The path to market success for The path to market success for dynamic spectrum access dynamic spectrum access

technologytechnology

John Chapin and William LehrJohn Chapin and William Lehr

Why this paper?Why this paper?

Not technical in particularNot technical in particular A general viewA general view

DefinitionsDefinitions

Cooperative DSACooperative DSA– Only with permission of the PMOnly with permission of the PM

Non-cooperative DSANon-cooperative DSA– Does not require permission (UWB, underlay)Does not require permission (UWB, underlay)

Spectrum etiquetteSpectrum etiquette– PHY (power)PHY (power)– MAC (listen-before-talk)MAC (listen-before-talk)

EnablersEnablers

Available spectrumAvailable spectrum Customer demandCustomer demand Low transaction costLow transaction cost

Available spectrumAvailable spectrum

Market ProcessMarket Process– Perceived risk of interference low enoughPerceived risk of interference low enough– Pricing (below-equilibrium-price to start with)Pricing (below-equilibrium-price to start with)

Regulatory actionRegulatory action– Enough 2Enough 2ndnd spectrum to start with spectrum to start with– Shared between federal and non-federal usersShared between federal and non-federal users

Example: 5G unlicensed band is shared with military Example: 5G unlicensed band is shared with military radarradar

Cont’dCont’d Current statusCurrent status

– FCC rulemakingFCC rulemaking– Slow in practice, chicken-egg problem Slow in practice, chicken-egg problem – Limited # of players, limited (long-term) guarantees, investment cost Limited # of players, limited (long-term) guarantees, investment cost – XG: military to military sharingXG: military to military sharing– Unlicensed band can benefit from DSRUnlicensed band can benefit from DSR

WLAN that does not interfere with cordless phoneWLAN that does not interfere with cordless phone WLAN that avoid microwave, bluetooth, etc. WLAN that avoid microwave, bluetooth, etc. Home-networking experience: WLAN, microwave, Bluetooth, cordless phone, sensor Home-networking experience: WLAN, microwave, Bluetooth, cordless phone, sensor

networks, etc.networks, etc.

A general view: A general view: – Smart (heterogeneous) devices work better together, with or without spectrum Smart (heterogeneous) devices work better together, with or without spectrum

reformsreforms– Current and futureCurrent and future

XG: military to military XG: military to military 4G will be an integrated heterogeneous system 4G will be an integrated heterogeneous system Integrated WiFi/WiMAXIntegrated WiFi/WiMAX Smart WiFi/meshSmart WiFi/mesh

Customer demand (expand)Customer demand (expand) Initial customersInitial customers

– Equipment vendors (WiFi access points with better agility) Equipment vendors (WiFi access points with better agility) – Service providers (cellular)Service providers (cellular)

On-demand applicationsOn-demand applications– Hotels hosting a conventionHotels hosting a convention– Football gamesFootball games– Community networksCommunity networks

DIFFERENT QoS (not necessarily worse)DIFFERENT QoS (not necessarily worse)– DSR vs. demand-and-control (analogy: Internet vs. telephone nw)DSR vs. demand-and-control (analogy: Internet vs. telephone nw)– Different properties at different bands, e.g., DSR in VHF band for better penetration Different properties at different bands, e.g., DSR in VHF band for better penetration – Multimedia services for cellular (not affordable at voice price)Multimedia services for cellular (not affordable at voice price)– Best-effort service, delay-tolerance serviceBest-effort service, delay-tolerance service– Or bundle with a band with guaranteed access right (e.g., cellular using extra band through DSR)Or bundle with a band with guaranteed access right (e.g., cellular using extra band through DSR)– Or bundle multiple DSR bands togetherOr bundle multiple DSR bands together– If price is right! If price is right!

Legacy applicationsLegacy applications– Protection, especially with multiple un-coordinated secondaries Protection, especially with multiple un-coordinated secondaries

New applications are often unforeseeableNew applications are often unforeseeable– 2.4G was considered as the junk band2.4G was considered as the junk band

A lot of these issues are good research topics!A lot of these issues are good research topics!

Costs and risks (follow the paper)Costs and risks (follow the paper)

Costs:Costs:– Searching for opportunities, FCC regulationsSearching for opportunities, FCC regulations– Spectrum brokersSpectrum brokers

Cooperative DSACooperative DSA– InterferenceInterference– TrustTrust– Retract access rights by regulatorsRetract access rights by regulators– No guarantee for 2No guarantee for 2ndnd users after demonstration of success business users after demonstration of success business

modelmodel Non-cooperative DSRNon-cooperative DSR

– Monitoring, analysis, signaling, cost of mistakeMonitoring, analysis, signaling, cost of mistake– Conservative Conservative – Information registry/database: geo location, signature (waveform, Information registry/database: geo location, signature (waveform,

pilot), time of operationpilot), time of operation

Industry structureIndustry structure

Spectrum tradingSpectrum trading– Spectrum aggregating and partitioningSpectrum aggregating and partitioning– Spatial, temporal, and frequency domainSpatial, temporal, and frequency domain

Distributor type 2 as a trusted third partyDistributor type 2 as a trusted third party– Install and operate monitoring and analysis systemsInstall and operate monitoring and analysis systems– Such a monitoring nw may be needed in generalSuch a monitoring nw may be needed in general– Feasibility and fidelity Feasibility and fidelity – How many monitors, where, and how to share How many monitors, where, and how to share

informationinformation

NotesNotes

An interesting paper with related workAn interesting paper with related work Papers from a researcher in the areaPapers from a researcher in the area Papers from a conference/special issuePapers from a conference/special issue An open question/topicAn open question/topic focusfocus

Update Wiki (reverse chronicle order)Update Wiki (reverse chronicle order) First paper is the must readFirst paper is the must read Links for slides? Links for slides? Similar group meeting update at wikiSimilar group meeting update at wiki