the picking table volume 31, no. 2 fall 1990fomsnj.org/pdf/pickingtable/pt31-2.pdftabl journal of...

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JOURNAL of the FRANKLIN-OGDENSBURG MINERALOGICAL SOCIETY, INC.FALL, 1990 VOLUME 31, No. 2 PRICE $5,00

The contents of The Picking Table are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

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The FRANKLIN-OGDENSBURG MINERALOGICAL SOCIETY, Inc.

The Officers, Trustees, Committee Chainnen, Editorial Board, etc. for 1990

PresidentOmer S. Dean

Fir* Vice PresidentPhilip P. BetoKourt

Second Vice PresidentChester S. Lemanski, Jr.

SecretaryMaureen E. Woods

TreasurerJohnCianciulli

Assistant TreasurerSteven C. Misiur

Ciutodian (Slide CoBedkn)BdwaidH.Wilk

TrusteesJohn L. Baum (1990)Richard C. Bostwick (1991)Joseph Cilen (1991)Wan-en Cummings (1990)George Elling (1991)

Committee Chairmen & AssistantsAuditing—William J. TrostBanquet—Joe CilenDisplays—Steven C. Misiur

lOBumbleBee Lane,Norwafc, CT06851

410 Chester Avenue, Moorertown, N J 08057

309 Massachusetts Road, Brown Mills, NJ 08015

RD. #2, Box 440J, Branchville, N J 07826

60 Alpine Road, Sussex, NJ 07461

309 Femwood Terrace, Linden, NJ 07036

202 Boiling Springs Ave., East Rutherford, NJ 07073

Stephen £. Fritz (1991)Neal K. Resch (1990)William J. Trost (1990)Edward H. Wilk (1990)

Field Trip-Edward H. WifcField Trip (Ass't)—Warren Cumoaings

The Picking TableEditorial Board—John L. Baum, Richard C. Bostwick, Earl R. Verbeek, and Omer S. Dean (Editor)

Historical—John L. BaumIdentification—Bernard T. KozykowskiMineral Exchange—Richard C. BostwickNominating—William J. TrostProgram—Philip P. Betanconrt

PUBLICATIONS available from the FRANKLIN-OGDENSBURG MINERALOGICAL SOCIETY

TITLE

PALACHE, Charles (1935) The Minerals of Franklin and Sterling Hill, Sussex County,New Jersey. US. Geological Survey Professional Paper No. 180. Soft back edition,FOMS reprint 1974

FRONDEL, Clifford and BAUM, John L. (1974) Structure and Mineralogy of die FranklinZinc-Iron-Manganese Deposit, New Jersey. Economic Geology. Photocopies only

SHUSTER, Elwood Delos (1927) Historical Notes of the ben and 2mc Mining Industry inSussex County. New Jersey. Franklin Mineral Museum reprint

Proceedings Volume, Lehigh Symposium, Character and Origin

TABLE OF CONTENTS

From the Editor's Desk

Notes from the Laboratory

Journal of the FrankUn-OgdensburgMineralogical Society, Inc.

Volume31, Number!

TABLE

by Omer S. Dean

by Dr. Pete J. Dunn and John L Baum

Oinochrysotile Pseudomorphs from the Sterling Mine. Ogdensburg. New Jerseyby Carl A. Francis

A Note on Hastingsite from Franklin by Philip P. Betancourt

Page

2

3

-=-= — .,.- , -..

Notes on Some Franklin Streets

Mineral Notes

New to Science: Wawayandaite

Research Reports: Forsterite-Tephroite Series

Glaucochroite

The Lettish Symposium Storv

The P.O. M.S. FaU Activity Schedule

by Omer S. Dean 7

by John L. Baum 12

16

17

18

by Omer S. Dean 20/

24

ABOUT THE COVER PHOTOGRAPHS

The speakers at the Lehigh Symposium are shown in order of their appearance at the podium. Top row, left to right:Clifford Frondei (Harvard University), Avery A. Drake, Jr. (USGS, Reston, Va.) and Robert W. Metsger (N.J.Geological Survey). Center row, left to right: Peter B. Leavens (University of Delaware), Craig A. Johnson (YaleUniversity), and Paul B. Moore (University of Chicago). Bottom row, left to right: Carl A. Francis (HarvardUniversity) and Charles B. Sclar (Lehigh University). Manuel Robbins (to whom we all are indebted for conceivingthe idea of having this symposium and who pushed it all to fruition) is shown at bottom right. Cover photographscourtesy of Betty L. Dean.

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Omer S. Dean10 Bumble Bee LaneNorwalk, CT 06851

Lehigh Symposium Proceedings VolumeThe story of the Lehigh Symposium is covered

on page 20 in this issue. The Proceedings Volume, ismentioned only casually. Only 400 copies were printed,the price is $15 by mail or $12.50 at FOMS meetings orat the Society's table at various shows. The supply willmove quickly because it represents the most up-to-datebook in print concerning the character and origin of theFranklin-Sterling Hill orebodies. Dr. Charles B. Sclar,Professor of Geology, Lehigh University, has contactedEconomic Geology, American Mineralogist, CanadianMineralogist, etc. and provided these publications withinformation for their subscribers about the ProceedingsVolume, including how to order it from FOMS. Don'tput off getting your copy!

Editorial Board now has an additional memberI am pleased to announce that Earl R. Verbeek,

U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, has joined the PickingTable Editorial Board. Earl's expertise in geology, hiswriting skills, and his love of Franklin-Sterling Hillmineralogy make themselves readily evident in hiswork for this publication. Earl has agreed to do theabstracting of articles for the "Mineral Notes" section ofthe Picking Table in addition to the usual critique ofarticles submitted for possible publication. He hasprovided full input for this issue and removed consider-able burden from the Editor's shoulders. Welcomeaboard, Earl, and the membership thanks you!

Picking Table status reportThe FOMS's Xerox 630 Memorywriter is no

longer used in preparing the Picking Table. This issuehas been created on a Macintosh SE computer (en-hanced with a Dove accelerator and an additional 4 megRAM), using Aldus PageMaker and Adobe TypeMastersoftware, and an Apple ImageWriter II (dot-matrix printer)for printout. All photographs accompanying the text arestill pasted up manually; also, the front and back coversare still manual artwork layouts. However, this issue isa transition to better things. FOMS plans to purchase alaser printer later this year, a computer of its own in1991, and a scanner for reproducing photographs in1992.

I have agreed to remain Editor for a while longer.

However, this does not mean that the search for a newEditor should cease. FOMS needs the right person tostep forward, learn the ropes, and take over when theyfed comfortable with the duties and the equipment

FOMS visits the Sterling Hill Mining MuseumThe Society extends its thanks to Richard and

Robert Hauck for inviting FOMS to visit the SterlingHill Mining Museum premise on Plant Street inOgdensburg, New Jersey on June 16, 1990, followingthe regular FOMS meeting. Roughly forty memberstook advantage of this splendid opportunity to view theoperation prior to its official opening. Tour guides wereavailable to lead small groups through the various build-ings and tunnels, to offer explanations of what was beingviewed, to answer numerous questions, and to insure thesafety of the attendees during the tour. All of us wereimpressed by this tremendous undertaking by the Hauckfamily. The work accomplished already by the Haucksand their many dedicated volunteer workers is stagger-ing. The Sterling Hill Mining Museum and the FranklinMineral Museum make a wonderful one day trip andprovide a true learning experience for students, bus tourpatrons, mineral lovers, mining history buffs, etc.

Twelfth Annual FOMS DinnerSaturday, October 6, 1990, is the date for the

annual FOMS Dinner. Please see the inside back coverof this issue for details. Those of you who aren't familiarwith the annual dinner should try it. Not only is the foodgood, the price reasonable, the fellowship the best, butthere is a guest speaker and an auction. The auctioneditems include minerals, mining memorabilia, books,photographs, fun items, etc. The proceeds go to theFOMS for its use in pursuing its educational purposes.The key to a successful eve^ng js tn bring desirableitems to the auction, then just enjoy yourself!

Needed-an FOMS Display Committee ChairmanSteven Misiur has announced his intent to resign as theFOMS Displays Chairman at the end of the year. Stevehas done a masterful job in soliciting and displayingminerals on behalf of FOMS at several events each year.FOMS expresses its sincere appreciation!

(Continued on Page 11, See Editor)

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Dr. Pete J. DunnDepartment of Mineral Sciences

Smithsonian InstitutionWashington, DC 20560

John L. Baum, CuratorFranklin Mineral Museum

Evans StreetFranklin, NJ 07416

[Editor's Note: Each year a list of the mineral speciesoccurring in the Franklin and Sterling Hill area appearsas part of the official Program for the Franklin andSterling Mineral Exhibit, which takes place the firstweeked in October. The changes noted below apply tothat 1989 list]

Additions to the list

Antlerite: This species occurs as part of a thin filmencrusting rhodonite which is associated with andraditeand mica, from Franklin. The thin film is a mixture ofbrochantite, gypsum, and antlerite,

Breithauptite: This is a nickel antmonide mineralwhich was described in the Spring, 1990, issue of thePicking Table.

Marialite: This member of the scapolite group occursas a fight yellow 2-3 cm thick vein, bordered by graphiteand mica, and crosscutting calcite from the FranklinMarble.

Meta-ankolelte: This is a potassium uranium phos-phate hydrate mineral of the meta-autunite group. Itoccurs as light yellow minute crystals on Sterling Hillore, was found by Mr. John Buczinzky, and was verifiedby Dr. Eugene Foord of the U.S. Geological Surveyusing X-ray and chemical analytical methods.

Pharmacolite: This is a calcium arsenate hydratemineral which had been reported previously, in the1970s, but with inadequate proof. This occurrence, asminute colorless crystals on white calcite from SterlingHill, was found by Mr. John Buczinzky, and was veri-fied by Dr. Eugene Foord of the U.S. Geological Survey,using X-ray and chemical analytical methods.

Wawayandaite: This is a species new to the scienceand it was first discovered on a specimen from theFranklin Mine. An abstract of the description appears

elsewhere in this volume.

Changes to the list

Aegirine replaces acmite as a change in name only, to beconsistent with the new I.M.A. nomenclature! conven-tions for pyroxenes.

Gageite-lTc and Gageite-2M replace gageite on thelist Both polytypes are present at Franklin but areintermixed and cannot be distinguished without ad-vanced methods of study.

Halloysiteis deleted for lack of a known verified speci-men, A significant number of day specimens have beenexamined in the last 17 years, but no halloysite has beenfound.

Pennantite replaces grovesite in name only, in order tobe consistent with contemporary nomenclature conven-tions for these minerals.

Richterite: Examination of material thought to berichterite indicates that preliminary identification was inerror. It is deleted from the list.

Thorite is now considered validated and the qualifyingasterisk is removed. A specimen in the Franklin MineralMuseum has a few traces of thorite.

Changes to the unique list

Esperite is deleted from the unique list. It was reportedfrom the El Dragbn mine, Potosi, Bolivia, by Grundmannet al (1990) in Mineralogical Record, 21, 133-146.

Wawayandaite is added to the unique fist as a newspecies from Franklin.



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OUaiDceHury

Carl A. FrancisHarvard Mineralogical Museum

24 Oxford StreetCambridge, MA 02138-2902

IntroductionSignificant mineral specimens are occasionally

discovered by looking in unconventional places. It is wellknown that acid-insoluble residues of the Franklin Marblecan yield fine crystals of graphite (Palache, 1935) andother minerals. In the present case crushing centimeter-size franklinite grains and crude crystals liberated superbpseudomorphs up to 0.5 nun in diameter of the serpentine,clinochrysotile. This is a report of that discovery.

DiscoveryDuring investigation of specimens from the zinc

mines in Sussex County, New Jersey, as part of a largerstudy of the forsterite-tephroite solid-solution series(Francis, 1985), caramel-colored, translucent euhedrawere observed in the crushed fraction of a hand samplebelieved to be from the Sterling Mine (HI 13721). Thesample consists of coarse-grained forsterite, frankliniteand zintite in calcite. Hand picking of the crushed grainsin search of forsterite cleavages suitable for single crys-tal X-ray diffraction studies turned up about half a dozencrystals of a then-unidentified mineral which displayforms belonging to the isometric crystal system (Figures1 and 2). The crystals are dominantly octahedrons, sometruncated by faces of the rhombic dodecahedron, and arestriated parallel to the octahedral edges. Further search-ing produced a crystal attached to franklinite. Subsequentinspection of the franklinite chips and franklinite surfaceson the hand specimen established that the octahedrons oc-cur only as inclusions within franklinite and that they areabundant.

Optical DataThe opal-like translucency was the first clue that

the octahedrons are actually pseudomorphs, A simple op-

tical test firmly established the pseudomorphic characterof the octahedrons. Under cross polarized light the octa-hedrons were observed to consist of anisotropic radiatingfibers rather than the uniformly extinct (i.e. black) singlecrystals expected of an isometric mineral. This observation also suggested that the peculiar luster is due to thescattering of light from the surfaces of the fibers. Thefibers are length-slow and have an average refractiveindex of 1.56. One octahedron contained a highly bire-fringent inclusion but the crystal was lost before the iden-tity of the inclusion could be determined.

Chemical and X-ray DataSemiquantitative chemical data were obtained

using a Kevex energy-dispersive analytical system onHarvard's Cameca electron microprobe. Analysis re-vealed only magnesium and silicon, which severely lim-ited the possibilities among known minerals. Identifica-tion as the serpentine group mineral clinochrysotile,which is consistent with both the chemical and opticaldata, was made by the traditional X-ray powder filmmethod.

Subsequently, quantitative chemical analyses ofthe clinochrysotile, forsterite, and franklinite were madeby wavelength-dispersive methods. The results for clino-chrysotile in wt.% are: SiO2 41.24; A120, 0.49; FeO 0.67;MnO 0.70; MgO 39.40; ZnO 1.28; Total 83.78 wt.%.Thus, clinochrysotile shows only minor substitution ofAl, Fe, Mn and Zn for Mg. The total is low because thewater content cannot be determined by a microprobe.This specimen contains the most Mg-rich member of theforsterite-tephroite series reported from the SussexCounty zinc mines. This particular point analysis of for-sterite yields the empirical formula,Fefj01)Si04, which is consistent with but markedly lower

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in zinc than the average analysis repotted by Francis(1985). The franklinite formula, (Zn^5Mn0 33Fe017Mg0 J(Fe179Al0(9)O4) is consistent with the average composi-tion of Sterling Hill concentrates reported by Frondel andKlein (1965).

In the course of the quantitative analyses some ofthe pseudomorphs were observed to be multiphase. Mostof the additional minerals present were identified usingthe energy-dispersive system. The back-scattered elec-tron image (Figure 3) shows that about half of the sharplydefined pseudomorph is dinochrysotile (appears as darkgray and has a crackled appearance). The rest is barite(appears as white) and manganoan calcite (appears asmedium gray). Careful inspection of the calcite fieldreveals patches of a second calcite (appears as a paler grayin image) which has a higher manganese content. On theleft edge of the smaller barite field is a gray manganese-magnesium silicate (indicated as #6 in Figure 3) that maybe sonolite. The elongated mineral with the ragged out-line in the dinochrysotile field was not identified.

DiscussionThis study clearly established that the modified

octahedrons occurring as abundant inclusions in thefranklinite of sample HI 13721 are pseudomorphs pre-dominantly composed of clinochrysotile. No determina-tion of the antecedent mineral is yet possible as no rema-nent isotropic core has been found within the pseudo-morphs. The best clue to its identity is its morphology.The modified octahedral morphology of these pseudo-morphs is the typical habit of spinal-group minerals. 1suggest that the antecedent was a member of the spinelgroup, perhaps gahnite. Exsolution intergrowths ofgahnite in franklinite are described by Frondel and Klein(1965) and Carvalho and Sclar (1988). The accom-panying forsterite contains exsolved willemite (Francis,

Figure 1 (Top). Clinochrysotile pseudo-morph (0.40 mm diameter) embedded infranklinite showing an octahedron {111}modified by the rhombic dodecahedron{110}.

Figure 2 (Center). Clinochyrsotile pseudo-morph (0.43 mm diameter) on franklinite,which is on zincite.

Figure 3 (Left). Back-scattered electronimage of a multiphase pseudomorph (0.17mm diameter). Clinochrysotile shows as thedark gray mineral on the left with a crack-led appearance. Barite shows as white.Calcite shows as two shades of medium grayat right

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1985). If the franklinite originally crystallized with"excess" aluminum and magnesium, it is likely that itwould have exsolved a separate aluminous spinel-groupmineral, gahnite. The gahnite was later replaced by clino-chrysotile etc. providing microscopic evidence for a geo-logical event that is not at all obvious in a megascopicexamination of the hand sample. It is such latter hydro-thermal events that created the rich diversity of mineralsfor which these mines are so famous,

AcknowledgmentsI am grateful to David Lange for assistance with

the microprobe analyses and to Omer Dean for hisphotomicrography.

ReferencesCaravalho, A.V., and C.B. Sclar (1988) Experi-

mental determination of the ZnFe20^ - ZnAlp,, miscibil-ity gap with application to franklinite-gahnite exsolutionintergrowths from the Sterling Hill zinc deposit, N.J. Eco-nomic Geology, 83, 1447-1452.

Francis, C.A. (1985) New data on the forsterite-tephroite series. American Mineralogist, 70, 568-575.Frondel, C. and C. Klein, Jr. (1965) Exsolution in franklin-ite. American Mineralogist, 50, 1670-1680.

Palache, C, (1935) The minerals of Franklin andSterling Hill, New Jersey. U.S. Geological Survey Profes-sional Paper 180, 135 p.* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

FlaorescentAinerat Society

The Fluorescent Mineral Society is devoted to increasingthe knowledge of its members in the luminescence ofminerals with emphasis on fluorescence and phos-phorescence. The Society is international in itsmembership. It promotes increased knowledge in thisinteresting hobby with emphasis on collecting, displayingand understanding. To help all members, it publishes aninteresting bi-monthly newsletter called the UV WAVESand an annual, THE JOURNAL OF THE FLUORESCENTMINERAL SOCIETY. This stresses the scientific side ofthe hobby while the UV WAVES highlights the usualand ordinary applications of common interest to you.Membership information may be obtained by writing:

The Fluorescent Mineral SocietyP.O. Box 2694

Sepulveda, CA91343

Philip P. Betancourt410 Chester Avenue

Moorestown, NJ 08015

Five specimens of lustrous black amphibole fromassemblages away from the zinc ore at both Franklin andSterling Hill were analyzed at the U.S. National Museumby Pete J. Dunn using microprobe techniques. Associa-tions include feldspar, magnetite, biotite, calcite, and otherminerals. The samples, which are all from localities inFranklin, include:

1. Euhedral black crystals in white marble from thedumps and prospects south of the large quarry on Cork HillRoad (commonly called the Fowler or B, Nicol Quarry).Specimen PPB-2769.

2. Black crystals, one of the chief constituents ingneiss, with magnetite, from Balls Hill. Specimen PPB-8751.

3. Black crystals in a vein of feldspar, from theGooseberry Iron Mine, Balls Hill. Specimen PPB-8762.

4. Black crystals up to several inches across withtwo feldspars, from a syenite outcrop south of the Goose-berry Iron Mine, Balls Hill. Specimen PPB-8966.

5. Black amphibole with biotite and magnetite,from the iron mine dump south of the Buckwheat Dumpand north of the Franklin Pond. Specimen PPB-9373.

All of the samples were identified as hastingsite.Apparently this species is common among the blackamphiboles away from the zinc orebodies. Many speci-mens are available for collecting.

Aside from specimen PPB-2769, the others allcontained 6 - 9 wt. % MgO and 19 - 24 wt. % FeO (total ironcalculated as ferrous iron). All specimens contain less than1.0 wt % ZnO. The anomalous specimen, from the pros-pects south of the large quarry on Cork Hill Road, con-tained approximately 17 wt % MgO, and 6 wt,% FeO (cal-culated as above).

* * * *Membership News

Neal K. Rescb passed away recently due to aheart attack. Neal, a trustee of the Society, was a vital andactive member. He will be sorely missed by FOMS. TheSociety extends its deepest sympathy to his family.* * ' * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *



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Omer S. Dean10 Bumble Bee Lane

Norwalk, CT 0685M404

IntroductionUraninite is one of the rarities of the Franklin-

Sterling Hill area Roughly twenty-four years separate thetwo verified finds of this species, first at Sterling Hill inOgdensburg and later (1989) at the Buckwheat Dump inFranklin. This article brings together the small amounts ofdescriptive and historical data which are available on thetopic.

The Sterling Hill uraniniteCharles Locke Key, for whom both the mineral

species "keyite" and "ludlockite" are named, first recog-nized the uraninite from Sterling Hill and has been kindenough to provide some background information, whichis quoted directly as follows:

Cape Elizabeth, MaineApril 28, 1990

I remember receiving a phone call from ChetLemansti and "Quicky" when they had their store inFranklin. They were offering me a new find of fantasticFranklinite crystals (their pitch) so I drove up to see themas soon as possible, knowing they knew good crystals whenthey found them. Indeed they had a lot of about three flatsof matrix Franklinites, mostly fist-size and up. This was anunusual batch with highly modified Franklinite xls up to 2"in white Calcite associated with dull black crystals ofWillemite, nearly colorless Sphalerite and unique reddish-color blobs of Fluorite. I noticed a dull-gray, metalliccubic xl in one large specimen that was decidedly NOTFranklinite but negotiations for the lot took attention awayfrom specific specimens. I remember paying too much,(I'm sure they wouldn't see it that way—particularly now)but 1 bought the lot, took it home, proceeded to clean thespecimens and when I placed the "XL" under the faucet thewater amplified a "halo" emanating from the "XL", quitedramatically. A check for radioactivity confirmed Uranin-ite for me.

Dr, f rondel was the obvious choice to me at thetime to direct the offer of the specimen to. My only regretis that I didn't take a more complete photo-record of thespecimen, the xl, the lot; One picture, now lost —like thexl

/signed/ C. L. Key

A recent conversation with Chester Lemanskiprovided a few additional facts for the record: "Chet" andDonald Quick operated the Mine Hill Mineral Shoppe onMain Street in Franklin at the time; the specific flat whichcontained the uraninite specimen was priced at $10.00; aminer named Wynkoop (spelling uncertain) collected thefist in 1080 Stope, between the 430' and 500' level, in theSpring of 1965; and the New Jersey Zinc Company, oncethey heard of the uraninite find, explored the area with ascintillation counter but found no additional material. JackBaum (personal communication) confirms that it was hewho did the exploration referred to here.

The correspondence between Dr. Frondel andCharles Locke Key provides additional information aboutthis Sterling Hill uraninite and its importance as a speci-men. The first of the letters presented is dated July 1,1966,and reads as follows:Dear Mr. Key:

The thought of getting a really good uraninite agedetermination on your specimen has persuaded me to takeup your offer of $750 plus a Bristol chalcocite.

Would you please supply along with the specimena brief written note telling the where and when and othercircumstances attending the discovery of the specimen sothat this information can be published.

1 plan to core drill the specimen from the backnearly up to the front surface in hope of finding anothercrystal or of breaking off the back side of the one now seen.

If you want, I can mail you the chalcocite for con-sideration or you can come up here during the summer atyour convenience.

Sincerely yours,(signed/ Clifford Frondel

The second letter, which accompanied the uraninite speci-men to Harvard, includes the background informationrequested by Professor Frondel. The letter is quoted belowessentially in its entirety:

Jufy 20, 1966Dear Dr. Frondel,

Enclosed herein you will find the Uraninite speci-men from the Sterling Mine as per our pre-arrangedagreement. I trust you will select a suitable Chalcocitefrom Bristol, Conn, to supplement the $750.00 purchase



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price. I have attached a separate invoice cornering theterms of the purchase for your purposes.

I would be most anxious to learn of the results ofyour efforts concerning Uranium dating and implicationsthereof. In spite of the economic exigencies placed uponme as a mineral dealer 1 have a sincere passion for min-erals and a genuine concern for their scientific merit.

The details regarding the discovery of the Uranin-ite specimen are as follows; About this time last year (July,'65) during stoping operations on the 500' level of theSterling Mine in Ogdensburg, N.J. a large quantity oflarge, well-formed though highly modified crystals ofFranklinite were found. They were imbedded in a pinkcalcite and associated with euhedral xls of blackWillemite, a garnet-red Fluorite and minor Loltingite.Nearly all of the worthy specimens turned up for sale in alocal Franklin mineral dealer's stock. Fortunate timingbrought me into the dealer's shop at about the same timeas he received the specimens. I was very impressed withthe Franklinites as they were the best Ihad seen from the Sterling Mine since it 1reopened in the '50s. 1 purchased asmany fine specimens as I could find andabout the same time I was getting downto the "dregs" I picked up the specimenthat had the Uraninite xl in it. Thedealer and I settled on a price of $6 or$8.00 for the specimen as a poor Frank-linite specimen; later while packingsame specimen I noticed what I thoughtto be an exceptional cubic xl of Fran-klinite in amongst the other xls. We bothremarked about the oddity of the xl andthen forgot it for the time. The next daywhile I was rinsing the specimens off Inoticed what appeared to be a classicradiation "halo" surrounding this per-

1

feet cubic xl. While the specimen was wet the halostood out in stark contrast to remainder of Calcitegangue. My suspicion was thoroughly aroused atthis point although I couldn't convince myself ofwhat 1 was optimistically hoping for, A quick checkwith a geiger-counter and later a more accuratecheck with a scintillation counter confirmedUraninite. I was in touch with Mr. Jack Baum, NJ.Zinc Co. geologist, nearly directly to show him thespecimen and see if he would search the source•slope with a "counter" to determine if any moreUraninite was present Geologist Baumdid succeed in making an investigation of the slopeand area but was unable to find any hint of moreUraninite. Subsequent work in the slope as well asscrutiny of many similar specimens parageneticallyhas failed to disclose any additional Uraninite. It

would seem that this specimen is truly a one in amillion., .billion. ..what? ??

In case you need it; you have my permission to useany portion of ihe foregoing information for the paper youpreviously mentioned publishing re the Uraninite speci-men. Should you do such a paper I hereby request a copy.Thank you.

Anticipating a shred of rapport, I remain,Very truly yours,/signed! Charles L. Key

The third letter, dated July 26,1966, touches briefly on Dr.Frondel's wonderment about this uraninite. You, thereader, may find yourself pondering the whole topic oncethe seed is planted in your mind,Dear Mr. Key:

The uraninite arrived safely. Many thanks for theinformation about the find, which I will cite in the paper.How the few and widely scattered uranium atoms in the

. orebody found each other and built up one crystal of

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Figure 1 (far left). Uraninite fragment (at end ofpointer) embedded in uranophane, Sterling Hill, NJ.:Harvard Mineralogical Museum specimen, H113292.

Figure 2 (opposite page, lower right). The recon-structed matrix for the Sterling Hill uraninite viewedfrom the bottom; note the four pieces, glue, and cata-logue numbers.

Figure 3 (below). The reconstructed matrix for theSterling Hill uraninite viewed from the top. Pointershows cavity left when uraninite crystal was removed.

Figure 4 (right). The uraninite crystal fragmentspared by science. Some crystal faces are visible; thefragment shares catalogue number H113292 with thematrix portion shown in Figure 1. Coin for size com-parison.

uraninite passes all understanding! A specimen of theBristol chalcocite will be sent to you, and your invoice hasbeen put through for payment.

Sincerely yours,/signed/ Clifford Frondel

Almost a quarter century later, Dr. Frondel'swonderment still persists. In a recent conversation heexpressed these same thoughts again, and then went on todescribe his misgivings about having to destroy the singleuraninite crystal for analytical purposes, all as if it hadhappened yesterday.

When the author first photographed the SterlingHill uraninite specimen (Figure 1) at Harvard during thesummer of 1987, he was unaware that he was photograph-ing only a portion (9 cm x 8 cm x 5 1/2 cm) of the originalmatrix material. Carl Francis in a recent conversationclarified the situation: During preparation for analysis, the

uraninite specimen was broken into four pieces and thesewere given consecutive catalogue numbers. A looseuraninite crystal fragment (Figure 4), left over from theage-determination and other analyses, shares cataloguenumber HI 13292 with the above-mentioned matrixpiece. Both of these specimens are labelled uraninite.Catalogue number HI 13290 is labelled uranophane. Itdisplays the part of the uranophane halo which constitutesa mold of die missing uraninite crystal. Catalogue num-ber HI 13291, labelled fluorite, is the matrix portion withthe garnet-red fluorite and colorless sphalerite. The fourthmatrix piece, Hi 13293, is small compared to the othersand is less interesting because of its common constituentminerals (franklinite, calcite, etc.).

Few specimens anywhere have the scientific sig-nificance which this prized one possesses. The HarvardMineralogical Museum has decided to make the uranin-ite specimen part of its Franklin-Sterling Hill display in itsmain show room on the third floor. In preparation for the

, display, the four components of thematrix have been reassembled withglue (Figures 3 and 4) and measure 17x 10 x 6 cm. As an added highlight theremaining crystal fragment, spared byscience, mounted on a pedestal in anappropriate box, will be displayed nextto the reconstructed matrix specimenand labelled as to its significance. Oneerror, which probably occurred duringtranscription from notes, has been un-covered during the reconstruction ofthe uraninite specimen. Frondel(1972) indicates on page 81 that theuraninite crystal is a cube almost "1inch on edge"; measurements of theuranophane mold and the uraninitecrystal fragment indicate this should



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read "1 centimeter onUnfortunately, all records regarding tne

original analyses, other than the age determina-tion, have become the victim of time. The agedetermination for the orebody, was made by Dr.G. J. Wasserburg, California Institute of Technol-ogy, vising lead isotope methods on uraninite. Theage, 955 million years, plus or minus 30 millionyears, was reported by Frondel (1970).

The Buckwheat Dump UraninitesDuring the autumn of 1989 a discovery of

uraninite was made on the Buckwheat Dump at •Franklin. This material is unlike the Sterling Hilluraninite in several ways. First of all, it was foundin a calc-silicate (skarn) matrix. The associatedminerals are: a gray feldspar; a greenish-blackpyroxene; an altered, granular, brownish garnet;extremely sparse willemite; and a member of the allanitegroup. Also reported as associated minerals, but notobserved by the author, are apatite, bustamite, and caitite.Second, the total bulk of specimens containing uraninitefrom the Buckwheat Dump is certainly greater than for theoriginal find at Sterling Hill in the ore, but the uraninitesthemselves are metamict and those measured range be-tween 5.0 mm to 7.5 mm across (see Figure 5). Knownspecimens of this material are in the collections of PhilipP. Betancourt (specimen PPB-10037), Mike Betancourt,the Franklin Mineral Museum (specimen FMM-5036; seeFigure 6), and Stephen Sanford (specimen SS-707).Additional specimens were retained by the discoverer,whose name unfortunately was not recorded.

Pete J. Dunn, in his analysis of the BuckwheatDump uraninites, determined that "U > Th > Ce, and isthus safely called uraninite", and also that "the cerianitesolid solution is negligible". Regarding the member of the

,. :- iL

f.

*-**«*

Figure 5 (lower left). A broken, metamict uraninite, 6mm across, in a calc-silicate matrix measuring 8x14x8cm, from Buckwheat Dump, Franklin, NJ. StephenSanford specimen, catalogue number SS-707.

Figure 6 (above). Metamict uraninite (at end of arrow)in calc-silicate matrix measuring 11x16x6.5 cm, Buck-wheat Dump. Franklin, NJ. Franklin Mineral Mu-seum specimen, catalogue number FMM-5036.

allanite group present in the matrix material, Dunn reportsthat "this dark brown glassy phase is largely metamict, butI obtained enough X-ray diffraction data to say it isprincipally a Ce-Fe-Al-siiicate with many rare earths."Dunn indicates that "the principal REE's are La, Ce, Nd,and Pr"; in addition, he found that both "Sm and Gd arepresent, and the material is Ce-dominant,"

It is interesting to note that Clifford Frondel's dis-cussion of the scandium content of the calc-silicate (skarn)minerals at Franklin appears in the same article (Frondel,1970) in which he announced the uranium age determina-tion for the orebody at Sterling Hill.

AcknowledgmentsI wish to thank especially Charles Locke Key and

Clifford Frondel (Professor Emeritus, Department ofEarth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University) fortheir contributions to this article. In addition, I wish tothank the following individuals (listed alphabetically) fortheir input and/or critique which added considerably to thearticle's completeness and readability: John L. Baum(Curator, Franklin Mineral Museum); Philip Betancourt;Richard C. Bostwick; Pete J. Dunn, (Department ofMineral Sciences, Smithsonian Institution); Carl A.Francis (Curator, Harvard Mineralogical Museum);

10 The Picking Table, Fall 1990


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Chester S. Lemanski, Jr.; Stephen Sanford: and Earl R.Verbeek.

ReferencesFRONDEL, Clifford (1970) Scandium content of

ore and skarn minerals at Franklin. New Jersey, AmericanMineralogist, 55, 1051-1054.

FRONDEL, Clifford (1972) The Minerals ofFranklin and Sterling Hill: A check list; 94 pages; JohnWiley & Sons, Inc., New York.

Editor (Continued from Page 2)

Society EquipmentThe Xerox 630 Memorywriter belonging to the

Society requires disposition. It was purchased in late 1985and has been used for the print out of copy for use in ThePicking Table and some Society correspondence. A briefdescription follows: it is in mint condition, comes com-plete with original packaging, complete set of manuals,printwheels, etc., uses 5.25" floppy disks. In additionthere is a computer desk which shows minor wear.

This equipment represents a sizeable initial in-vestment by the Society and it is the responsibility of allmembers to see that a fair price is received for it at the timeof disposal. If any member knows of a small company ora private individual who has need of such office equip-ment, they should notify an officer or a trustee of theSociety immediately.

There are two remote possibilities which shouldbe researched. Whether it is practical for the Society to re-tain the Xerox 630 Memorywriter for the use of the Re-cording and/or Corresponding Secretary or possibly do-nating it as a gift to the Franklin Mineral Museum, shouldthe museum have the need for the equipment. Otherrecommendations are welcomed.

The Rock and Mineral Club ofLower Bucks County

presents

Fluorescent Minerals Only!SHOW - SWAP- SELL

Saturday, September 22,199010 a.m. to 4 p.m.

NORTHMINISTERPRESBYTERIANCHURCH

140 Trenton Road Fairiess Hills, PA.

Participant Table Space (2.51 x 4')—$5.00General Admission $1.00(Children Admitted Free!)

Advance Registration AdvisedMake your check payable to Ralph Thomas

and mail to him at:11 Riverdale Road, Yardley, PA 19067

IF YOUR ROCKS LIGHT UP,THEY ARE WELCOME!

Bring your lunch (Beverage* will be available)Bring your favorite specimen (Prizes!!)

Bring your UV Lamp (AC or DC) and a penlight*»***Bring Yourself**"*

ineralojgicalecorci

the bimonthly journal for mineral collectors

Subscription Costs: $33/year; $63/2 yearsTo subscribe send your check to:Mary Lynn Michela, Circulation Manager,Mineralogical RecordP.O.Box 35565,Tucson, AZ 85740

The Picking Table, Fatt 1990 11


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John L. Baum70 Route 23 North

Hamburg, New Jersey 07419

As with many other communities, the streets ofFranklin are in pan a place-name archive of activitieswhich were centered there. Noted below are some ofFranklin's streets, roads, and byways, the names ofwhich bear some relation to the town's mining andminerals industry. The author is indebted to Omer Deanand Earl Verbeek for their valued suggestions.

Beardslee Hill Drive: The Beardslee farm, along theborder between the boroughs of Franklin andOgdensburg, was once considered a possible locus ofthe faulted segment of the Sterling Hill orebody, andwas optioned in the 1930s to cover deep test drilling. Byoversight, the option was not renewed in time. By then(the 1940s) the farm had been bought by Sam Munson,father-in-law of the eventual president of the NewJersey Zinc Company, R. L. McCann.

Brick Row: A row of attached apartments built in theearly 1900s to resemble English workers' dwellings forthe British miners (Cousinjacks). With the rear towardTaylor Road, the prominent feature was a line of woodenprivies, now gone. The builder's choice of orientationleft something to be desired because the privies were onthe street side of the dwelling and thus the comings andgoings of the residents were exposed to full view. Thebuildings themselves are still there and occupied.

Buckwheat Road: Built by the Works Progress Admini-stration (a depression reHef effort) during the 1930s, andnamed for the open pit which borders this road on thenorth. The name derives from an old buckwheat field inthe area later occupied by the Taylor Mine, near thenorthern end of the outcrop of the east vein of theFranklin orebody, and carried over to the subsequent pitand associated dump.

Catlin Road: Named after R. M. Catlin, the miningengineer who, by virtue of experience, ability, andreputation, was able to direct the fortunes of the NewJersey Zinc Company along the road to the TwentiethCentury at Franklin. He lived nearby in what is now aretirement home but in the 1930s was the bachelors' andyoung men's boarding house, or club. Decorative

swastikas in the parquet floor of the billiard room causeda fuss during WWII and were removed, when called tothe attention of Company executives by mischievousyoung mining engineers.

Church Street: The Catholic Church moved from CorkHill Road to the present quarters in 1902. The Kittatinnylimestone of which the new structure was built wastaken from cliffs along the river west of town. Theaccompanying Lyceum, a popular meeting hall ownedby the church, was built in 1883 with the stipulation thatit could be used by the townspeople in general. ChurchStreet becomes Franklin Avenue farther south, along thepond, and to the north becomes Fowler Street, near theJunction where three railroads once met.

Cork Hill Road: This road lies near a string of old ironmines and borders two old marble quarries on the southside of Franklin, leads to a much larger quarry farthersouthwest, and, near Sterling Hill, goes past an open pitin glacial till where rounded pebbles, cobbles, andboulders of Franklin ore are found.

Dunn Road: Road named for a local family (descendedfrom the American Revolution) which furnished Com-pany salaried employees.

Edmonds Lane: Named for one of Franklin's youths,killed in WWII. His mother was a secretary in the mainoffice of the New Jersey Zinc Company and her brother,his uncle, was real estate foreman for the company'sdwellings during the 1940s and early 1950s.

Evans Street: Walter F. Evans came to the Company asa young engineer early in this century. He advanced tosuperintendent, commanding operations at both Frank-lin and Sterling Hill (circa 1940-1954). His wife, whodied in childbirth, was a descendant of the PhiladelphiaMorris family, founded by a signer of the Declaration ofIndependence. Evans raised the daughter.

Fowler Street: Dr. Samuel Fowler, physician, scientist,and early (from 1816 forward) promoter of Franklinmineralogy, victim of tragedy (wherein he lost his first

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family to disease), twice married, unifier of the Ogdenproperties at Sterling with Franklin, lost the whole thing.Colonel Fowler, his son, reclaimed the titles and suc-cessfully promoted the mineral interests.

Highpoint Circle: Franklin's highest point, excellentview; no place to be in Winter. Kids used to bum thepasture here every year; different kids but same tradi-tion.

Franklin Avepue: Provided access to the early town, andruns alongside Franklin Pond, joining Church Streetwith Route 23.

High Street: The high point on Mine Hill. DividesHamburg Mine property from the others. Spectacularsubsidence took place here from the 1930s to the 1950sand rendered unusable the Borough Hall formerly lo-cated at Parker and High Streets. The Company-ownedMine Hill railroad had to be raised frequently to main-tain its grade as the surface sank.

Hospital Road: Dead-end (!) road. First hospital in theCounty, founded 1908, Company operated, babies cost$50 for obstetrics in 1940. The surgeons were the bestand needed to be to serve crushed miners undergroundbefore moving them. Two of the surgeons were fromHarvard Medical School - pretty good for a miningtown.

Hudson Street: Named from the Lehigh and HudsonRailroad, carrier of plant concentrates to the smelter atPalmerton, Pa.

B I C I D I E

F R A N K L I N

Auche Dr C-2Beardslee Hill Dr A-4Brick Row B-3Buckwheat Rd B-2 C-2Butler St D-2Catlin Rd D-lChristian St B-2 C-2Church St B-2Cork Hill Rd A-3 B-3Cummins St C-2Davis Rd A-l B-lDixon Rd B-2Dunn Row C-lEdmonds La E-2Edsall Rd A-2Evans Rd B-2Fowler St B-l C-lTax Hill Dr A-4Franklin Ave B-3Gilson Rd A-lGinter St B-2 C-3

Gooseberry Rd A-2Green St E-2Gundernan Rd C-2Haines Ct E-2Hardystonvilie Rd E-2High Point Cir C-2 D-3High St C-2 D-2Hilliide AveB-2Hilltop La D-2Hospital Rd B-2Hudson St D-2Jenkins Rd A-2JuKaKoCoLe

ction St E-2e St B-3ach St C-2ach Ter B-2 C-2Hill Dr A-4

Legion Rd C-2 D-2Lehigh St D-2Loiaw Rd B-3 C-3

Mabie St D-2Main St C-2 D-3Maple Ave A-2Master St E-2Me Cain St D-2Meadow Rd A-3Mill St C-2Mitchell Ave D-2Moscow St D-2 E-2Mountain Rd E-2Mountainview Rd D-3Munsonhurst Rd> o-4Nestor St C-2 D-2Newton St C-lN. Church Rd C-lNorth St E-2Oak St B-2Old Franklin Ave B-3Paddock Rd C-lParker St C-2Quarry Rd B-2

Rapole St D-2Ridgewood Rd D-2Rowe PI C-2Rutherford Ave N. C-2D-2Rutherford Ave S. B-3School Plaza C-2Scott Rd C-l D-l E-lSouth St D-2Stanaback Rd E-2Ster1 ing St D-2Stone Mill Rd C-lSusquehanna St C-lTaylor Rd B-2 B-3Wade Rd A-4Walsh Rd C-2Warren St E-2Washington Ave C-2Wilde.t Rd A-l B-lWi1 ton St D-2Woodland Rd A-2Wyker Rd C-2

The Picking Table, FaU 1990 13


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Jenkins Road: Recalls David Jenkins, educated at Rutgersand Cornell, and Chief Chemist of the New Jersey ZincCompany Franklin-Sterling operations, a big heartyman, Mayor of Franklin almost forever (1925-1950) andprotector of Company interests therein. Jenkins ran atight ship.

Junction Street Three railroads (the Lehigh and HudsonRailroad; the New York, Susquehanna and WesternRailroad; and the Delaware, Lackawanna and WesternRailroad) all met here. In the early days, local kids wentto high school in Newton by train, taking the DL&W, ifthey went to high school at all. The ore went toPalmerton, Pennsylvania, on the Lehigh. TheSusquehanna connected Franklin with civilization, i.e.New York City whence came the important visitors andconsultants. A short-line Company railroad, the MineHill Railroad, ran from the Junction up Mine Hill toservice the Trotter Yard with three Company-ownedcars and a rented camelback locomotive.

Legion Road: Shortcut to American Legion Hall. TheFranklin Ogdensburg Mineral Club used to meet thereduring the 1950s but the fee became too steep. Besides,the downstairs part was noisy due to Legionnaires doingwhat Legionnaires did best, at their bar. The ZincCompany, which used to hold annual meetings in ob-scure places, held one there.

Lehigh Street: Like Hudson Street, named for the Le-high and Hudson Railroad.

Lozaw Road: Local family; one Raymond Lozaw was apopular cage-man at Franklin in the early 1940s: agentleman in a rough business.

Mabie Street: Mabie Farm occupied north Franklin, theMabies were Huguenot descendants. The farm was thesite of extensive drilling in the search for additional orein 1951-1952.

Main Street At one time this was the principal shoppingarea of Franklin and locus of the Palmer plant This wasone of the few streets in old Franklin with sidewalks.Both the street and the sidewalks were concrete.

Maple Street: Upper-class section of Franklin, with golfclub; planted with maples. High-ranking Company menlived here.

McCain S^eet: Named after Raymond L McCann,ambitious young mining engineer who in 1951 becamePresident of the New Jersey Zinc Company, married thedaughter of the area's largest landowner, became the

quintessential Company-man, and presided over themerger of the Company into Gulf and Western. Conser-vative, although not as much as his predecessors, and afriend of the Museum, he lived in Franklin in a Companyhouse. His Company files were donated in 1988 to theFranklin Mineral Museum by his children.

Mil} Street: Named after the Franklin mill.

Moscow Street: Named for the Russian inhabitants, themenfolk of whom were miners.

Nestor Street: William C. Nestor was hired by the NewJersey Zinc Company at Franklin during the early 1900s.He was a leader of the community: Board of Education,Chamber of Commerce, Company store supervisor,Franklin Athletic Association, and employment man-ager of the Zinc Company.

Newton Street: Just west of the WaUkill at the Junction(that area of Franklin where the railroads connected and/or crossed); named for the County seat; miners livedhere.

North Church Road: From Franklin west to Route 94,this road is named for the North Presbyterian Church ofHardyston, built from stone quarried locally, officiallydedicated May 6, 1831, attended by most local Com-pany wheels in the 1800s, operated until 1905, and torndown in 1958. Reverend Haines, Union Army Chaplainand son of Governor Haines, was pastor in later yearsand wrote about County churches.

Oak Street: Named for the giant oak that lives here. Thecemetery here is resting place of Franklin's early sett-lers, including Michael Rorick who bought a tract alongthe Wallkill in 1765 and helped to promote the iron in-dustry.

Parker Street: Named for the mining complex initiatedby "Judge" Parker's convincing insistence that ore un-derlay his mining lease. He was right The street goesby Parker shaft (see The Picking Table, 23, #2, 6-8).

Quarry Road: Goes to the Fowler - B. Nicol - CellateQuarry.

Rowe Place: The circle behind the New Jersey ZincCompany's main office, dominated by Captain Rowe'shouse. Rowe was the Mine Captain at Franklin (thus thetitle) during the early 1900s; he assembled a fine collec-tion of the local minerals, later acquired by RutgersUniversity; and the mineral roweite was named afterhim in 1937. Rowe's house was later a school principal's

14 The Picking Table, Fatt 1990


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house, and later still was owned by W. H. Callahan,Chief of Exploration, New Jersey Zinc Company (1950-1970), who was first to suggest that the local ores weresea floor deposits of the Red Sea type. Callahan' s staffdiscovered die ELmwood, Tennessee, zinc ore deposit

Street Named for the Sterling Mine; streetserves the Mexico section of town; Company miners'houses inhabited at one time by Mexican miners.

Stone Mill Road: Site of a colonial grist mill on a branchof the Wallkill River which drains from Lake Grinnell.The land was purchased by Dr. Samuel Fowler in 1813from Cornelius Losey and Samuel Tuttie, by which timethe mill had been converted to a fulling mill (for woolencloth) and then to a storehouse. Fowler lived here withhis second family and here conducted his mineral ex-periments and entertained the prominent mineralogistsof his time.

Street: One-sided street next to the tracksat the Junction. This is in the flood plain, where thetyphoid epidemic started in 1922. This was started whena Company worker in error opened a valve permittingriver water to flow from the fire lines into the towndrinking water lines. The resulting disaster receivednational attention and eventually led to added Federallaws concerning water-supply systems.

Taylor Road: From Buckwheat Road to Route 23, pastBrick Row, named for the Taylor mine after MosesTaylor. The Taylor mine refers to the former workingsalong the eastern leg of the Franklin orebody and MosesTaylor was the most colorful individual to be associatedwith Franklin. Building a career on hard work, a clevermind and the ability to foresee the probable results offinancial manipulations far beyond the understanding ofthe majority of his contemporaries, he was able to wincontrol of banks, railroads, and the New Jersey ZincCompany, leaving his peers speechless and wonderingwhat had happened. His is the story of the Americanindustrial revolution which he helped to advance.

Washington Avenue: Patriotic name. A concrete road atthe south side of Shuster Park, above some of the olderunderground workings at Franklin, it suffered fromsubsidence in a spectacular fashion as it sank, tilted, andsheared off, in the 1930s and 1940s, forcing its abandon-ment.

Wildcat Road: Colonial name. Dense growth and nar-row defile made a natural shelter for wildlife. There isan Indian cave here. The road follows the Wildcatmarble formation to Sterling Hill.

Woodland Road: Scenic description. An abandonedCatholic cemetery, buried in the woods for many years,presents a mournful sight. Many of the foreign-boraminers killed at work have been moved but some re-main, with no one to care.

Wyker Road: The Wykers were an old County family.Road goes by the former chemical laboratory of the NewJersey Zinc Co. It was here that Lawson H. Bauer madehis studies of local mineralogy and entertained a genera-tion of scientists with his displays of fluorescence,electrical conductivity, magnetism, insoluble residuesof micro crystals, and handed out specimens from chests,drawers, closets, window sills, lockers and anywhereelse that had a flat surface. His performance was adelight and his association with Charles Palache a fruit-ful one. He died in 1954, the same year as Palache andthe Franklin Mine.

All are welcome to visit and join

The North JerseyMineralogical Society, Inc.

Founded in 1945

Meeting monthly on the 2nd Thursday of eachmonth (except July, August, and December)

Meetings are held in Rooms 205 and 207Education Building

Glen Rock Community Church345 Rock Road, Glen Rock, NJ 07452

(Ample off-streetparking)

7p.m. Social Hour; 8p.m. Meeting9 diverse lecture/slide shows per year

Monthly newsletter about shows, field trips, etc.Annual dues: $9.00 for Individuals

$14 for Couples; $5 for Juniors

Formore information please call:Rolf G. Schudel, Jr. at (201)444-1458

orRobert Montgomery, Jr. at (201) 748-0422

The Picking Table, Fall 1990 15


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1H1IEA3L

NEW TO SCIENCEWawayandaite

CauMB4B,BettStuOM(OH,Cl)w

An article entitled "Wawayandaite, a new calcium man-ganese beryllium boron silicate from Franklin, NewJersey", written by Pete J. Dunn, Department of MineralSciences, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC20560, Donald R. Peacor, Department of GeologicalSciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109,Joel D. Grice, Mineral Sciences Division, NationalMuseum of Natural Sciences, Ottawa, Ontario KIP 6P4,Canada, Frederick J. Wicks, Department of Mineralogy,Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2C6,Canada, and Peter H. Chi, Gas and Particulate ScienceDivision, National Institute of Standards and Technology,Gaithersburg, MD 20899, appeared in AmericanMineralogist. 75, 405408 (1990). The following infor-mation is abstracted from that article.

Occurrence and ParagenesisWawayandaite, ideally Ca12Mn4B2Be1?Si120^

(OH,C1)30, was found on museum specimens from theFranklin Mine, Franklin, Sussex County, New Jersey.The name alludes to the grossly curved and winding habitof the preponderance of its crystals and derives from"wawayanda", which in the language of the Lenni LenapeIndians (early inhabitants of the Franklin area) means"many or several windings". Wawayandaite is a late-stage vein mineral, occurring with superb, 6 x 1 mm, pris-matic willemite crystals and with 5 mm, equant, rhombiccalcite crystals, both of which occur on a vein surface ofandradite in calcite-poor. willemite-franklinite ore. Pinkhodgkinsonite and colorless, twinned cahnite crystals arealso on the specimen. These minerals are partially coatedwith a druse of dull reddish brown friedelite. Wawayan-daite occurs last in this sequence, forming platy crystals,warped crystals, and clay-like aggregrates coating theearlier minerals.

The specimens containing Wawayandaite werefound prior to 1923 and undoubtedly were retained fortheir superb willemite crystals, the best ever found atFranklin. Although crystal habits and textures of theWawayandaite vary, the host assemblage and matrix areinvariant, and there is no doubt that the specimens derivefrom one isolated occurrence.

DescriptionWawayandaite occurs rarely as sharp, platy, 0.1-

mm-diameter crystals, tabular on {100} and twinned on(100); other forms are indiscernible. The majority ofWawayandaite crystals, however, are grossly curved in alldimensions and are exceedingly thin, resembling diapha-nous, warped, and freely formed barysilite; some Franklinprehnite is slightly similar. Wawayandaite also occurs asexceedingly fine-grained aggregrates resembling clay.

Wawayandaite is colorless and transparent, al-though the few known platy, flat crystals are decidedlyturbid and the fine-grained aggregrates are white andopaque. An intense pearly luster is obvious on the grosslycurved, thin crystals but is not evident on the flat crystals;the luster of the fine-grained aggregrates ranges frompearly to dull. The streak is white. The platy crystals arebrittle but the thin, curved crystals are quite flexible. Anapparent cleavage is perfect on {100}.

Hardness (Mobs') is near 1 for the aggregrate, butthe best crystals are too small for testing. The density ofthe aggregrates is < 1.0 g/cm3; that of crystal clusters usingheavy-liquid techniques varies substantially (probablydue to entrapped air) from 2.4-3.0 g/cm3. The highestvalue is close to the calculated density of 2.98 g/cmj.

Wawayandaite is biaxial negative, 2Vobs =85.2(2-6)°. Indices of refraction in Na light are a = 1.619(calc.), p = 1.631(1), andy= 1.641(1); dispersion is strong,r < v. The orientation is X A a = 11.5° within the obtuse 0angle, Y j| b, Z || c. Wawayandaite shows no observablepleochroism or discernible fluorescence in ultravioletradiation.

Chemical CompositionThe paucity of material necessitated that a number

of analytical techniques be used instead of classical wet-chemical methods. Microprobe analysis was used fordetermination of Si, Mg, Ca, Zn, Mn, and Cl; water andother volatiles were determined by thermogravimetric(TGA) and evolved gas (EGA) methods, and B and Bewere determined by ion-microprobe mass spectrometry.The combined analyses yield: Si

X-ray CrystallographyWawayandaite was studied using Weissenberg,

precession, and X-ray powder diffraction methods. Themineral is monoclinic, space group Pile or PC, with re-fined lattice parameters a = 15.59(2), b = 4.87(1), c -18.69(4) A, p = 101.84(15)°, corresponding to a unit cellwith Z = 1. The strongest diffraction lines d,l 11, (hkT) are:3.157,100,(114); 15.1,90 ,(100); 3.001,70 ,(4°10); and2.626,70,(116). Care should be taken in interpreting X-ray diffraction patterns of wawayandaite, however, aswillemite can be so abundant and intimately mixed that itcan add strong reflections to thepatterns. ERV6/90

[Editor's Note: Two new facts of interest in connectionwith the above from Dr. Pete J. Dunn (personal commu-nication): There is now a third known wawayandaiteassemblage in which it occurs as minute pearly crystalsin altered willemite-franklinite-andradite ore, associ-ated with secondary fluorite and hodgkinsonite. Wawa-yandaite was in Roebling's hands as early as 1923.]

RESEARCH REPORTS

Forsterite-Tephroite Series

An article entitled "New data on the forsterite-tephroiteseries", written by Carl A. Francis, Harvard Mineralogi-cal Museum, Cambridge, MA 02138, appeared in Ameri-can Mineralogist. 70, 568-575 (1985). The following in-formation is abstracted from those parts of the paperdealing with zincian tephroites from Franklin and Ster-ling Hill, New Jersey. Comments added by the abstractorare enclosed in brackets.

IntroductionCompositions of various members of the olivine

group commonly are depicted on ternary [triangular] dia-grams in terms of end-member components forsterite(Mg2SiO4), fayah'te (Fe^iO,,), and tephroite (MiL,Si04).Most natural olivines, however, are essentially binarysolid solutions rarely containing more than ten percent ofthe third component The preponderance of lunar, mete-oritic, and terrestrial olivines are members of the forster-ite-fayalite series, whereas manganese-rich olivines arerather restricted in occurrence and consequently have notbeen studied as closely. Among the latter are the Mn-Mg-Zn olivines (principally tephroites) from the ore depositsat Franklin and Ogdensburg, New Jersey; these olivinesare unique in containing zinc as an additional major com-

ponent [Fe and Ca appear as minor substituents] A suiteof eight samples from these two localities was studied toinvestigate the crystal chemical role of zinc in olivineswith a view to elucidating their petrogenesis.

ChemistryZincian olivines from Franklin and Ogdensburg

are predominantly tephroites and exhibit a considerablerange in composition, from (Mg,,,Mn(M!Zn025Fe[lol) to(M§o 05^ A osFeo 0!)• [The eight' microprobe analysesshow the following ranges in composition: MgO, 0.97-33.63%; MnO, 18.00-65.93%; ZnO, 1.81-12.78%; FeO,0.10-3.75%; CaO, 0.08-1.30%,] Tephroite occurs in theprimary ores as large (

showed that zinc is preferentially concentrated on theM(l) site and manganese on the M(2) site.

Infrared spectroscopyInfrared spectroscopy is sensitive to the bending,

stretching, and twisting modes of molecules and atomicclusters in crystals. Absorption spectra of olivines exhibita characteristic configuration of bands [peaks] whosepositions are compositionally dependent. A linear de-pendence of band position on composition was reportedpreviously for synthetic samples in the forsterite-tephroiteseries, but data from a subsequent study, which includedtwo Franklin tephroites, suggested nonlinearity for somebands. The observed nonlinearity was interpreted to be aresult of Mg-Mn cation ordering, but the possibility that itcould be due instead to the previously unrecognized thirdsignificant component—zinc—must also be considered.Data from the present study confirm that the nonlinearitycan confidently be attributed to cation ordering as origi-nally proposed.

Petrogenesis of zincian tephroitesThe compositions of samples of tephroite and of

the willemite lamellae exsolved from them contain petro-genetic information about metamorphic conditions atFranklin and Sterling Hill. The bulk composition of onesample was calculated from the known compositions ofthe willemite lamellae and tephroite host and from esti-mates of their relative proportions gained by point count-ing of an oriented thin section. The bulk composition of asecond sample was provided by the most zinc-rich teph-roite reported by Palache (1935); this is interpreted in thepresent paper to represent an unseparated or poorly sepa-rated tephroite-willemite sample. The values—16 and 22mole% ZnjSiO^, respectively—are consistent with the[limited] experimental data on the solubility of Zn^SiO,, inolivines. Saver and Hummell (1962), for example, re-ported that saturation limits for Zn,SiC>, in forsterite rangefrom 16 mol% at 850° C to 24% at 1460° C. These experi-ments, however, were performed only at atmosphericpressure and with Mn-free olivines; Syono et al. (1971)observed that the solubility increases with increasingpressure. Further work, including homogenization stud-ies or calibration of the olivine-willemite solvus, wouldallow increased understanding of the thermal history [e.g.temperature of crystallization and the temperature atwhich exsolution ceased] of these deposits. ERV 6/90* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

GlaucochroiteAn article entitled "Glaucochroite (olivine,

CaMnSiOJ from Franklin, New Jersey: Its composition,occurrence, and formation", written by Peter B. Leavens,

Department of Geology, University of Delaware, New-ark, DE 19716, Pete J. Dunn, Department of MineralSciences, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC20560, and Donald M. Hurt, Department of Geology,Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 55257, appeared inAmerican Mineralogist. 72, 423-428 (1987). The articleincludes much information of interest to the collectorcommunity and thus is abstracted below to somewhatgreater length than normal.

Glaucochroite, CaMnSi04, a member of the oli-vine group, is known primarily from the Zn-Mn-Fe de-posit at Franklin, New Jersey. It occurred in a number ofplaces in the northern part of the deposit and, though muchless abundant than rhodonite, was not as restricted asPalache's (1935) report suggests. It has not been found atSterlng Hill. Glaucochroite at Franklin has been found ina variety of assemblages in three principal forms: as euhe-dral crystals, as coarse-granular blue material, and as fine-granular brown material. Characteristics of the variousassemblages are as follows.

Euhedral crystals of glaucochroiteGlaucochroite in euhedral crystals is rare, but the

15 available specimens permitted the recognition of sev-eral distinct assemblages. In most of these the glauco-chroite forms bladed crystals up to 1 cm in length, fre-quently in columnar bundles.

1. Crystals embedded in nasonite, with minoramounts of primary franklinite and andradite, and addi-tional light -yellow andradite which surrounds the primarymaterial. Barite, clinohedrite. willemite, and a late-stageMn-chlorite are present in very minor amounts.

2. Crystals embedded in massive green willemitethat encrusts common, granular willemite-franklinite ore.Andradite and hodgkinsonite along the interface betweenthe willemite and ore suggest a vein assemblage. Cli-nohedrite is intergrown with the willemite, cuspidineoccurs in vugs in the same mineral, and barite is presentin minor amounts.

3. Crystals embedded in both massive, white cli-nohedrite and in hardystonite, with andradite (of severalgenerations) that encloses sparse franklinite. Some speci-mens appear brecciated, wherein the andradite is ce-mented with the glaucochroite-bearing assemblage. Twospecimens contain cuspidine in 2-3 mm crystals.

4. Crystals lining vugs in an assemblage of mas-sive willemite, white diopside, and slightly pinkish-bluemassive glauchroite. Clinohedrite, nomluorescent cal-cite, and sfclpnomelane are minor phases,

Massive, coarse-grained bine glaucochroite1. Blue glaucochroite with bright green wiilemite

and franklinite, the latter in octahedra up to 2 cm across.

18 The Picking Table, FaU 1990


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Hardystonite and calcite are common but not alwayspresent; leucophoenicite and ztncite are sparse.

2. Blue glaucochroite with willemite, franklinite,and leucophoenicite. Hardystonite and calcite are absentor present only in traces.

3. Blue glaucochroite in a coarse-grained inter-growth of andradite, willemite, and calcite.

4. Blue glaucochroite with andradite, bustamite(both in grains up to 2 cm across), and wiilemite.

Massive, fine-grained brown glaucochroite1. Brown glaucochroite with esperite (as irregu-

lar segregrations), hodgkinsonite (frequently along esper-ite-glaucochroite interfaces), calcite, willemite, zincite,and franklinite. The entire assemblage frequently issheared. Irregular masses 3-5 mm across of possiblyremnant blue glaucochroite embedded in fine-grainedbrown glaucochroite are present in a few specimens.

2. Fine-grained, impure, sheared and/or alteredglaucochroite, reportedly white when first taken from themine but soon turning to dark brown, in specimens that ingeneral appear crushed or sheared. This is the materialknown locally as "calctephroite" [this paper] or "calco-tephroite" [Palache, 1935].

Chemical analysisMicroprobe analyses of fifteen samples of glau-

cochroite show little deviation from the ideal formula,even though the samples included five crystal occurrencesand nine massive samples of varying colors and textures.Only minor solid solution toward tephroite (maximum ofonly 6 mol%) and monticellite (maximum of 12 mol%,with most samples much lower) was noted. Optical studyof a large number of other samples from Franklin likewiseshowed none whose properties would indicate composi-tions intermediate between glaucochroite and tephroite.

Formation of glaucochroite[The following section is a liberal rewording of informa-tion contained in the original paper]

Experimental data and observations of mineral as-semblages at Franklin and elsewhere suggest that glauco-chroite at Franklin formed instead of the more commonassemblage rhodonite + calcite in local areas where themetamorphic pore fluid was enriched in H^O relative toC02, but under the same temperature and pressure condi-tions as the deposit as a whole. In general, the followingassemblages are stable under conditions of progressivelylower C02 pressure: (a) rhodonite + calcite, (b) bustamite+ tephroite + calcite, (c) bustamite + glaucochroite + cal-cite, and (d) glaucochroite + wollastonite. The relevantreactions are:

rhodonite + calcite = bustamite + tephroite + CO2bustamite + tephroite + calcite = glaucochroite + CO,,

bustamite + calcite - giaucochroite i- wollastonile -t- CO,Observations of mineral assemblages at Franklin that bearon this hypothesis include the following;

(1) Glaucochroite has not been found with rho-donite, although the assemblage rhodonite + calcite is atypical one at Franklin. The abundance of rhodonite rela-tive to glaucochroite suggests that metamorphic condi-tions in most parts of the Franklin deposit were such thatrhodonite + calcite was stable and glaucochroite was not.

(2) Glaucochroite and tephroite have not yet beenfound together, nor exsolved from each other. The reportby Palache (1935) of coexisting tephroite and giauco-chroite may have been a mistake for samples in whichfine-grained brown glaucochroite and coarse grainedblue glaucochroite occur together. These observations areconsistent with the notion that glaucochroite formedunder local conditions of lower C0? pressure than thoserequired for tephroite stability.

(3) The assemblage bustamite + glaucochroitewas seen three times. This assemblage, too, is consistentwith lower CO.. pressures than those required for stabil-ity of the assemblages rhodonite + calcite and tephroite +bustamite + calcite.

(4) The common occurrence of glaucochroitewith the hydrous species leucophoenicite is coasistentwith locally elevated pressures of H,0 relative to CO, inthe pore fluid during metamorphism. This assemblage isequivalent to another common one at Franklin: glauco-chroite + leucophoenicite + CO. = tephroite + calcite +zincite + H.,0.

(5) The assemblage giaucochroite + wollastonite,whose appearance would be favored by even lower pres-sures of CO, than those present during formation of theabove-mentioned assemblages, has not been found atFranklin.

The occurrence in the same deposit of differentbut equivalent mineral assemblages as discussed abovesuggests that metamorphic conditions at Franklin variedlocally. Assuming broadly similar temperature and pres-sure conditions during metamorphism of the deposit as awhole, the observed differences in mineral assemblagescould have been caused by local variations in the relativemole fractions of CO. and H,,0 in the metamorphic porefluid.

Occurrence of cuspidineCuspidine forms colorless, clear, distorted crys-

tals in several of the assemblages described above. It isreadily recognized by its moderately strong yellow to paleviolet fluorescence under longwave ultraviolet light; theresponse under shortwave radiation is similar but weaker.The occurrence of cuspidine at Franklin was reported byPalache(1910, 1935) as a result of an earlier analysis

(Continued on Page 22, See Nojes.)

The Picking Table, Fatt 1990 19


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Omer S. Dean, PresidentFranklin-Ogdensburg Mineralogical Society

A symposium, co-sponsored by the Franklin-Ogdensburg Mineralogical Society and Lehigh Univer-sity, was held on Saturday, May 19, 1990, in Harvey A.Neville Hall, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylva-nia. The symposium was entitled "Character and Originof the Franklin-Sterling Hill Orebodies". This was thesecond symposium sponsored by the FOMS since itsbeginnings back in 1959. The first symposium was heldin the Franklin Armory, Franklin, New Jersey on June 3and 4, 1961. Readers may find more details about the firstsymposium in The Picking Table, 2, #2, 5-6 (1961).

It is Manuel Robbins to whom we are indebted forthe conception, labour, and birth of the Lehigh Sympo-sium. Manny, author and columnist, has been interestedin the origin of the orebodies for a long time and felt un-satisfied by what was to be found in the literature. He feltthat a symposium might focus wide-spread attention onthe topic. His first contact with the FOMS was withWilliam J. Trost, FOMS president at the time, who gavehim strong initial support. Manny made his first presen-tation to the FOMS Board of Directors in April, 1988, andmet with them on several occasions during the two yearsthat followed. Each session was structured around proj-ect status and what was yet to be done.

Manuel Robbins' efforts were all-encompassing.He provided the schedule of activities leading up to the

symposium date; coordinated the advertising campaign,including providing information and dates to variousperiodicals; coordinated speaker and campus issues withDr. Sclar; reviewed and edited the first drafts of papers;edited final manuscripts for the proceedings volume;wrote the Forward for the Proceedings Volume; obtainedbids from printers; provided guidance to the chosenprinter; etc. Some of his tasks unavoidably bordered onthe mundane; to mention only a couple: it was Manny whodrove around Bethlehem sketching out the small map forgetting to the symposium which was used in the advertis-ing flyers; it was Manny who brought the big coffee urnfor use at the symposium and it was he who purchased thecoffee, the cups, etc.

Manuel Robbins needed a lot of help and he got itfrom Dr. Charles B. Sclar, from Lehigh University, andfrom FOMS members. Let me quote from the letter whichI requested Manny write to me: "Dr. Sclar's role wasindispensible. He brought the prestige of the Universityand his own personal prestige into the picture. As a result,everyone we invited to speak (with the exception of [nameomitted]) immediately accepted our invitation. In addi-tion, two other scientists —from Australia and Den-mark—asked to be allowed to submit papers, and wereaccepted. He [Dr. Sclar] also was able to get campusfacilities for us at no charge to us, and was in frequentcontact with the speakers at all times, and kept them onschedule with regard to producing papers , and, ofcourse, he conducted the symposium himself," Mannyand the Society are also indebted to Paul Benoit, a gradu-ate student at Lehigh, who oversaw certain final retypesperformed at Lehigh, provided the table of contents for theProceedings Volume, and maintained local contact withthe printer during the printing itself.

The following FOMS members, not mentionedpreviously, deserve the Society's thanks for their contri-butions of effort, talent, and time to the Symposium:Philip P. Betancourt—the printing of tickets for theSymposium; the preparation and printing of the pre-

Figure 1. Neville Hall, Lehigh University maincampus, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, site of the Sym-posium on the morning of May 19, 1990,

20 The Picking Table, FaU 1999


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FOMS - Lehigh University

Symposium

on

Character and Origin of the Franklin-Sterling Hill Orebodies

May 19, 1990

Coffee: 9:30 • 9:55 A.M.

10:00 A.M. Historical overview of the development of mineralogical scienceat Franklin and Sterling Hill, Sussex County, N.J. byClifford Frondel, Harvard University.

10:40 A.M. The regional geological setting of the Franklin-Sterling HillDistrict by Avery A. Drake, Jr., U.S. Geological Survey.

11:20 A.M. Geology of the Sterling Hill Zn, Fe, Mn deposit byR.W. Metsger, N.J. Geological Survey.

Lunch: Noon - 1:30 P.M.

1:30 P.M.

2:10 P.M.

3:10 P.M.

3:40 P.M.

4:10 P.M.

4:40 P.M.

5:10 -5:20 P.M.

Franklinites from Franklin and Sterling Hill, New Jersey andoxygen fugacities of the deposits by P.B. Leavens, Universityof Delaware, and J.A. Nelen, Smithsonian Institution.

Unusual oxygen isotopic compositions in and around the SterlingHill and Franklin Furnace ore deposits by C.A. Johnson,D.M. Rye, and B. J. Skinner, Yale University.

Break: 2:50 - 3:10 P.M.

Origin, boron isotope geochemistry, and mineralogy of theFranklin Marble by Paul B. Moore, University of Chicago andG. H. Swihart, Memphis State University.

Synthesis of Franklin and Sterling Hill minerals using amicrowave oven by H. K. Worner, B. E. Chenhall, and J. Jones,University of Wollongong, Australia. Presented by Carl Francis,Harvard University.

Luminescence and composition studies on primary, altered, andsecondary willemites from the Sterling Hill mineral deposit,New Jersey by E. Makovicky, University of Copenhagen, andB.J. Skinner, Yale University. Presented by Craig Johnson,American Museum of Natural History.

Geothermometry at the Sterling Hill zinc deposit, SussexCounty, N.J. (Just how hot did it get at Sterling Hill?) byC. B. Sclar, Lehigh University.

Closing Remarks

Figure 2 (above). The agendum for the Lehigb Sym-posium.

publication order forms for the Proceedings Volume.Richard C. Bostwick—obtaining price quotes for variousprinting methods for the Proceedings Volume. JohnCianciulli —obtaining price quotes for the printing of theadvertising flyers; having the flyers printed; paying all the

bills; manning the admission ticket/publication sales tableat the Symposium (John even missed hearing thespeakers). Joan CianciulJi —shared duties with John at theadmission ticket/publication sales table. WarrenCum tilings —provided geological specimens for thedisplays in the lobby outside the room in which theSymposium was held. Omer S. Dean—created flyerlayout; created the cover artwork for the Proceedings



www.FOMSNJ.org

Volume; obtained a bid for flyer printing; providedgeneral support. Ron DeBlois— helped Steve Misiur withsetting up the specimen displays for the Symposium.Steven C. Misiur— took responsibility for all advertisingand publicity, sent Symposium flyers to over 290 mineralclubs; notified a number of journals, beyond thosecontacted by Manny, regarding the Symposium; gatheredspecified specimens from individuals for the displays;made labels for the specimens; set up the displays and latertook them down, etc. Neal K. Resch— obtained andprovided Society members with detailed directionsregarding the Bethlehem area and the Lehigh Campus;helped guide attendees to Neville Hall from MountainTop on the morning of the Symposium. Hugh Ronemus—made eye-catching signs and posted them in strategicplaces in Bethlehem and the approaches to Bethlehem;provided verbal guidance to attendees who arrived at theMountain Top location on how to get to Neville Hall;provided attendees with suggestions regarding eatingplaces and other necessities during the noon hour andbreak periods at the Symposium. Stephen Sanford —provided specimens from his Franklin-Sterling Hill geo-logical collection for use in the displays at the Sym-

(Continued from Page 19)(1899) of colorless crystals by C, H. Warren, but samplessince that time have been unknown. Cuspidine has notbeen found at Sterling Hill.

The composition of Franklin cuspidine conformsclosely to the ideal composition and shows minimal sub-stitution of (OH) for F. The mineral in some specimens isin apparent chemical equilibrium with glaucochroite(which is younger) and hardystonite, and in other speci-mens occurs as a late-stage mineral, forming druses withclinohedrite in solution vugs in massive willemite in22

Figure 3 (left). Lehigh Sympo-sium attendees begin arrivingoutside Neville Hall before 9 a.m.on Saturday, May 19, 1990.

posium. Edward H. Wilk-pro-vided the postcard photograph ofthe Palmer Shaft, Franklin Furnace,New Jersey, circa 1907, used as partof the artwork on the cover of theProceedings Volume.

The Symposium agendum,including the titles of the variouspresentations, is shown in Figure 2,and the various speakers are pic-tured on the front cover of this issueof The Picking Table. The Franklin-Ogdensburg Mineralogical Societyextends its congratulations to Dr.

Sclar for a job well done and expresses its sincere appre-ciation to him for his many and diverse efforts on theSociety's behalf. The Society expresses its gratitude toLehigh University for hosting the Symposium in itsNeville Hall; the facilities were very appropriate for theneeds of such a function. The Society expresses also itsthanks to the speakers who constituted this Symposium;their presentations were thought-provoking and their de-livery exceptional. Finally, those authors who contributedpapers but who could not be present at the Symposium,and thus had others speak for them, are thanked for theirconsiderable contribution to the stature and merit of theproceedings.

It is hoped that no one has been overlooked in thelist of acknowledgments. If it has happened, please acceptmy apologies and please see that I am notified so the situ-ation can be rectified in the next issue in the "From theEditor's Desk" column. Speaking of acknowledgments,the author thanks Jack Baum and Earl Verbeek for theirvalued suggestions, and Betty L. Dean for her photo-graphs (Figures 1 and 3) which will help us remember thisoccasion.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

assemblages where glaucochroite crystals are embeddedin the willemite. ERV 6/90

Membership NewsJoe Cilen, a trustee of the Society and our Banquet

Chairman, is recuperating at home from recent heart sur-gery. Will Sbulman, a member of long standing, is alsorecuperating from heart surgery which he underwent inthe late spring. The Society wishes you both a speedyrecovery.



www.FOMSNJ.org

OPEN TO THE PUBLIC

AUGUST 1. 1990

Featuring:Underground Guided Tours

AntiqueMining EquipmentDisplaysMining Memorabilia Displays

Gift Shop Stocked by Local CraftsmenFood Concession and Picnic Area

Nature Trails and Much, Much More!

Learn about the importance of the MiningIndustry to northwestern New Jersey

See Historic Mine WorkingsDon't miss the "Rainbow Room"!!

THE STERLING HILL MINING MUSEUMPlant Street

Ogdensburg, NJ 07439

Richard Hauck and Robert Hauck, ProprietorsMuseum Phone (201) 209-7212

AdmissionPrices:Adults—$6.50;Children—$4.50

SeniorCitizens—$5.50

FRANKLIN MINERAL MUSEUMExhibiting by means of guided tours Franklin-Sterling Hill, New Jersey mineral specimens,educational exhibits in mining methods and his-tory including a life-sized replica of under-ground workings, artifacts, gem stones, zincuses, and a 32 foot long fluorescent mineraldisplay.

Featuring collections of Kraissl-Lemanski, Spex-Gerstmann, Sunny Cook, R.Hauck, J.Gouger,Jr.,and others.

Mineral collecting on the Buckwheat Dump.Ample parking, picnic grounds.

Offering for sale: Area minerals, fluorescentspecimens, micromounts, mineral sets, amethystcrystal groups, agate slabs, onyx carvings, UVlamps, hammers, lenses, mineral books, 35mmslides of fluorescent minerals by Henry VanLenten, T-shirts, patches, postcards, and refresh-ments.

Franklin, New Jersey"The Fluorescent Mineral

Capital of the World"

OPERATING SCHEDULE

SPRING (April 15 - June 30)* andFALL (Sept. 1 - Nov. 15)

Monday: ClosedTues., Wed., Thurs.: Groups, by ReservationFri. & Sat.: Open to Public 10 a.m. - 4 p.m.Sunday: Open to Public 12:30 p.m. - 4:30 p.m.

SUMMER (July, Aug.)Mon., Tues.: ClosedWed. thru Sat.: Open to Public 10 a.m. - 4 p.m.Sunday: Open to Public 12:30 p.m. - 4:30 p.m.

'Closed Easter

Adults $2.00Grammar & High School Students $1.00

Separate Admission Fee to Buckwheat DumpSame as to Mineral Museum

No reservations necessary for Friday, Saturday or Sun-day with the exception of school groups on Fridays.

Admission to Museum includes guided tours.EVANS STREET - P.O. BOX 54(Between Main St. and Buckwheat Rd.)

FRANKLIN, NJ. 07416(201) 827-3481



www.FOMSNJ.org

The Franklin-Ogdensbnrg Mineralogies! Society, Inc.

The regular activities of the Society consist of lecture programs, and fieldtrips. The regular meetings of the Society are held on the third Saturday of March,April, May, June, September, October, and November. Unless otherwise speci-fied, lecture programs will be followed by business meetings. The seasonal sched-ule below shows time and place in bold-face for all activities. Except for Marchand November meetings, held at the Hardyston Township School, all others takeplace at Kraissl Hall, Franklin Mineral Museum, Evans Street, Franklin, NewJersey.

September 15. 1990 (Saturday)Field Trip: 10 a.m. - noon

Business 1 -1:30 pm.Meeting:

Buckwheat Dump, Evans Street, Franklin, NJ.

Many important items to be discussed! Kraissl Hall, Franklin MineralMuseum, Evans Street, Franklin, NJ. Be there!!

Lecture: 1:30 pm. sharp "The Life of R. B. Gage. FranHin Mineral Collector" by Neai Resch.

October 6. 1990 (Saturday)Dinner: 7:00 p.m.

October 6 & 7 (Saturday & Sunday)Show: Usual hours

will prevail

12th Annual FOMS Dinner, See opposite page for details.

The 34th Annual Franklin-Sterling Mineral Exhibit, FranklinArmory, Franklin, NJ. The guest speaker is Earl R. Verbeek,U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, Colorado. His program is entitled"Structural environment of late-stage hydrothermal mineral?; atSterling Hill—new work on old faults".

October 20. 1990 (Saturday)Field Trip: 10 a.m. - noon

Lecture. 1:30 p.m.

Buckwheat Dump, Evans Street, Franklin, NJ.

"Cahnite and other minerals from Franklin and Sterling Hill" by

November 17. 1990 (Saturday)Field Trip: 9 a.m, - noon

Vandall King, Rochester, N.Y. The lecture and the business meetingwhich follows will take

the picking table volume 31, no. 2 fall 1990fomsnj.org/pdf/pickingtable/pt31-2.pdftabl journal of...

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