The Origins of Judaism

Chapter 3-Section 4

The Search for a Promised Land

• Torah-The first five books of the Hebrew Bible, contains the sacred writing of the Jewish people

• Abraham- Considered the “father” of the Hebrew people.

The Search for a Promised Land

• Monotheism-The belief of one god. In the Hebrew faith called Yahweh.

• Covenant-A mutual promise between God and the founder of the Hebrew people

Moses and the Exodus

• “The Exodus”- The period of time where the Hebrew people fled Egypt.

• Moses-The man who God commanded to lead the Jewish people out of slavery

Moses and the Exodus

The 10 plagues as they appear in the Bible:• Water, which turned to blood and killed all fish and other

aquatic life (Exodus 7:14–25)• Frogs (Exodus 8:1–8:15)• Lice (Exodus 8:16–19)• Flies or wild animals (Exodus 8:20–30)• Disease on livestock (Exodus 9:1–7)• Incurable boils (Exodus 9:8–12)• Hail and thunder (Exodus 9:13–35)• Locusts (Exodus 10:1–20)• Darkness (Exodus 10:21–29)• Death of the first-born of all Egyptian humans and animals. – To be saved, the Israelites had to place the blood of a lamb

on the front door of their houses. (Exodus 11, Exodus 12)

The Hebrew Exodus

Evidence of the Hebrew Exodus

Chariot Wheels

Human and Horse Bones

Crossing Path

Moses and the Exodus

• The 10 Commandments-Basis for civil and religious laws in Judaism

• The New Covenant-God promised to protect the Jewish people and the people promised to keep God’s commandments

Moses and the Exodus

• After fleeing from Egypt the Hebrew people wandered the desert for 40 years searching for the “promised land”

The Kingdom of Israel

• Saul and David Establish a Kingdom – From 1020 to 922 B.C.

the Hebrew people united under three Kings • Saul, David, and

Solomon • This new kingdom

became known as Israel

The Kingdom of Israel

• 962 B.C. – Solomon succeeds his father

David as King and builds a temple to honor God and house the Ark of the Covenant (contained the tablets of Moses law)

• 922 B.C.– After Solomon’s death the

kingdom was split in two parts• Israel in the North and Judah in the

South

The Babylonian Captivity

• 738 B.C.– Israel and Judah began

paying tributes to Assyria

• 539 B.C.– After the defeat of Judah

and Israel Solomon’s temple was destroyed by the Babylonians • A new Temple was rebuilt

445 B.C