the pacific theater of world war ii july 7 th, 1937-august 14 th, 1945
TRANSCRIPT
The Pacific TheaterThe Pacific Theaterof World War IIof World War II
July 7July 7thth, 1937-August 14, 1937-August 14thth, , 19451945
Prelude to WarPrelude to War
Japan seeks to establish “The Japan seeks to establish “The Greater East Asia Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity SphereCo-Prosperity Sphere””– ““a block of Asian nations led by the Japanese and free of a block of Asian nations led by the Japanese and free of
Western powersWestern powers””– Invasions of Manchuria and Korea followInvasions of Manchuria and Korea follow
Three political forces in Japan:Three political forces in Japan:– Emperor HirohitoEmperor Hirohito– Civilian GovernmentCivilian Government– Military branchesMilitary branches
The army informs the civilian govThe army informs the civilian gov’’t of the Manchuria t of the Manchuria campaign two months after it begins.campaign two months after it begins.
The Pacific WarThe Pacific War Dates: July 7, 1937 - August 14, 1945Dates: July 7, 1937 - August 14, 1945 Began with the Second Sino-Japanese war, Began with the Second Sino-Japanese war,
between China and Japanbetween China and Japan Concluded with Japan’s surrender to the Concluded with Japan’s surrender to the
Allied powersAllied powers
Fleet Admiral YamamotoFleet Admiral Yamamoto
Fleet Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto
“The US fleet is a dagger pointed at our throat and must be destroyed.”
“I can run wild for six months, after that, I have no expectation of success.”
- Yamamoto, during discussions on the planned Pearl Harbor Attack
Mitsubishi A6M “Zero” FighterNakajima B5N torpedo bomber
Aichi D3A dive bomber
Japanese AircraftJapanese Aircraft
AftermathAftermath
"Being saturated and satiated with emotion and sensation, I went to bed and slept the sleep of the saved and thankful.”
- Winston Churchill
The Battle Of MidwayThe Battle Of MidwayJune 4-7 1942
6 months after Pearl Harbor
Yamamoto seeks to capture Midway island and thus confront and destroy the US Navy’s carrier forces.
Midway Order of BattleMidway Order of Battle
US forces:
3 carriers
~50 support ships
233 carrier aircraft
127 land-based aircraft
Japanese forces:
4 carriers
7 battleships
~150 support ships
248 carrier aircraft
16 floatplanes
The Battle of MidwayThe Battle of Midway The first major carrier vs. carrier The first major carrier vs. carrier
engagementengagement Decided by cryptanalysis, tactics, Decided by cryptanalysis, tactics,
radar, pilot skill, weather, and luck.radar, pilot skill, weather, and luck.
The Battle of MidwayThe Battle of Midway Scouts from the US fleet find the Japanese Scouts from the US fleet find the Japanese
Fleet firstFleet first A delayed scout means the Japanese fleet A delayed scout means the Japanese fleet
receives a warning of US carriers only receives a warning of US carriers only minutes before the first US planes attackminutes before the first US planes attack
After losing many planes in ineffective After losing many planes in ineffective strikes, US dive bombers manage to set strikes, US dive bombers manage to set three Japanese carriers on fire.three Japanese carriers on fire.
A Japanese counterstrike does heavy A Japanese counterstrike does heavy damage to one US carrierdamage to one US carrier
Japanese battleships never see combatJapanese battleships never see combat
Bellringer- Day 2Bellringer- Day 2
What day did the attack on Pearl What day did the attack on Pearl Harbor occur? Harbor occur? A. January 4, 1956 B. December 7, 1941A. January 4, 1956 B. December 7, 1941
What president went to Congress and What president went to Congress and asked for the declaration of war on asked for the declaration of war on Japan?Japan?
What were the countries that cut Japan What were the countries that cut Japan off from their resources with the off from their resources with the ABCD ABCD encirclement? encirclement?
The Battle of MidwayThe Battle of Midway
US forces:
3 carriers, 1 lost
~50 support ships, 1 destroyer lost
360 aircraft, 98 lost
307 dead
Japanese forces:
4 carriers, 4 lost
7 battleships, 0 lost
~150 support ships, 1 cruiser lost
264 aircraft, 228 lost
3058 dead
Video- Battle of GuadalcanalVideo- Battle of GuadalcanalAugust 7, 1942 US Marines August 7, 1942 US Marines
Land on GuadalcanalLand on Guadalcanal The Pacific-HBOThe Pacific-HBO The landing (6:35)The landing (6:35) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m
71CY-ztCDA Shootout on Guadalcanal (10:01)Shootout on Guadalcanal (10:01)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_9GSgzQ9eCsv=_9GSgzQ9eCs
Video- Iwo JimaVideo- Iwo JimaFebruary-March 1945February-March 1945
History Channel Shootout- Iwo Jima History Channel Shootout- Iwo Jima (9:59)(9:59)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fYxlRc1PiM0
The Final YearThe Final Year The US retakes the Philippines in a long and costly The US retakes the Philippines in a long and costly
campaign.campaign. Borneo, Iwo Jima and the Okinawa fall, with heavy Borneo, Iwo Jima and the Okinawa fall, with heavy
losses on both sides.losses on both sides. The military leadership of Japan refuses to give up, The military leadership of Japan refuses to give up,
in spite of the loss of the bulk of their forces.in spite of the loss of the bulk of their forces. An edict is issued, ordering civilians on the main An edict is issued, ordering civilians on the main
Japanese islands to construct bamboo spears and Japanese islands to construct bamboo spears and meet the invaders on the beaches.meet the invaders on the beaches.
US Bombers produce a firestorm in Tokyo, killing US Bombers produce a firestorm in Tokyo, killing 100,000 people in two days.100,000 people in two days.
The US, Britain and China issue the Potsdam The US, Britain and China issue the Potsdam Declaration, demanding Japan’s surrender.Declaration, demanding Japan’s surrender.
Nuclear StrikesNuclear Strikes
Aug 6, 1945. Uranium bomb “Little Boy” dropped on Hiroshima, killing 140,000
Aug 9, 1945. Plutonium bomb “Fat Man” dropped on Nagasaki, killing 74,000
Japan SurrendersJapan Surrenders
Representatives of Japan’s Foreign Ministry, Army and Navy appear to sign the surrender aboard USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay
The CostThe Cost
2,000,000 Japanese Soldiers dead2,000,000 Japanese Soldiers dead 300,000 Allied Soldiers dead300,000 Allied Soldiers dead 600,000 - 1,000,000 Japanese civilians dead600,000 - 1,000,000 Japanese civilians dead 11,000 American civilians dead11,000 American civilians dead 60,000 Korean civilians dead60,000 Korean civilians dead Mass devastation of Japanese infrastructureMass devastation of Japanese infrastructure Indigenous people of north and western Pacific Indigenous people of north and western Pacific
islands devastated by disease, cultural islands devastated by disease, cultural contamination, collateral damage, and atrocities.contamination, collateral damage, and atrocities.
The list continues…The list continues…