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The Persian Wars: A Defining Moment in Greek History What is the opposite of Greek? What does it take to make the Greeks unite against a common enemy?

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Page 1: The Persian Wars: A Defining Moment in Greek History What is the opposite of Greek? What does it take to make the Greeks unite against a common enemy?

The Persian Wars: A Defining Moment in Greek History

What is the opposite of Greek?

What does it take to make the Greeks unite against a common enemy?

Page 2: The Persian Wars: A Defining Moment in Greek History What is the opposite of Greek? What does it take to make the Greeks unite against a common enemy?

Tonight’s Class

The Persian Wars, Part I

Movie: Homer’s Odyssey

Persian Wars, Part II

Page 3: The Persian Wars: A Defining Moment in Greek History What is the opposite of Greek? What does it take to make the Greeks unite against a common enemy?

Key Questions for Today’s Lecture

Who are the Persians?

What are the causes of war?

What key events occur during the war?

Who wins the war and what are the consequences?

Page 4: The Persian Wars: A Defining Moment in Greek History What is the opposite of Greek? What does it take to make the Greeks unite against a common enemy?

Where Is Persia?

Page 5: The Persian Wars: A Defining Moment in Greek History What is the opposite of Greek? What does it take to make the Greeks unite against a common enemy?

Who Are The Persians?

Absolute Rule of Kings

Poverty vs. Decadence

Excellence vs. Money

Page 6: The Persian Wars: A Defining Moment in Greek History What is the opposite of Greek? What does it take to make the Greeks unite against a common enemy?

The Causes of War

Persians invaded Greece

490 BC (Marathon)

480-479 BC

Page 7: The Persian Wars: A Defining Moment in Greek History What is the opposite of Greek? What does it take to make the Greeks unite against a common enemy?

Battle of Marathon- 490 BCE

Countless Persians vs. 10,000 Athenians

“The magnificent grove of Marathon can confirm his bravery – as well as the long-haired Persian – who remembers it well.”

- Epitaph of Aeschylus

Where were the Spartans?

Page 8: The Persian Wars: A Defining Moment in Greek History What is the opposite of Greek? What does it take to make the Greeks unite against a common enemy?

The Consequences of War

History changes as a result of this battle

Athenians = great political confidence

Athenian wealth, greatness + power reflected in literature + building projects

Page 9: The Persian Wars: A Defining Moment in Greek History What is the opposite of Greek? What does it take to make the Greeks unite against a common enemy?

Athens as a Naval Power

482 BCE

Silver Mines

Aristides’s Plan

Themistocles’s resolve

Page 10: The Persian Wars: A Defining Moment in Greek History What is the opposite of Greek? What does it take to make the Greeks unite against a common enemy?

The Madness of Xerxes

Bridge over the Hellespont

40,000 hoplites + 366 ships

200,000 + 1000 ships

Ships destroyed

Page 11: The Persian Wars: A Defining Moment in Greek History What is the opposite of Greek? What does it take to make the Greeks unite against a common enemy?

Thermopylae – 480 BCE

Trap the army, destroy the fleet

300 men, 2 days, one fight to the death

“Go tell them in Sparta, stranger, that we lie here obedient to their orders.”

Simonides

Page 12: The Persian Wars: A Defining Moment in Greek History What is the opposite of Greek? What does it take to make the Greeks unite against a common enemy?

Leonidas - Hero Of the Battle

Page 13: The Persian Wars: A Defining Moment in Greek History What is the opposite of Greek? What does it take to make the Greeks unite against a common enemy?

If Fox News Had Been There!

Page 14: The Persian Wars: A Defining Moment in Greek History What is the opposite of Greek? What does it take to make the Greeks unite against a common enemy?

Salamis – 480 BCE

Themistocles’s Brilliant Plan

Greek Fleet vs. Persian Fleet

Persia loses the battle

Page 15: The Persian Wars: A Defining Moment in Greek History What is the opposite of Greek? What does it take to make the Greeks unite against a common enemy?
Page 16: The Persian Wars: A Defining Moment in Greek History What is the opposite of Greek? What does it take to make the Greeks unite against a common enemy?

479 Battle of Plataea

Spartans win

But Athens still has naval superiority

Greeks win war, but lose internal unity

Page 17: The Persian Wars: A Defining Moment in Greek History What is the opposite of Greek? What does it take to make the Greeks unite against a common enemy?

Sparta vs. Athens

Sparta won the deciding battle but . . .

Athens had the navy

478 - Delian League

One vote each = democratic alliance

Page 18: The Persian Wars: A Defining Moment in Greek History What is the opposite of Greek? What does it take to make the Greeks unite against a common enemy?

Why Is This A Defining Moment in Greek History?

Athens - cultural center of the Greek World . . . with the common enemy vanquished, Greeks will fight amongst themselves.

Page 19: The Persian Wars: A Defining Moment in Greek History What is the opposite of Greek? What does it take to make the Greeks unite against a common enemy?

Coming Next Week . . .

ATHENIAN LEADERSHIP

WOULD THE ATHENIANS HAVE ELECTED ARNOLD?


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