the physics of ski jumpimg - medunigraz.at · medical university of graz, austria prevention and...

Medical University of Graz, Austria

BEWEGUNG und

GESUNDHEIT

(Health Aging Seminar)

Wolfram Müller

Institut für Biophysik

Graz, 29.Oktober 2015

Medical University of Graz, Austria Children's Games (Kinderspiele), 1560 (oil on panel), Bruegel, Pieter the Elder

(c.1525–69) Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna, Austria / The Bridgeman Art Library

EINE NEUE BERWEGUNGKULTUR IST ERFORDERLICH

Toni Hertl, 67, Graz

Isometrische

Beanspruchung

Johanna Quaas, 81


Prevention and management of non-communicable disease: the IOC consensus statement, Lausanne 2013.

Gordon O Matheson, Martin Klügl, Lars Engebretsen, Fredrik Bendiksen, Steven N Blair, Mats Börjesson, Richard Budgett, Wayne Derman, Uğur Erdener, John P A Ioannidis, Karim M Khan, Rodrigo Martinez, Willem Van Mechelen, Margo Mountjoy, Robert E Sallis, Martin Schwellnus, Rebecca Shultz, Torbjørn Soligard, Kathrin Steffen, Carl Johan Sundberg, Richard Weiler, Arne Ljungqvist. Br J Sports Med 2013;47:1003-1011 doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-093034

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) Cardiovascular disease Diabetes Cancer Chronic respiratory disease Hypertension Dyslipidemia Obesity Metabolic syndrome Arthritis Osteopenia/osteoporosis Degenerative disc disease Depression Sarcopenia and frailty Cognitive impairment Cerebrovascular disease Neurodegenerative disease Rheumatoid arthritis

Nicht ansteckende Krankheiten Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankung Zuckerkrankheit Krebs Chronische Atemwegserkrankung Bluthochdruck Fettstoffwechselstörung Fettleibigkeit Metabolisches Syndrom Gelenkentzündung Knochenschwund Degenerative Bandscheibenerkrankungen Depression Sarcopenie („wenig Muskel“) und Gebrechlichkeit Kognitive Beeinträchtigung Zerebrovaskuläre Krankheit Neurodegenerative Erkrankung Gelenkrheumatismus

63% of the worlds population dye of NCDs

Phys. Inactivity causes 9% of premature mortality (5.3 Mio of 57 Mio, p.a.) The Lancet 2012

Wolfram Müller, Graz, Austria

Wolfram Müller, Medical University of Graz, Austria

Pedersen BK, Saltin B, Scand J Med Sci Sports 2006:

Evidence for prescribing exercise as a therapy

Metabolic Syndrom diseases: insulin resistance, type-2 diabetes,

hypertension, obesity

Heart and pulmonary diseases: chronic obstructive pulmonary d.,

choronary heart d., chronic heart failure,

intermittent claudication

Muscle, joint, and bone diseases: osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis,

osteoporosis, fibromyalgia, chronic

fatique syndrome

Cancer

Depression

Asthma

Type-1 diabetes

„Vor allem ist es die Freude,

die durch wehleidige Unlustvermeidung

unerreichbar geworden ist."

Konrad Lorenz:

Die acht Todsünden der zivilisierten Menschheit


Dinge bewegen ist alles, was der Mensch zu tun vermag;

dies bewirkt einzig und allein die Muskulatur,

ob beim Flüstern einer Silbe

oder beim Roden eines Waldes.

To move things is all that mankind can do;

for such the sole executant is muscle,

whether in whispering a syllable

or in felling a forest.

C. S. Sherrington:

Nobelprize in Medicine 1932

LINACRE LECTURE, 1924

In: JC Eccles, WC Gibson(eds.):

Sherrington, CS: His Life and Thought, NY, Springer, 59



FWF-Projekt P09904. Bewegungskultur in Tibet,1994 Wolfram Müller, Graz, Austria

MODELLING

HEBEN von Lasten


RUNNING: MOTION TRACKING combined with GROUND REACTION FORCE MEASUREMENT

Photos W. Müller Elvis KiprutoMaiyo Wolfram Müller, Graz, Austria

RUNNING: GROUND REACTION FORCE MEASUREMENT RESULTS

Marathon Running

‘In short, the human ability to run long distances, such

as a marathon, is neither a simple byproduct of the

ability to walk bipedally, nor a biologically aberrant

behaviour. Instead, running has deep evolutionary

roots. Although humans no longer need to run, the

capacity and proclivity to run marathons is the modern

manifestation of a uniquely human trait that help make

humans the way we are.’

Lieberman D.E., Bramble D.M. The Evolution of Marathon Running. Capabilities in Humans.

Sports Med 2007; 37 (4-5): 288-290


0 1000 2000 3000 4000 50000

2

4

6

8

10

Phase III - 280W

MLSS - 260W

Phase II - 220W

Phase I - 140W

time [s]

La

[m

ol.l-1

]

W. Müller, P. Hofmann: Performance Factors In: H. Nörstrud (ed.): Sports Aerodynamics Springer, Wien, 2008 Figure: P. Hofmann


POWER

P = 𝑊

𝑡 =

𝐹 𝑠

𝑡 = F v

Leistung = Kraft mal Geschwindigkeit


Energy production modes as a function of activity duration

(schematically).

nach D. W. Edington and V. R. Edington, 1976.


HUMAN POWER SPECTRUM

Müller W., ISB; 2009 , Cape Town, South Africa

Müller W., ECSS, 2009, Oslo, Norway

Müller W, Schmölzer B, Isokinet Exerc Sci 2006; 14 (2) 137-9

Müller W, Fürhapter-Rieger A, Isokinet Exerc Sci 2006; 14 (2) 201-3

Fürhapter-Rieger A, Müller W, 2006, J Biomech; 39 (1) 560

Fürhapter-Rieger A, Kröpfl J, Rosmann P, Müller W, 2010 J Biomech (accepted)

Decathlete; 100m: 10.9s ; 1500m: 5'00''


ENERGY EXPENDITURE AT REST

W 1.22

kg

m [kg] P[W]

50 61

60 73

70 85

80 98

90 110

100 120

1𝑊 ≜ 2.87𝑚𝑙 𝑂2𝑚𝑖𝑛



ERNÄHRUNG und BEWEGUNG

Satz von der

Erhaltung der Energie

Bergwanderung: mgh = 80·9,81·1000 = 800 kJ; 800·5 = 4 MJ

Salami: 22 MJ/kg ------- 4/22 = 180 g Salami

Brot: 10 MJ/kg ------- 4/10 = 400 g Brot

Oder: 100g Salami plus 180g Brot

Oder:

Spargel: 0,8 MJ/kg ------ 4/0,8 = 5 kg Spargel

Gurke: 0.3 MJ/kg ------ 4/0,3 = 13 kg Gurke

Ruheumsatz: 1.22·80 = 100 W; 100·60·60 = 0,36 MJ/h

(0,36/30=12g/h Speck; 0,36/0,8 = 1,2 kg/h Gurke)


2009, the IOC Medical Commission has set up an ad hoc Working Group for research on

Body Composition, Health and Performance (BCHP)

to address health and performance issues related to these topics in

WEIGHT-SENSITIVE SPORTS.

Coordinated by Wolfram Müller, Medical University of Graz, Austria

The health of the athletes can be severely threatened by current weight loss practices with serious consequences.

©Kishimoto

IOC Concerned about Body Composition, Health and Performance

of Athletes, http://www.olympic.org/

Wolfram Müller, Department of Biophysics, Medical University of Graz

WHO comment on BMI

“Problems arise, however, in adults

whose shape differ from the norm,

particularly in those whose legs are shorter or longer

than might be expected for their height."

WHO Expert Committee on Physical Status 1995,

Technical Report Series 854

THE MASS INDEX MI

𝑀𝐼 𝑘 = 𝐵𝑀𝐼 𝐶

𝐶

𝑘

= 𝑚

ℎ2 𝐶

𝑠ℎ

𝑘

𝐶 = 0.53 mean of the Cormic Index C continuum

C = s/h s sitting height; h stature

𝑀𝐼1 = 𝐶 𝑚

ℎ 𝑠= 0.53

𝑚

ℎ 𝑠

Müller W. Sports Med 2009; 39 (2): 85-106 (leading article)

Müller W, Gröschl W, Müller R, Sudi K: Int J Sports Med 2006; 27 (11): 926-34

Ackland T. , Lohman T., Sundgot-Borgen J., Maughan R., Meyer N., Stewart A., Müller W: Sports Med 2012; 42 (3): 227-249 Müller W: Br J Sports Med 2009; 43 (13): 1013-19

Müller W, Lohman T, Stewart A, Maughan RJ, Meyer N et al. Subcutaneous fat

patterning in athletes: selection of appropriate sites and standardisation of a

novel ultrasound measurement technique. Br J Sports Med 2016, January

(accepted)

Müller W, Maughan RJ. The need for a novel approach to measure body

composition: is ultrasound an answer?

Br J Sports Med. 2013; 47(16):1001-1002

Müller W, Horn M, Fürhapter-Rieger A, Kainz P, Kröpfl JM, Maughan RJ,

Ahammer H. Body composition in sport: a comparison of a novel ultrasound

imaging technique to measure subcutaneous fat tissue compared with skinfold

measurement. Br J Sports Med 2013; 47:1028-1035

Müller W, Horn M, Fürhapter-Rieger A, Kainz P, Kröpfl JM, Ackland TR,

Lohman TG, Maughan RJ, Meyer NL, Sundgot-Borgen J, Stewart AD,

Ahammer H. Body Composition in Sport: Inter-observer reliability of a novel

ultrasound measure of subcutaneous fat tissue.

Br J Sports Med 2013;47:1036-1043

Meyer NL, Sundgot-Borgen J, Lohman TG, Ackland TR, Stewart AD, Maughan

RJ, Smith S, Müller W: Body Composition for Health and Performance: A

Survey of Body Composition Assessment. Br J Sports Med 2013;47:1044-

1053

Sundgot-Borgen J, Meyer NL, Lohman TG, Ackland TR, Maughan RJ, Stewart

AD, Müller W: How to minimise the health risks to athletes who compete in

weight-sensitive sports. Review and position statement under the auspices of

the IOC Medical Commission. Br J Sports Med. 2013; 47(16): 1012-1022

MEASUREMENT of

SUBCUTANEOUS ADIPOSE TISSUE

ULTRASOUND SITES



US

SUB-

KUTAN-

FETT

PROFIL


Da nach dem Vortrag Interesse an Ultraschallmessungen bestand:

Private Kontaktadresse für solche Untersuchungen:

Fettprofilmessungen mit Ultraschall

Anthropometrische Untersuchungen

Messung der Leistungsfähigkeit (Human Power Spectrum, HPS)

Bewegungs- und Trainingsberatung

Fa. Rotosport, Graz

rotosport.com

0043 650 6941666

MOUNTAINEERING: ALTITUDE ACCLIMATISATION

HYPOXY LABORATORY, HPR Graz, Mozartgasse 14

HYPOXY INFLUENCE

on

REGULATION

Domej, Cagran, Huber,

Ahammer, Müller

HYPOXY TRIGGERED

DIZZINESS

Domej, Cagran, Huber,

Ahammer, Müller



Goethe gibt in der Ballade Der Schatzgräber die Anweisung

für ein erfülltes Leben

Tages Arbeit! Abends Gäste!

Saure Wochen! Frohe Feste!

the physics of ski jumpimg - medunigraz.at · medical university of graz, austria prevention and...

Documents