the postwar boom 27 chapter overview time lines transparencies chapter assessment postwar america...
TRANSCRIPT
The Postwar BoomThe Postwar Boom2727CHAPTERCHAPTER
Overview
Time Lines
Transparencies
Chapter Assessment
Postwar America
The American Dream in the Fifties
Popular Culture
The Other America
SECTION 1
SECTION 2
SECTION 3
SECTION 4
THEMES IN CHAPTER 27
The Postwar BoomThe Postwar Boom2727CHAPTERCHAPTER
Economic Opportunity
Women in America
Science and Technology
“Never before so much for so few.”
Life magazine, 1954
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Expanding Democracy
The Postwar BoomThe Postwar Boom2727CHAPTERCHAPTER
What do you know?
• What are your impressions of the people, events, popular culture, fashions, and problems of the 1950s?
• On what sources do you base these impressions?
• Which sources do you think are most accurate? Why?
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Time LineTime Line2727CHAPTERCHAPTER
The United States
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1954 Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka ruling orders the desegregation of public schools.
1957 President Eisenhower backs integration of public schools with federal troops.
1947 Congress passes anti-union Taft-Hartley Act.
1948 Southern Democrats called Dixiecrats form States’ Rights Democratic Party.
1949 National Housing Act calls for urban renewal.
Time LineTime Line2727CHAPTERCHAPTER
The World
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1960 War begins in the Congo.
1949 China becomes Communist under Mao Zedong.
1948 UN mandates creation of the nation of Israel. Mahatma Gandhi is assassinated in India.
1952 Mau Mau Revolt shakes Kenya.
1956 Soviets suppress Hungarian uprising.
1950 Korean War begins.
1959 Vietnam War begins. Fidel Castro comes to power in Cuba.
Postwar America1
Learn About
the social, economic, and political readjustment of the United States following World War II.
To Understand
the new prosperity and rising conservatism.
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SECTION
Postwar America1 HOME
SECTION
Key Idea
As Americans try to put the nightmare of World War II behind them and begin rebuilding their lives, the economy booms and the country becomes more conservative.
Section
Postwar America1
Assessment
What are some of the key events relating to postwar America?
SUMMARIZING
1
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SECTION
1946 1947 1948 1952
•Postwar unemployment
peaks.•Strikes break out.•Republican Party
controls the House
and Senate.•Truman appoints
Committee on Civil Rights.
•Congress passes
anti-union Taft-
Hartley Act.
•Truman integrates
the armed forces.• Dixiecrats form
States’ Rights
Democratic Party.• Truman wins
presidency.
•Eisenhower wins
presidency.
Section
Postwar America1
Do you think Eisenhower’s actions reflected his philosophy of dynamic conservatism?
DRAWING CONCLUSIONS
Assessment1
• the definition of dynamic conservatism• Eisenhower’s civil rights policies• Eisenhower’s accomplishments on other domestic issues
THINK ABOUT
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SECTION
Section
Postwar America1
Assessment1
If you had voted in the 1952 presidential election, would you have cast your ballot for Governor Adlai Stevenson or General Dwight D. Eisenhower?
MAKING DECISIONS
• each candidate’s background and political experience• the previous presidents• Republicans’ criticisms of Democrats• Eisenhower’s running mate
THINK ABOUT
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SECTION
The American Dream in the Fifties2
Learn About
the material comforts that many Americans enjoyed in the 1950s.
To Understand
the benefits and costs of pursuing the American dream.
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SECTION
The American Dream in the Fifties2 HOME
SECTION
Key Idea
Many Americans find their dream of material comfort and economic prosperity realized. But some find the cost too high.
The American Dream in the Fifties2
Section Assessment2
What were some examples of specific goals that characterized the American dream for suburbanites in the 1950s?
SUMMARIZING
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THE AMERICAN DREAM
•Man is the breadwinner who works at a white-collar job.•Woman takes care of home and children.
•Two or three children•Close family ties•Single-family home in suburbia•One or two cars•Television
•Conformity•Material goods = success
Values Home/Family Work
The American Dream in the Fifties2
Section
Do you think that the life of a typical suburban homemaker during the 1950s was more like a dream come true or a living nightmare?
FORMING OPINIONS
Assessment2
• the homemaker’s responsibilities• job opportunities for women
THINK ABOUT
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SECTION
The American Dream in the Fifties2
Section Assessment2
In what ways do you think that the current environmental consciousness is related to the “throwaway society” of the 1950s?
RECOGNIZING EFFECTS
• the purchasing habits of 1950s consumers• the effects of planned obsolescence • today’s emphasis on recycling
THINK ABOUT
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Popular Culture3
Learn About
television, radio, movies, literature, and music in the 1950s.
To Understand
how mass popular culture reflected middle-class values and how some subcultures dissented from those values.
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SECTION
Popular Culture3 HOME
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Key Idea
Mass popular culture booms, largely because of television. While the media generally reflect mainstream middle-class values, a vital counterculture flourishes.
Section
Popular Culture3
Assessment33
Who were some of the idols of popular culture in the 1950s? What art form were they associated with? What were their major accomplishments?
SUMMARIZING
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Personality Art Form Accomplishments
Lucille Ball
Edward R. Murrow
Alfred Hitchcock
Sidney Poitier
Elvis Presley
Jack Kerouac
television star of I Love Lucy
television host of Person to Person
movies director of thrillers
movies actor
music rock ´n´ roll star
beat novelist and author of On the Roadliterature
Section
Popular Culture3
In what ways were the rock ´n´ roll musicians and the beat poets of the 1950s similar and different?
COMPARING AND CONTRASTING
Assessment33
• the values the musicians and poets believed in• people’s reactions to them
THINK ABOUT
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Section
Popular Culture3
Based on what you learned about television of the 1950s, do you agree with Newton Minow’s statement that “Television is . . . a vast wasteland”?
FORMING OPINIONS
Assessment33
• the types of shows that appeared on television• the way characters were portrayed and the values they expressed
THINK ABOUT
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The Other America4
Learn About
the existence of poverty in the United States in the 1950s.
To Understand
the other side of the American dream.
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The Other America4 HOME
SECTION
Key Idea
Many Americans suffer from poverty and racial discrimination despite unprecedented economic prosperity in the nation.
Section
The Other America4
Assessment4
What were some of the common problems faced by African Americans, Mexican Americans, and native Americans during the 1950s?
SUMMARIZING
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SECTION
African Americans
Native Americans
Mexican Americans
inadequate housing
limited job opportunities
poverty
limited social mobility
few advocates among mainstream public
second-class citizenship
Section
The Other America4
Do you think that urban renewal was an effective approach to the housing problem in inner cities?
FORMING OPINIONS
Assessment4
• the goals of the National Housing Act of 1949• the claims made by some critics of urban renewal
THINK ABOUT
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Section
The Other America4
Assessment4
Which major population shift—“white flight,” migration from Mexico, or relocation of Native Americans—do you think had the greatest impact on society? Why?
DRAWING CONCLUSIONS
• the impact of “white flight”• the outcome of Operation Wetback• the effects of the termination
THINK ABOUT
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Chapter 27 Assessment
1. How did the GI Bill of Rights help World War II veterans make the transition to civilian life?
2. What domestic and foreign issues concerned voters during the 1952 presidential election?
3. What similar legislative measures did Presidents Truman and Eisenhower push through Congress?
4. What shift in employment trends had occurred by the mid-1950s?
5. How did life in the suburbs provide the model for the American dream?
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Chapter 27 Assessment
6. What strategies did radio stations use to counteract the mass popularity of television?
7. How did the values of the beatniks differ from those of mainstream America of the 1950s?
8. How did African-American performers influence American popular culture in the 1950s?
9. How did many major cities change in the 1950s?
10. What obstacles to improving their lives did Native Americans face in the 1950s?
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