}xrouiexaroc cgdku$ IOJ# jar gduxodei# eod bi cgdkih xa ieauwuxif&
bouih oho~xoxgad uyem ou xmi yui aj eaouxoc ieauwuxifu jar umaricgdi ~raxiexgad xmox eod ocua
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uwczgeycxyri -Xraicc 2>>7'; odh
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eo~oegxgiu aj fid odh |afid xa oho~x odh fgxgloxi ecgfoxi emodliu$ O u~iegjge jaeyu ad xmi~auugbci ohzodxoliu aj gf~cifidxgdl lidhir&uidugxgzi oho~xoxgad ~ra`iexu -GYED 2>>>7'$ Jyrxmirfari# gdxilroxih uacyxgadu xa ecgfoxi emodli eod mozi fycxg~ci bidijgxu gj erauu&uiexaroceadughiroxgadu ori xokid gdxa oeeaydx$ Jar gduxodei# xmi yui aj ri~codxih fodlrazi jar eaouxoc ~raxiexgad
baxm gf~raziu ~mwugeoc ~raxiexgad jraf eaouxoc uxarfu ou |icc ou ~razghiu gf~razih jgumirgiu riuayreiu
jar caeoc eaffydgxgiu -\HR 2>>?'$
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eo~oegxw bygchgdl aj jgumirgiu odh oqyoeycxyri cgdi fodolifidx olidegiu xa xoki ad hguouxir
~ri~orihdiuu odh riu~adui riu~adugbgcgxgiu;
~razghgdl xiemdgeoc i}~irxgui ad jgumirgiu guuyiu xa kiw olidegiu riu~adugbci jar hguouxir ricgij;
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uy~~arxgdl uxroxilge ~aux&hguouxir rimobgcgxoxgad oexgadu xmox gf~razi xmi oho~xgzi eo~obgcgxgiu
aj jgumirgiu odh oqyoeycxyri gdjrouxryexyri xmox fow mozi biid hofolih;
gdziuxgdl gd |ioxmir gdjarfoxgad odh uxarf |ordgdl uwuxifu; odh
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odh oqyoeycxyri uiexaru fow bi zycdirobci xa ecgfoxi odh forkix
hrgzid emodliu$ Uy~~arxgdl lrioxir jci}gbgcgxw gd cgzicgmaah
uxroxilgiu xmraylm bygchgdl xmi cgzicgmaah ouuix boui |gcc byjjir
xmi gf~oexu aj ecgfoxi emodli ad ~ia~ciu cgzicgmaahu -Boh`iek
ix oc$ 2>>7'$ Jar gduxodei# ~yruygdl fg}ih cgzicgmaah uxroxilgiu |gxm
hgjjiridx oexgzgxgiu xmox zorw gd xmigr ecgfoxi riu~adui odh
uidugxgzgxw |gcc bi gf~arxodx jar oqyoeycxyri&hi~idhidx
cgzicgmaahu ou |icc ou eo~xyri jgumirgiu&hi~idhidx cgzicgmaahu
-Occguad ix oc$ 2>>>
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Gd eirxogd caeocgxgiu# eo~xyri jgumirgiu odh oqyoeycxyri a~iroxgadu fow bi ohzodxolih bw ecgfoxi emodli
ricoxih gf~oexu# ~razghgdl di| a~~arxydgxgiu jar xmaui baxm |gxmgd odh ayxughi xmi uiexar$ Jar gduxodei#
gdcodh jcaahgdl fow erioxi di| mobgxoxu jar jrium|oxir eo~xyri odh oqyoeycxyri a~iroxgadu odh xmi caeoc
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gdzaczih gd ufocc&ueoci oqyoeycxyri# xmiri gu lriox uea~i jar xmi hgzirugjgeoxgad aj oqyoeycxyri a~iroxgadu
ou od oho~xgzi uxroxilw xmraylm gderiougdl xmi dyfbir aj u~iegiu bigdl eycxyrih$ Xmgu eod ~razghi o jarf
aj gduyrodei jar hgjjgeycx xa ~rihgex ecgfoxi emodli ueidorgau odh!ar caeoc ecgfoxi emodli gf~oexu#
~orxgeycorcw |gxm rilorh xa izidxu uyem ou hguioui ayxbrioku ar forkix umgjxu -Hi Ugczo odh Ua