the nursing role during complication of pregnancy
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THE NURSING ROLE DURING COMPLICATION OF PREGNANCY, BIRTH OR THE POSTPARTAL PERIOD
WOMAN W/
THALASSEMIA
Are group of autosomal recessively inherited blood disorders that lead to poor
hemoglobin formation and severe anemia.
Thalassemia *Occur most frequently in Mediterranean, African, and Asian populations.
*symptoms first appear on childhood
Folic acid
supplementation and
blood transfusion
Treatment for causes on combating anemia such as_.
Malaria -It is a protozoan infection transmitted to people by Anopheles mosquitos.
-The infection causes red blood cells to stick to the surfaces of the capillaries causing
obstruction to the vessels.
-This can result in organ anoxia when blood cannot reach to the organs.
12-14 days Incubation period for most occurring type.
Fever, malaise, and
headache
Most noticeable symptoms in malaria.
Thrombocytopenia,
anemia, and renal
failure
If not treated,_ may occur.
Wearing clothes, insect
repellant, mosquito
nets, keeping windows
closed
Prevention of malaria.
Chloroquine Drug of choice during pregnancy for treatment of malaria.
Sulfadoxine
pyremethamine
It may be administered during the last trimester.
Quinine, malarone,
tetracycline
Should not be used at any point of pregnancy or with woman who are breastfeeding.
Anti-malarial therapy May reduce the incidence of low birth weight and preterm birth.
A WOMAN WITH UTI Manifested by frequent and pain on urination.
Pyelonephritis(infection
of the pelvis of thekidney)
Asymptomatic infection are potentially dangerous because they can progress to_
Vesicoureteral
reflux(backflow of urine
into the uterus)
Woman with_ tend to develop UTI OR PYELONEPHRITIS.
E. CHOLI The organism most commonly responsible for UTI.
Genital tract If the infectious organism is determined to be Streptococcus B. vaginal culture should be
obtained because_ associated with pneumonia.
Nausea, vomiting,
malaise, pain,
frequency of urination
A woman may have accompanying_.
100,000 organisms /mlof urine
A level of diagnostic of infection
Amoxicillin, ampicillin,
cephalosporin
These are effective against most organism causing.
Sulfonamides It can be used early in pregnancy but not near term because they can interfere with
protein-binding
Tetracycline It is contraindicated in pregnancy because they can cause retardation of bone growth and
staining of fetal teeth.
A WOMAN WITH
CHRONIC RENAL
DISEASE
Females with chronic renal disease did not reach childbearing age or were advised not to
have children because of high risk- pregnancy.
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Severe anemia Women with this disease may develop_, because their diseased kidneys do not produce
erythropoietin. Necessary for RBC formation.
Elevated BP Many women with this disease have_.
corticosteroid Woman with this disease may take_ for maintenance.
Heparin It is safe during pregnancy.
A WOMAN WITH ACUTE
NASOPHARYNGITIS
Tends to be more severe during pregnancy than that other times because during
pregnancy, estrogenstimulation normally causes some degree of nasal congestion.
Aspirin It should be avoided as cold remedy because of possible interference with blood clotting in
both mother and fetus.A WOMAN WITH
INFLUENZA
It is causes by a virus, identified as type A, B, or C
High fever, extreme
prostration, aching pain
in the back and
extremities, and a sore,
raw throat
The disease spread in epidemic form is accompanied by_
A WOMAN WITH
PNEUMONIA
It is a bacterial or viral invasion of the lung tissue by pathogens such asS. pneumonia,
Haemophilus influenza, and Mycoplasma pneumonia.
WOMAN W/ SEVERE
ACUTE RESPIRATORYSYNDROME (SARS)
It is a newly emerged infectious disease with the clinical symptoms of persistent chills,
muscle aches, malaise, dry cough, headache, and dyspnea.
Decreased lymphocytes
and platelet count
Common laboratory findings for SARS.
Coronavirus It has been identified as the pathogen responsible for the illness, which appears to be
originated from CHINA.
Droplet transmission SARS spreads by close person-to-person contact via_.
2-10 days Incubation period of SARS.
Intravenous antibiotics Therapy is vigorous with_.
Spontaneous
miscarriage, preterm
birth, intrauterinegrowth restriction.
SARS during pregnancy creates such an illness that is associated with high incidence of_.
A WOMAN WITH
ASTHMA
it is a disorder marked by reversible airflow obstruction, airway hyperreactivity, and
airway inflammation.
inhaled allergen, such
as pollen and cigarette
Symptoms of asthma.
Asthma Potential of reducing the oxygen supply to a fetus leading to preterm birth or fetal growth
restriction.
Inhaled corticosteroid
beclomethasone and
budesonide
Are commonly used by woman with persistent asthma
Terbutaline, albuterol Beta-adrenergic agonists may be taken safely during pregnancy.
A WOMAN WITH
TUBERCULOSIS
It is a disease that should have been eradicated in view of the effective treatment
available.
It is one of the leading causes of death.
Mycobacterium
tuberculosis
Lung tissue is invaded by_, an acid fast bacillus.
Mantoux test Positive response to_
Chronic cough
Weight loss
Hemoptysis
Night sweats
Symptoms of TB.
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Low grade
A WOMAN WITH COPD Is the constriction of airways associated most often with long-term cigarette smoking.
35-40 years of age of pregnancy
A WOMAN WITH CYSTIC
FIBROSIS
It is a recessively inherited disease in which there is generalized dysfunction of the
exocrine glands.
Dysfunction leads to mucous secretions, particularly in pancreas and lungs.
Sterile Men with cystic fibrosis are_ because of their semen is so thick that sperm cannot be
motile.
Lessened Fertility may be_ in women with the disorder because sperm cannot migrate throughviscid cervical mucous.
Chronic respiratory
infection and
overinflation
Person with disease may develop symptoms with_.
Pancrelipase(pancrease) Therapy to illness consists of_, to supplement pancreatic enzymes.
RHEUMATIC DISORDERS AND PREGNANCY
A WOMAN WITH
RHEUMATOID
ARTHRITIS
(Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis), a disease of connective with joint inflammation of
contracture, is most likely the result of an auto immune response.
Synovial membrane destruction.
Corticosteroids and
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs(NSAIDS)
DRUGS to prevent joint pain and loss of mobility.
Salicylates Large amounts of_ may lead to increased bleeding at birth or prolonged pregnancy.
A WOMAN
WITHSYSTEMIC LUPUS
ERYTHEMATOSUS
(SLE) it is a multisystem chronic disease of connective tissue that can occur with woman of
childbearing age.
Widespread degeneration of connective tissue especially the heart, kidneys, blood vessels,
spleen, skin, and retroperitoneal tissue)
Corticosteroids
NSAIDs
Heparin
Salicylates
The naturally increased circulation of_ during pregnancy may lessen symptoms in some
woman.
2 weeks Women are asked to decrease salicylate use about_ weeks prior to their anticipated birth
to reduce the possibility of bleeding in newborn.
GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS AND PREGNANCY
A WOMAN WITH
APPENDICITIS
It is the inflammation of the appendix.
Sharp, peristaltic lower right quadrant pain of acute appendicitis.
A WOMAN WITH
GASTROESOPHAGEAL
REFLUX DISEASE OR
HIATAL HERNIA
(GERD) refers to the reflux of the acid stomach secretions into the esophagus.
Hiatal hernia It is a condition in which portion of the stomach extends and protrudes up to the
diaphragm into the chest cavity, trapping the stomach acid and causing it to reflux into the
esophagus.
Heartburn
Gastric regurgitation
Dysphagia
Possible weight loss
Hematemesis(vomiting
of blood
Symptoms include:
Antacids In most women, will relieve the pain
A WOMAN WITH
CHOLECYSTISIS AND
Gall bladder inflammation(Cholecystisis)
gallstone formation(Cholelithiasis)
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CHOLELITHIASIS These are frequently associated with women older than 40, obesity multiparity, and
ingestion of high-fat diet.
constant aching and
pressure in the right
epigastrium, with
jaundice
Symptoms are:
Cholesterol Gallstones are formed from_.
A WOMAN WITH
PANCREATITIS
Inflammation of the pancreas.
WOMAN WITH
HEPATITIS
It is a liver disease that may occur from invasion of the A,B,C,D, and E virus.
Hepatitis A Spread mainly by fecal-oral contact.
2-6 weeks Incubation period.
Prophylactic gamma
globulin
Prevent disease after exposure.
Hepatitis B and C These are spread by exposure to contaminated blood or blood products.
Hepatitis D and E Spread as the same as hepatitis B but rare in pregnant women.
A WOMAN WITH
INFLAMMATORY
VOWEL DISEASE
Crohns disease( inflammation of the terminal ileus)
Ulcerative colitis(inflammation of the distal colon)
These occur most often in young adults between ages 12and 30 years old and so are seenin pregnancy.
Shallow ulcers Both diseases, the bowel develops _.
Chronic diarrhea
Weight loss
Occult blood in stool
And nausea and
vomiting`
Woman may experiences_
Obstruction and fistula
formation
If extreme occurs,_may happen.
Malabsorption
, particularly vitamin B
With Crohns disease_occur.