The portion of the molecule in box 5 of Figure 12-1 is:

a hydro

gen bond.

a pyrimidine.

a nucleotide

a phosphate

.

4%

68%

24%

4%

1. a hydrogen bond.

2. a pyrimidine.3. a nucleotide4. a phosphate.

The final product of DNA replication is:

DNA fr

agments.

mRNA, tR

NA, and rR

NA...

two DNA m

olecules,

eac...

the enzy

mes needed fo

r ...

0% 0%

83%

17%

1. DNA fragments.2. mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA

molecules.3. two DNA molecules, each

of which contains one new and one old DNA strand.

4. the enzymes needed for further processes, such as DNA polymerase

Which of the following cause the unwinding of the DNA double helix?

Primoso

me

DNA helic

ase

RNA primer

RNA polymera

se

DNA polym

erase

4%

48%

36%

8%4%

1. Primosome2. DNA helicase3. RNA primer4. RNA polymerase5. DNA polymerase

A replication fork:

is a

site w

here one D

NA ...

is cr

eated by th

e action ..

is only

seen in

proka

ryot..

is a

Y-shaped st

ructu

re ...

5%

73%

9%14%

1. is a site where one DNA strand serves as a template, but the other strand is not replicated.

2. is created by the action of the enzyme RNA polymerase.

3. is only seen in prokaryotic chromosomes.

4. is a Y-shaped structure where both DNA strands are replicated simultaneously.

Which of the following adds new nucleotides to a growing DNA chain?

DNA polym

erase

Primase

RNA polymera

se

DNA helic

ase

RNA primer

60%

16%

8%

0%

16%

1. DNA polymerase2. Primase3. RNA polymerase4. DNA helicase5. RNA primer

Why does DNA synthesis only proceed in the 5' to 3' direction?

Because

that is

the dire

c...

Because

that is

the only

...

Because

the ch

romoso

m..

Because

the 3'end of t

h...

Because

DNA polym

erase...

0%

9%

26%30%

35%1. Because that is the direction in which the two strands of DNA unzip.

2. Because that is the only direction that the polymerase can be oriented.

3. Because the chromosomes are always aligned in the 5'to 3'direction in the nucleus.

4. Because the 3'end of the polynucleotide molecule is more electronegative than the 5'end.

5. Because DNA polymerases can only add nucleotides to the 3'end of a polynucleotide strand.

The 5' end of each Okazaki fragment begins with:

a DNA primer b

inding to...

a separa

te RNA primer.

the sa

me RNA primer t

h..

a small

DNA prim

er.

DNA polym

erase

binding...

32%

52%

4%0%

12%

1. a DNA primer binding to the template DNA.

2. a separate RNA primer.3. the same RNA primer that

began synthesis on the leading strand.

4. a small DNA primer.5. DNA polymerase binding

to the template DNA.

The DNA strand that is replicated smoothly and continuously is called the:

primary st

rand.

first st

rand.

leading s

trand.

alpha stra

nd.

lagging st

rand

16%

0% 0%4%

80%1. primary strand.2. first strand.3. leading strand.4. alpha strand.5. lagging strand

Okazaki fragments are joined together by:

DNA polym

erase

.

DNA lig

ase

RNA ligase

.

primase

.

RNA polymera

se.

8%

54%

8%

17%13%

1. DNA polymerase.2. DNA ligase3. RNA ligase.4. primase.5. RNA polymerase.

What is the rounded hourglass-shaped

globule?

Helic

ase

Nitr

ogen base

Ribosome

DNA

55%

0%

15%

30%1. Helicase2. Nitrogen base3. Ribosome4. DNA

According to Chargaff’s rule the following proportion exists in DNA

G=C

G>C

G<C

C=T

70%

22%

4%4%

a. G=C

b.G>C

c. G<C

d.C=T

If one side of the DNA strand is GTAATC, the other side will be this

GTAATC

ACGGCT

CATTAG

GGGCCC

8%0%

75%

17%

1. GTAATC2. ACGGCT3. CATTAG4. GGGCCC

The nitrogen bases of the DNA molecule are held together by these

Covalent b

onds

Phosphodieste

r bonds

Hyd

rogen bonds

Glue

9% 4%

83%

4%

1. Covalent bonds2. Phosphodiester

bonds3. Hydrogen bonds4. Glue

DNA is described as a double helix. Why?

A. It is

made of t

wo str..

.

B. It has t

wo complim

en...

C. Eve

ry part

of DNA ha...

D. It

can re

plicate its

elf a..

8%0%0%

92%A. It is made of two

strands of RNA.B. It has two

complimentary strands that are coiled in a spiral.

C. Every part of DNA has a matching part on another chromosome.

D. It can replicate itself and made an identical copy.

What term describes the phosphate, sugar, and nitrogenous base groups

that make up DNA?

A. RNA

B. thym

ine

C. nucle

otide

D. p

yrimidine

4% 0%

84%

12%

A. RNAB. thymineC. nucleotideD. pyrimidine

The process of copying a gene's DNA sequence into a sequence of RNA is called

Replication

Transcription

Translation

PCR

21%

0%

29%

50%1. Replication2. Transcription3. Translation4. PCR

The transcribing enzyme is

Ligase

DNA polym

erase

RNA polymera

se

amino-acyl tr

ansfera

se

8% 4%

71%

17%

1. Ligase2. DNA polymerase3. RNA polymerase4. amino-acyl

transferase

Which molecule contains the genetic code?

RNA D

NA

mRNA

tRNA

0% 0%

13%

87%1. RNA2. DNA3. mRNA4. tRNA

Transcription occurs along a ____ template forming an mRNA in the ____ direction.

5' to 3'; 5

' to 3‘

5' to 3'; 3

' to 5‘

3' to 5'; 5

' to 3‘

3' to 5'; 3

' to 5'

12%

0%

16%

72%1. 5' to 3'; 5' to 3‘2. 5' to 3'; 3' to 5‘3. 3' to 5'; 5' to 3‘4. 3' to 5'; 3' to 5'

RNA contains which bases?

adenine, thymine, g

uanin..

adenine, thymine, g

uani...

thym

ine, guanine, c

ytosin

..

adenine, guanine, c

ytosin

..

8%

58%

8%

25%

1. adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine, uracil

2. adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine

3. thymine, guanine, cytosine, uracil

4. adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil

Which mode of information transfer usually does not occur?

DNA to

DNA

DNA to

RNA

DNA to

prote

in

all occu

r in a w

orking ce

ll

14%5%

71%

10%

1. DNA to DNA2. DNA to RNA3. DNA to protein4. all occur in a

working cell

A DNA strand with the sequence AACGTAACG is transcribed. What is the sequence of the mRNA

molecule synthesized?

AACGTAACG

UUGCAUUGC

AACGUAACG

TTGCATTGC

0%

17%

0%

83%1. AACGTAACG2. UUGCAUUGC3. AACGUAACG4. TTGCATTGC

Which of the following features is common to both DNA replication and transcription?

Nucle

otides are

added t...

Deoxyri

bonucleotides a

r...

Both RNA and D

NA pol...

Both RNA and D

NA pol...

68%

8%0%

24%

1. Nucleotides are added to the 3' end of the newly synthesized strand

2. Deoxyribonucleotides are incorporated into the growing sequence

3. Both RNA and DNA polymerase require oligonucleotide priming

4. Both RNA and DNA polymerase initiate at promoter sequences

The process of producing an amino acid polymer (polypeptide) from a RNA template is called __.

replic

ation

transcr

iption

transla

tion

duplication

4%0%

70%

26%

1. replication2. transcription3. translation4. duplication

Each amino acid in a protein is specified by

several g

enes.

a promoter.

an mRNA m

olecu...

a codon.

4%

91%

4%0%

1. several genes.2. a promoter.3. an mRNA molecule.4. a codon.

When mRNA leaves the cell's nucleus, it next becomes associated with

proteins.

a riboso

me.

tRNA.

RNA polymera

se...

10%

0%

25%

65%1. proteins.2. a ribosome.3. tRNA.4. RNA polymerase.

Considering the structure of double stranded DNA, what kinds of bonds hold one complementary strand to

the other?

ionic

covale

nt

Van der Waa

ls

hydroge

n

hydrophobic

an...

0%9%

4%

87%

0%

1. ionic2. covalent3. Van der Waals4. hydrogen5. hydrophobic and

hydrophilic

What type of mutation is in the following DNA sequence? original: ATCGATCGCGAT

mutated: ATCGAACGCGAT

Inse

rtion

Transloca

tion Point

inversi

on

5% 5%

55%

36%1. Insertion2. Translocation3. Point4. inversion

In DNA guanine always pairs with

Adenine

Thymine

Cytosin

e U

racil

8%0%

83%

8%

1. Adenine2. Thymine3. Cytosine4. Uracil

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