the pharmacists
DESCRIPTION
The pharmacists . Hypertension. Umm Al- Qura University Faculty of pharmacology department . Supervisor : Prof. Dr.Hekma Coordinator : Ph.Fatmah Bakhder. Contents :. Definition Trade and generic names Mechanism of action Clinical use Side effects Drug interactions Life style. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
The pharmacists
HYPERTENSION
Umm Al-Qura University
Faculty of pharmacology department
Supervisor : Prof. Dr.Hekma Coordinator : Ph.Fatmah Bakhder
Contents: • Definition • Trade and generic names• Mechanism of action• Clinical use• Side effects• Drug interactions• Life style
Definition BP , defined as a
repeatedly elevated blood pressure exceeding 140 over 90 mmHg.
a systoic pressure above 140 or a diastolic pressure above 90
Causes of hypertension •Smoking •Obesity •Low physical activity•Salt diet •alcohol intake
Treatment of hypertension
Antihypertensive drug
:Mechanism Of
Action
Aliskirenside effects
Renin angiotensin system
AliskirenAliskiren had acceptable oral bioavailability and were clinical enough for clinical uses, but it has some of side
effects:
Cardiovascular
Cardiovascular side effects have included extremely rare cases of hypotension (0.1%) and angioedema (0.06%).
Respiratory systemIn this research (Effects of modulators of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system on cough), researcher mentioned that there is a relation between patients with uncomplicated primary hypertension with a history of ACE inhibitor-related cough
Nervous system Nervous system side effects have included headache, dizziness, fatigue, and single episodes of tonic-clonic seizures with loss of consciousness.
Gastrointestinal system Inhibit renin release leading to decrease of angiotensin II secretion , and that mean loss of higher amount of water and sodium causing diarrhea.
(THE EFFECT OF THERENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM ON MUCOSAL WATER AND SODIUM TRANSFER IN EVERTED SACS OF RAT JEJUNUMBy ANN
D. CROCKER* AND KENNETH A. MUNDAY )
Dermatic
Due to decrease of angiotensin release , vascular 'll dilate and appear of redness & rash .
Caution
Drugs that act directly on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAA) system can cause fetal and neonatal morbidity and death when administeredduring pregnancy.
Drug Interactions
Ashwag Zahed Kofiah + Shatha Abdulbasset Abed
ACE inhibitors (Captopril)
ARBs (Valsartan)
potassium-sparing
diuretics, potassium
supplements
ACE ICaptopril VS Aliskiren
ARBsValsartan VS Aliskiren
Drugs that increase k LEVEL Spironolactone VS Aliskiren
- Hyperkalemia
-Kidney failure -Muscle paralysis-Irregular heart rhythm& cardiac arrest!
Statements that’s may increase the risk…
-Elderly -Dehydrated
-Kidney disease-Diabetes
-Advanced heart failure -Regular or long term
use of NSAIDs
Cyclosporines (Neoral)
HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors
(Atorvastatin)
Itraconazole and
Ketoconazole
Cyclosporines Neoral VS Aliskiren
HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors
Atorvastatin VS Aliskiren P-gp Inhibitors
Ketoconazole VS Aliskiren
• Thiazide diuretics (hydrochlorothiazide)
• Loop diuretics (Furosemide)
• Tizanidine
• High-fat meals
Thiazide Diuretics Aliskiren VS Hydreochlorothiazide
serm uric acid
Hyperurecemia
Loop DiureticsAliskiren VS
FurosamideBlood cocnc of
Furosamide
Reduce its efficacy
Additive effects in lowering BP
Muscle relaxant ..
Tizanidine VS Aliskiren
Food drug interaction High fat meals VS
Aliskiren
Absroption of Aliskiren
AUC & Cmax
Non-Pharmacologic Management of Hypertension
disease
Modification of seven life styleSODIUM REDUCTIONEXERCISEAVOID ALCOHOL CONSUMPTIONDIETARY CHANGESWEIGHT LOSSSMOKING CESSATIONMEDITATION
SODIUM REDUCTIONThe recommended sodium intake is less than 6gms per day for all patients with hypertension or prehypertension.
EXERCISEDoing of exercise for 30 minutes on most days of the week is help patients with prehypertension to reductions of 4 mm Hg in systolic blood pressure and 3 mm Hg in diastolic blood pressure.
DIETARY CHANGESBy following of DASH plane which is depend on fruits and vegetables; high in low-fat dairy products, potassium, magnesium, and calcium; and low in total saturated fats.
WEIGHT LOSSReduction of 10 lb can help reduce blood pressure or prevent hypertension
.
SMOKING CESSATION
In patients with hypertension, there is an increase in cardiovascular events in those who smoke compared with those who do not. So. decreasing smoking lead to reduce of blood pressure clearly.
MEDITATIONInclude Meditate on God's creatures in the universe, like the sun, moon, birds, sunrise and sunset, all this help patients with hypertension and any person to be quiet and closer to the God
Done by: Ashwa
q zahedElaf KhalifaBashier al ameerBayan bazDuaa ageel Shatha abed
Lina aldawo
odMaeen medwah
iMorooj almoaldMarwa barnawyHadeel al-fahmiYasmeen alsahafy