The Organization of Living Things

Atom

Molecules and CompoundsCarbon dioxide is a compound. So is water.

Levels of Organization

Levels of Organization

Levels of OrganizationLiving things are organized in levels of increasing complexity. Complete the missing terms to show the patterns of organization of organisms from simple to complex.

Key Concept As multicellular organisms develop, their cells differentiate (change & separate) and form levels of organization

Why it Matters: so Humans (we are multicellular) can have different kinds of cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems

Unicellular Organisms

“uni-” = one Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms or single

celled organisms that lack a membrane bound nucleus, mitochondria, or any other membrane bound organelle.

Can still do everything they need to stay alive Benefits over multicellular organisms:

Need fewer resources Can live in harsher conditions

Multicellular Organisms

“multi-” = more than one Plants, animals, and most fungi are multicellular

Start as a single cell many cells cells differentiate (change) into different types of cells cells group together

Multicellular Characteristics Larger size = have less predators and have more

options of things to eat Longer life – organism will continue to live even if

a single cell dies

Specialization – each type of cell has a specific job, making the organism more efficient

Levels of Organization

Atoms Elements/molecules compounds 1st Level: Cells 2nd Level: Tissues 3rd Level: Organs 4th Level: Organ Systems

Cells Tissues Organs Organ Systems Organism

Level 1 : Cells

Cells can be specialized (have a certain function)

Function = job Function is related to the cell

structure Structure = how parts of the

cell are put together Shape Material it’s made from

Structure of a brain cell is different from muscle cell

Level 2: Tissues

Tissue = group of cells that work together to do a specific job

Ex: Heart muscle tissue is made of heart muscle cells

Animals have 4 types of tissue: nerve, muscle, connective, protective

Plants have 3 types of tissue : transport, protective, ground

Level 3: Organs Organ = structure that is made up of 2 or more

tissues working together to get a specific job done

Ex: Stomach – muscle tissue moves food, special tissues make chemicals to digest food, connective tissue holds stomach together, nervous tissue sends messages back and forth between the stomach and brain

Level 4: Organ Systems Organ system = group of organs working

together to perform a specific function Each organ system has a specific job Ex: Digestive system is made of several

organs including the stomach and intestines

Structure of Animals

Cells-basic unit of an animal’s structure

-become specialized_______________________________

Tissues-made of cells that work together to perform a specific function

__________________________________________Organs

-made of different types of tissues that work together to perform a specific function____________________________________________________

Organ Systems-made of organs that work together to perform a specific function

_____________________________________________________________Organisms