the numismatic history of rayy / by george c. miles

8/9/2019 The numismatic history of Rayy / by George C. Miles

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CH I STO R Y O F R A Y

E S

D I E S

NNU M SMAT CSO C E T

C r e a

t i v e C o m m o n s A t t r i b u t i o n - N

o n C o m m e r c i a l - S h a r e A l i k e

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bventionof

earnedSocieties

E S R V E D B Y

NNU M SMAT CSO C E T

G R M AN

ST N

AM B U R G -N W Y O R K

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" t o0 .1 1 .

mptto recordinfullthe issuesofthemintof R ayy( ancientR hages

v inceofMediaora l- iba linPersia f romthetimeof thecon uesto f the

stC enturyof theHi rah( 7thC hrist ianC entury t i l l itsf ina ldestructionby

13th Century.O riginallypresentedasadissertationin partialfulfillmentof

edegreeofD octoro fPhilosophyandacceptedby thefacultyofP rinceton

eworkhassincebeenconsiderablyenlargedandi nsomerespectsrevised.Agrant

ofL earnedSocietieshasmateriallyaidedtheAmericanNumismatic

stsof publication.

ompilation togetherwiththeaccompanyinghistoricalcommentary is

ea corpusofthecoins issuedatoneofthe greatmint-citiesofI slambutalso

kforahistoryofR ayyanditsprovinceduringthe mediaevalI slamicperiod.No

ervedby itsnumismaticsasisthe I slamic andinthecaseofR ayyw ef ind

historical oratleastpolitical importancereflectedintheissuesof theR ayy

reareseriouslacunae particularly inthe6th( 12th C entury andit isunlike ly

ef il ledby futurenumismaticf inds fortheothercenturies how ever theco ins

ersofthe R ayychronology.Tothenumismatistthemonographshouldhave

reviewheretheentireseries ofcoins manyofwhichareinedited struckat

rianshouldbepleasedto findhowthecoinstestifyto theaccuracy inmatters

ofsuchchroniclersasTabari ibn-al-Athirandtheirsources.O nlyveryseldom

orP ersianwriterswerewrongintheir recordofthesuccessionof events.

therewasusuallysufficientgoodreasonin thecomple ityofcontemporaneous

imensI haveconsultedallthepublishedmaterialavailableto me and

allygonethroughseveralofthegreatercoincabinets.I nprivatecollections

herearedoubtlessspecimensofissues oftheR ayymintwhicharenot

e theseomissionsw ill hope beca lledtomyattentionasaresulto f the

shouldlik etoe pressheremyw armestthank stothosew hohavee tendedmany

w iththegatheringof themateria l: f irst to theF ie ldD irectoro f theR ayy

ditionof theUniversityofP ennsy lvaniaMuseumandtheB ostonMuseumof

ch . Schmidt underwhomitw asmypriv ilegetow ork atR ayy forthreeyears f rom

omadeitpossible formetocontinuethisstudyaf terI hadle fttheE x pedition

curatorsofmuseumswhohavewithoute ceptionbeenmostgenerousand

study theco llectionsunderthe ircharge: A i B ey director A rifB ey assistant

ey numismaticcurator o f the I stanbulMuseums andA liSamiB ey a lsoof

mol directoro f theMiin -undA ntiken- abineto f theK unsthistorischesMuseumin

o l m a ie r D r . W a l te r H e l l ig e o f th e M un k a bi n et i n B e r l i n M r . J o h n A l la n K e e pe r

A ssistant o f theDepartmentofC o insandMedalsintheB rit ishMuseum.

tgenerousinhis assistanceandhasplacedunpublishedspecimensinthe

posal.ToM. R emyCottevieille-GiraudetoftheCabinetdesMedaillesofthe

e inParis amespecia llygratefulforthepriv ilegeof tak ingnotesonunpublished

tandincludingthesenotes inthemonograph heishimselfengagedinthe pre-

ofthe P ariscatalogue andhehasgraciouslyallowedmeto anticipatehim

ssentialfactsofseveraluni uecoins.TohimI amindebtedforthecasts

representingrarecoinsintheC abinetdesMedailles. A ttheA mericanNumismaticSociety

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AT C H I S TO R Y O F R A Y

nessandpriv ilegehasa lw aysbeene tended andI w ishespecia lly toe press

w ardT. New ell P resident andtoMr. SydneyP . Noe Secretaryand since

C urator. Sadly I canonly recordmygreatdebttothe lateC uratoro f theA merican

ow landWood w hosedeathhasrobbedI slamicNumismaticsofoneof itsmost

noisseurs.Mr.P hilipThorburnhasbeengoodenoughto supplymewitha

nhiscollection.

ycouldnothavebeenundertakenwithouttheaid ofmyprofessor

a n d to h i m an d D r s . N ab i h A. a r is a n d E d w ar d J . J u r i I a m g re a tl y i nd e bt e d fo r

theyhave giventheirtimetomyfre uentq uestionsinArabicmatters.

fe ldhasbeenespecia llyk indina llow ingmetoconsulthimonmanyproblems

ectlywiththe I ranianaspectsofthework.AndI wishalsototakethis

mythank stoDr. H aro ldH. B ender C ha irmanof theD epartmentof

ndL iteraturesatP rincetonUniversity formanyk indnesses pastandpresent.

mentiontheuntiringaid givenmebymywifein thepreparationofthemanu-

heproofsandthemak ingof the inde .

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re uentlyC itedWork sv ii

i

no f theC o insx i

ow edinR eferringtoSpecimensx i

o f theSasanianR ayyMintMonogram1

anCoinage-o fR ayy5

edA rabC oinageof theUmayyadP eriod8

e r io d 2 2

d135

i o d 15 5

aw id P e r i od 1 7

e r io d 1 96

io d 2 1

alents221

o un d i n th e R a y y E x c a va t io n s 1 9 34 1 9 35 1 9 36 2 2 4

llustratedintheP lates225

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7/263

uentlycitedworks

y inwhichonlythemost fre uentlyq uotedworksarelisted isarranged

otheabbrev iatedtit le ( nameorletters usedinthete t. Thetitlesofw ork s

tlyaregiveninfull wherevertheyoccur.Thelistincludesalso theabbreviations

ercollections.

a l -M u kh t as a r e d .C a ir o 1 3 25 e d . I s t a nb u l 1 2 6 .

ba r ' u d -D a w l at ' i s -S a l u i y ya e d . Mu h am ma d I q b a l L a h or e 1 9 33 .

lterA ndersonandR ichardV asmer D erC ha lif enmun fundvonK ochtel Dor-

herareco insareentered.

nonymeA rabischeChronik ed. W. A hlw ardt Gre ifsw ald 1 8 3.

t icSociety New York C ity . ( A llo f thespecimensof theR ayymintinthis

nehasbeenpreviouslypublished.

rl in: A hoardof ' A bbasiddirhamsfoundatA ssurby thee peditionof theDeutsche

903-1913 andnow preservedintheMun k abinetinB erlin. Thisco llec-

snotbeenpublished andDr. H e ll igew ask indenoughtoa llow meto

of specimensoftheR ayymintinthecollectionis e traordinarily

eprecludedacarefulstudyofa llthespecimens butI be lieve I have

ythenumberof specimensofeachissue.

a h ya a l -B a l a d hu r i F u t uh a l -B u l d a n e d . de G o e e L e y de n 1 6 6 .

I : L ettreadresseeparM. leGenera lJ . B artholomaeaM. SoretsurdesMonnaies

pporteesdePerse. R evuedelaNumismati ueB eige 1 59 Serie3

s ee n z u B e r li n K a t al o g de r O r i e nt a li s ch e n Mu n e n I D i e M u n e n d er o s tl i ch e n

B e rl in 1 9 .

w ithdate: Unpublishedco insintheMun k abinetinB erlin. D atesandnumbers

s.

umber : S. L ane- oo le C atalogueofOrientalC o insintheB rit ishMuseum L on-

hdate:U npublishedcoinsintheD epartmentofCoinsandMedalsofthe

sandnumbersareac uisit ionnumbers.

V I I I : O t t o B l au N ac hl es e or ie nt al is ch er M un e n N . Z . W i e n V T I , 1 7 6.

oo le C atalogueof theMohammadanC oinspreservedintheB odle ianL ibraryat

d 1 8 8 .

t: E . G . B r o w n e A L i t er a ry H i s t o ry o f P e r s i a L o n do n a nd N e wY o r k 1 9 02 - 19 2 4.

a u . H isto iredesSeld oucidesde lTra para l-B ondarld apresI madad-din

e d .T h . H o u ts m a L e yd e n 1 8 9 .

C atalogueof theC ollectionofA rabicC oinspreservedintheK hedivia lL ibrary

1 9 7.

I nventairesommairedelaCollectiondesMonnaiesMusulmanesdeS.A. la

a r i s 1 9 6.

02: O . C odrington SomeR areOrienta lC o ins NumismaticC hronicle L ondon

f theC oinsintheNumismaticCabinetbe longingto J . GersondaC unha 4parts

1 8 9 .

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hA hmadb. D aw udal-Dlnaw ari K itaba l-A k hbara l-T iw a l ed. V . Guirgass

enD orn I nventa iredesMonnaiesdesKha lif eeOrientau etc. St. Petersbourg

mnta: B . D orn C h. M. F raehnii NovaSupplementaadR ecensionemnumorum

cad. Imp. Scient. Petropo lit . A dditamentiseditorisaucta P etropo li

e di a o f I s l a m .

y l V er e ichnisvonMiin enundDenk miin enderErdte ileA ustra lien Asien

mohammedanischerDynastienderJ ulesF onrobert schenSamm-

.

C . M. F raehn R ecensioNumorumMuhammedanorumA cademiaeI mp. Scient.

t ro p oU , 1 2 6 .

nof GeorgeC.Miles.

ne- oo le C o llectionofO rienta lC o ins. . . C ol. C . SetonGuthrie F asc. I , C o ins

H e r t f or d 1 7 4 .

nb e rg N u mi s ma t a O r i en t al i a I a n d I I ( i n o ne v ol u me , U p s a l a 1 2 2 .

- a l h a l- H a m a dh a ni K i t ab a l -B u l d a n e d . d e Go e e L e yd e n 1 8 5 .

eTa rlk h-i-Gu I daofHamdu llahMustaw fl- i-Qa w lnl ed. E. G. B row ne

. J . W . G i b b Me m or i al S e ri e s V o l . X r v 1 .

oinsformerly inthepossessionofP ro fessorE rnstHer fe ld now representedby

essorHer fe ldk indlya llow edmetoconsult.

r i kh H i l a l b . Mu h as s in a l -S a bi e d . H . F . A m e d ro O x f o rd 1 9 21 ( f o rm i ng a

y aspublishedbyD. S. Margo liouthunderthetitle TheEx periences

lf ia l-Ta rik h I bn-e l-A thiri C hroniconquodperfectissimuminscribitur ed.

yd en 1 6 7- 1 7 4.

G. B row ne A nabridgedTranslationof theHistoryofTabaristanbyMuhammad

iy a r E . J . W . G i b b Me m or i al S e ri e s V o l . I I , L e y de n 1 9 05 .

b W a fa y at a l -A y a n e d . B u l a , 1 2 99 .

t a b a l- M as a li k wa - al - Ma m al i k e d .d e G oe e L e y de n 1 8 9 .

inthee cavationsconductedbyDr. E richF . SchmidtatI stakhrfortheOrienta l

h a li b M i i e - yi - H u m ay u n M e sk u ka t -i - Q a d im e h- i - s l am i yy e h Q a t al o gh i I Q u s t a n-

ed: U npublishedcoinsintheC abineto f theA ntikite lerMu esi I stanbul.

u e .

eR oya lA siaticSociety.

ueof theC o llectionof . . .. the late J . M. C . J ohnston sa le Sotheby Wilk inson

n 1 9 06 .

tiA rabici: A seriesofcontributionspublishedintheNumismaticC hronicle L ondon

1 8 7 1 92 by S. L ane- oole.

ggett NotesontheMint-Tow nsandC oinsof theMohamedans L ondon 1 8 5

nd' A bbasidco ins .

dberg E ssa isurlesmonnaiescoufi uesf rappeesparlesE mirsde laF amilledes

de leurDependence 1 42.

H H B e m ap H b i t t K a i a i o rb M yc y ab M aH C H X - b M oH e n , e t c. S t . P e t e rs b ur g 1 9 6 .

A. M ap O B i . T o no r pa i j i H K j r a ao B T > B o c To m iu i M o H e r b S t . P e t er s bu r g 1 9 10 .

en NumismataOrientalia I l lustrata TheOrienta lC oinsA ncientandModern

dandhistorica lly il lustrated. Twovo lumes. L ondon 1 23 1 25.

cA lib. a l-H usa inb. 'A lia l-Mas Q di KitabMuru a l-Dhahabw a-Ma adin

r b i er d e M ey n ar d a nd P a v et d e Co u rt e il l e L e s P r a i r ie s d O r P a r is

C r e a



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6 4 : E . M e ie r D i e W e r th b e e i cl i nu n ge n a uf m u ha m me d an i sc h en M i in e n Z D M G

r. Wilk en MirchondsGeschichtederSultaneausdemGeschlechteB u eh B er-

t f ro m Ml r kh w an d s R a w d at a l -S a fa ) .

s : J . A . V u l l e rs M i rc h on d i H i s to r ia S e ld s ch u ki d ar u m G i eB e n 1 3 7 ( e t r ac t f ro m

a l- S af a ) .

hmadb. Muhammadal-Miskaw ayh Ta ariba l-U mam ed. H . F . A medro ,

1

1 5 4 : A. D . M o r d tm an n E r k la r un g d er M i in e n m it P e h lv i - e g en d en Z D M G

1 5 : A . D . M o r dt m an n E r k la r un g d er M i in e n m it P e h le w i- e g en d en Z D M G

1 6 5 : A. D . M o r d tm an n E r k la r un g d er M i in e n m it P e h le v i- e g en d en Z w e i t er

1 6 5.

G 1 7 9: A . D . Mo rd tm an n Z u r P e h l ev i- Mu n k un de Z D M G 1 7 9.

G 1 8 0 : A . D . M or dt ma nn Z u r P e h l ev i- Mu n k un de Z D M G 1 8 0 .

cle L ondon.

Nesselmann D ieOrienta lischenMiin endesA k . Miin cabinetsinKonigsberg

matischeZ eitschrift Wien herausgegebenvonderNumismatischenGese llschaftin

, C ata loguedesMonnaiesMusulmanesdelaB iblio the ueNationa le I , K ha lifes

1 8 7 .

npublishedco insintheC abinetdesM6dailles P aris.

1H . P orter U npublishedCoinsof theCaliphate NumismaticC hronicle 1921

' A lib. Sulaymanal-R aw andi R abata l-Sudurw a-A yata l-Surur ed. Muham-

yd en 1 92 1 E . J . W . G ib b Me mo ri al S er ie s N ew S er ie s V o l . I I .

ee cavationsof theR ayyA rchaeo logica lEx peditionunderthedirectionof

tfortheUniversityofP ennsy lvaniaMuseumandtheMuseumofF ineA rts

n eachcasetheyearof thef indisgiven fo llow edby thefie ldcata logue

edtothef ieldnumberhavethefo llowingsignif icance: R TA R B ,

, R F , R G R H , t e st e c a va t io n s at v a ri o us p o in t s wi t hi n t he a r ea o f t he m e di a ev a l

hidorSe l u periodtomb-tow eratA muiabadontheoutsk irtso f thecity

yh i d or S e l u p e ri o d to mb - to w er n o wc a ll e d th e N a a r eh K h a n eh R G Q ,

governmenta lq uarter( a l-Muhammadlyah atthefooto fTabarak

Tabarak R C h theprehistoricmound w ithParthianandIslamicupper

h-i- A li C T theSasanianpa lacenearC hf ilTark han ca . 20k m. S

A l m.

vuedelaNumismati ueB eige(thetit levaries it issometimesR evueB eigede

ogueofaCollectionofMohammadanCoinsbelongingtoE .T.R ogersB ey

2 -2 6 0.

a I j j a h lr a l -D i n a l - R u d hr a wa r i D h a y l K i t a b Ta a r ib a l -U m a m e d . H . F .

d 1921( formingacontinuationofMiskaw ayh aspublishedbyD. S. Margo l-

heEx periencesof theNations .

edeM. H enriSauva ireaM. F . Soret surque l uesDinarsin6ditsdesSe lgiou-

e v . N u m. B e i g e 1 6 2 .

, I r a n im M i tt e la l te r n ac h d en a r ab i sc h en G e og r ap h en V , L e i p i g 1 9 25 .

easonE x ce llenceM. leC onso ille rd E tatactue ldeF raehn surlese empla ires

sMonnaiesorientalesdeMr. F redericSoret( E x tra itdesMem. dela

gi e d e St . P e t e r sb o ur g 1 5 1 .

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. G. Sticke l H andbuchz urmorgenlandischenMun k unde tw oparte L e ip ig.

5 6 : J . G . S t i ck el M i tt h ei l un g en i i be r d ie v o mH r n . V i c ek a n l e r D r . B l a u i n K o n -

listen-Verein z uH amburgprasentiertenmuhammedanischenMiin en.

ammadb.J ariral-Tabari Ta rikhal-R usulwa-al-Muluk ed.deGoe eetal.

0 .

1 50:E .Thomas TheP ehlviCoinsoftheE arlyMohammedanArabs J R AS 1 50.

MohctwB ocro iH aroX a wc > aTa St.P etersburg 1 73.

es:W. Tiesenhausen MelangesdeNumismati ueO rientale R ev.Num.B eige.

g NumiCuficiR egiiNumophylaciiH olmiensis U psaliae 1 4 .

stenetc.:C.J .Tornberg D iej iingstenAusgrabungenArabischenGeldesin

1 6 .

C.J .Tornberg Symbolaeadremnumariammuhammedanorum I inNov.Act.

ss 1 4 6 I I , i bi d. 1 5 3 I I I , i bi d. 1 5 6 I V , i bi d. 1 6 2 ( i n ac ce ss ib le t om e

andonly .

:O .G.Tychsen I ntroductioinR emNumariamMuhammedanorum R ostochii

um 1796.

: J . W a l k er N o te s o n Ar a b- S as a ni a n Co i ns N . C 1 9 34 .

ic h te d e r Ch a li f en M a nn h ei m 1 4 6 -1 5 1 .

cimensintheMiin -undA ntiken- abineto f theK unsthistorischesMuseum

ta loguesdesmonnaiesenOrA de laC o llectionorienta le I slami uedeY acoub

8 0 ( M S i n th e U n i v er s it y Mu s eu m P h i la d el p hi a .

a di h al - a q O b i T a r i kh e d . Th . H o ut sm a L e yd en 1 8 3 .

m al -B u l da n e d . F . W i is te nf el d L e ip i g 1 6 6- 1 7 0.

: E . v on Z a m b a ur C on t ri b ut i on s a l a Nu m is m at i u e O r i e nt a le N .Z . W i e n 1 9 05

: E . v o n Z a m b a ur C o nt r ib u ti o ns a l a N um i sm a ti u e O r i e nt a le N . Z . W i e n 1 9 06

H : E . vonZ ambaur NouvellesC ontributionsa laNumismati ueOrienta le N. Z .

X L V T .

. deZ ambaur ManueldeGenealogieetdeC hronologiepourl H isto irede1 I slam

rD eutschenMorgenlandischenGesellschaft.

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I T R A T O N

mof transliterationusedhasbeenthatof theE . o f I . w ithsomemodifica -

arenotmarkedandinitial ham ahsareomitted.D oubtlessmanyinconsisten-

st consciousinconsistenciesarelimitedtoverycommonwordswhichtake ona

whentransliterated" scientifically .NamescompoundedwithAllah for

teratedasonew ord e . g. ' A bdullah. " A l-R ayy isw rittenintransliteratingthe

ons butI havethroughoutomittedthepedanticArabicdefinitearticle

empthasbeenmadeto indicatethetrueq ua lityo f thePersianandTurk ish

E SC R I P T O N O F T H E CO I NS

to assembleinthismonographalltheknownissues oftheR ayymint

ndtorecordallthe inscriptionsontheseco ins. This think hasbeendonew ith

mpleteness.I havenot however attemptedtodescribeeachcoin withthe

edtoitina carefulnumismaticcataloguefortworeasons:first becausein

as notcompletelydescribedwhenitwasoriginallyedited andsecond

evariousdies arenotessentialtothe purposeofthemonographwhichis

icallynumismatic.H ence weightsandmeasurementsarenotgiven and

otdescribed.I havehowevertriedtoindicatethenumberof diesofeach

ist.

presentsayear andthesub-numbersaredevotedtodifferentissuesof

describedfirst followedbythesilverandcopperof thesameyear.W here

cal changeduringagivenyear thisordermayvaryto suitthecircumstances.

ollowsafteralltheissuesof theyearhavebeendescribed.

R D E R F O L L O W E D I N R E F E R R I N GTO S E C M N S

h issueandbeforeanynumismaticorhistoricalc ommentthatmay

dthereferencestothe locationsof thespecimens. A sarule haveattemptedto

ingorderinstating thereferences:

habeticalorder.

nsinvariousmuseumsandcabinets. ( I ncasethespecimenistobefound

herethere isa lsoapublishede ampleof thesameissue theunpub-

ndenteredimmediatelyafterthereferenceto thepublishedone.

nsintheCollectionofthe AmericanNumismaticSociety.

nsinthecollectionofthe author.

nsf romtheR ayyandI sfakhrE x cavations.

achissuedoesnotpretendto bee haustive.Wherean issueiscommon

sourcesofTiesenhausen scompendiumandhavesimplyindicatedthenumber

t previouslyrepresentedhavebeendiscoveredsincetheoriginalnumeration

rtoobviatethe necessityofacompleterevisionofthe numeration theseissues

berswiththe lettersX , Y , o rZ .

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MA T C H I ST O R Y O F R A Y

hausengavetotheissue ontheotherhand wheretheissueisrare orthere

thedeta il haveconsultedtheorigina lpublicationsw herepossible . In some

ossible asfore amplewhenthereference istoaMSw ork ortoanobscure

ublicationinaccessibletomeatthepresenttime. Markof f sinventoryof theHer-

ereferredtoonlyin thecaseofrarecoins asthecoinsinhisinventoryare almost

enceimpossibletotelle actlywhattypeorsub-typethecoin inq uestionis.

eotherpublications likethedaCunhaand P rincessI smailP ashainventories.

dthatthenumberofreferencesto manyissuesmightbegreatlye tended

goodindicationofthe commonnessofanissuecanbegained bythenumber

amples. Ofcourse w hereanissue isarareone have listedevery reference

ntion.

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T F I C AT O N

A NR A Y M N TM O NO G R A M

tionof J i5asthe SasanianR ayy1mintmonogram

edasfo llow s: Edw ardThomas ThePehlv iC o insof theearly

b a s 1 5 0 r e co r de d b ut d i d no t a tt e mp t t o re a d ^ ( n o . 14

hor( NotesI ntroductory toSassanianMintMonogramsandGems

2 , r ea d_ i5 = j J = u > , a nd on a co in of B a hr ai nV , = i j J = L D I »

4 p p. 3 95 -6 ; \ l > \ ) £ ( w it h va ri at io ns = ^ j j o r = r i t t or l iu

5 pg. 396 . A . D . Mordtmann Erk larungderMiin enmitPehlv i-

1 5 4 : ^ 4 = ? ? ( l d r d , b ut t en ta ti ve ly L e d an i n K h u i st an ( n o. 1 4

Z a d ra ca rt a ( n o. 2 0 p p .1 7- 1 ) ; \ l e tc . = £ > ? R a y y ( n o .2 4

. T h e sa m ea u th o r E r k la r un g d er M i in e n m it P e h le v i- e g en d en Z w e i t er

6 5 : ^ 4 = ? ? ( l d .r d , s t i l l n ot s o lv e d b u t s ug g es t ed a mo n g ot h er

R u d b a r ( n o . 9 p g . 39 9 ; - S = z d = Z a d ra c ar t a b u t no t

at c i t yd i sa p pe a re d ( n o . 2 3 p g . 40 0 ; 2 ± £ > t ^ £ > — R a y y ( n o . 2 1

1 0t h ye ar o f K h os ra w I I ) = J l > = z d ( p ro ba bl y ( n o. 4 9 p g. 4 04 . T he

mpylos. EinB eitragz urvergle ichendenGeographicPersiens( Sit b.

s s . M u nc h en 1 6 9 B d . I ) : = 1 0 0g a te s = H e k a t om p yl o s

oundbasiso fB is^ am sco ins years2 4 5 6. Thisw rongidentif i-

r e: O . P . R a g a ( B e h i s tu n C o l. I I 1 1 .7 1 -7 2 : ed . W e i fl b ac h D i e K e i l-

de n L e i p i g 1 9 11 s e ct . 3 2 p g . 3 ; e d . B r i ti s h Mu s eu m 1 9 07 p g . 35 , a b l.

n C o l . I l l 1 1 . 2- 3 : ed . W e i fi b ac h s e ct . 3 6 p g . 4 2 e d . B . M . p g . 42 . A v .R a y a ( Y a s n

ya m ( V l de vd fi t I : 1 5 , a bl . R a ya o it ( Y a s n 1 9: 1 ) , ( B a r t ho lo ma e A lt ir an is ch es

u r g 1 9 04 c o l. 1 4 97 . G r . ' P d y ai ( S t ra b o A r ri a n D i o d o ru s S ic u lu s I s i do r e of

f r om w hi c h va r io u s L a t i n sp e ll i ng s . P a h l. R a y i = R e y l a pi d ar y ( c f . H e r f e ld

ge n a us I r a n I , H e f t 2 f o o t- n ot e 1 p p . 77 - 7 ; I I , H e f t 2 p g . 9 6 , R a y =

l nk ar t 7 2 5 1 7 1 3 1 9 Z a t -S pa ra m 1 6 1 1- 13 ; S y r ia c B S th R a i a yS ( c f.

A rabica l-R ayy M. P . R ey . I donotproposeatthepresenttimetodiscussthe

ymologiesoftheword.Thescientificetymologieshavebeenhandledby

. J . M ar u a rt E r a nS a hr n a ch d e r Ge o gr a ph i c de s P s . M o se s X o r e na c i A b -

z u G ot ti ng en P h . - H i st . K l as se N . F . B a n dI I I , n o. 2 B e r l in 1 90 1 p p.

A C ata logueof theP rov incia lC apita lso fEranshahr ed. G. Messina S. I . in

o . 3 R o m e 1 9 31 p p . 23 1 1 2- 1 14 c f . al s o: W e i s sb a ch a r ti c l es R a g a E u r op o s

issow a R ea l- ncyclopadie H a lbband3 co l. 1270 H a lbband11 co l. 1310

1 c o ls . 1 25 - 12 7 A . V . W . J a c ks o n A H i s t o r ic a l Sk e tc h o f R a g ha t h e Su p po s ed

sMother inSpiege lMemoria lV o lume B ombay 190 , pp. 237-245.

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adopteduntilthe present.Th.Noldeke Z urE rklarungder

d m g 1 7 7 p p . 14 9 -1 5 0 : M o rd t ma n n s \ i > = R a y y is w r on g b e ca u se

snamehasaW; ontheotherhand themonogramfitsw ellR ew

y j = A ra bi c j o r ( t h e co rr ec t id en ti fi ca ti on o f \ l > i n E . H e r -

4= perhapsR ayy thef ina lletterbe ingpossiblyadoubledJ od argu-

o insofB istamw hohadhishead uartersinthatparto fMedia

i. e . R ayy ( thef irstcorrectidentification butapparently

maticw riters . A . D . Mordtmann Z urP ehlevi-Mun k unde

: ^ = r d = H e k at o mp y lo s = S h a h ru d a r gu m en t r ec a pi t ul a te d ( p p . 1 1 3

Z a d r a ka r ta = H a u p t st a dt v o n H y r ka n ie n ( p g . 12 0 ; 2 a 4 an d

w ithattack onNoldek e sopinionthat^4= R ayy

i ng i d en t ic a l a n d B i s ta m be i ng i n P a r t h ia n o t in M e di a

oncedefeatedbyKhosraw I I a tR ayy butthisdoesnot

years rebe ll ionhe livedatR ayy ( pp. 141-142 ; andR ayy

u o ti n g D i m is h i a n d ar g ui n g ra t he r w il d ly t h at \ l > = " R a a n o r

, R a g , s i n c eP a h le v i c a n b e re a d n or v a n d v ca n b e dr o pp e d ( p p . 1 41 -

r da s ir c f . J . M a r u a rt E r a ns a hr e t c. A b ha n dl . K . G . d e r W i ss . z u G o t t in -

as se N . F . B a n d I I I , n o. 2 B e r l in 1 90 1 p g. 2 7 . T h . No ld ek e G es ch ic ht e

urZ e itderSasaniden ausderarabischenC hronik desTabari

7 9 p g . 4 6 f o ot - no t e 2: ^ 4 = r d = R a y y r e ca p it u la t io n o f ar g um en t

o f K h o sr a w I I ' s c o in s o f th e ye a rs 4 5 6 7 a r e to b e e p l ai n ed b y

eliouscityorthefactthatR ayyw asinruins cf . F irdaw si 19 6f f .

21. Ed. D rouin(O bservationssurlesmonnaiesaL6gendesenPehlv iet

v. A rc he ol og i u e P a r i s 1 8 6 p g. 4 9 : t h e us ua l re ad in g \ a > = R a y y.

butionsa l E tudedesA te liersmoneta iressouslaD ynastiedesR o is

e v .N u m. P a r is 1 9 13 : = r d = j L i l ( H e k a t om p yl o s ne a r

( " b ou rg du di st ri ct de Ne ca ) , o r l ^ j ( s ma ll vi ll ag eo fF a r s , o rj \ s j j ( t h e

ara l-Maw sil B a lk h Marv betw eenR ashtandQa w inetc. ( sect.

9-—D eMorganmadetheseblindsuggestions eventhoughhecalledatten-

ntseemedto bethemostimportantandproductiveofall the

owofnoinstanceinwhich theissueisso admirablyconfusedasinthis

3 = z d o r i d = Z a d ra c ar t a or O & j o n t he P e r s i an G u lf ( s e ct . 1 3 p p .

= r i u = R a y y " c e tt e i de n ti f ic a ti o n es t f or t a cc e pt a bl e ( s e ct . 1 34 p g .

withthisaquantityofuselesslyperpetuatedmistak enreadingsandformsof

in co nn ue s a nd a sR a m t iU j , c - j \ j > C \ j J \ ( E r R a n , e t c. — s e ct io ns

5 - 13 7 p p . 49 0 -4 9 1 1 4 2 -1 4 4 p g . 4 92 . F u r do o n e e D . J . P a r uc k S a s a ni a n

924: ^ 4= rd= everythingthattheabovecitedscho larshadsuggested

ntributionofhisow n butimply ingthatH ek atompylosisthecorrect

p g . 17 2 ; _ i > = z d = Z a d ra k ar t a n o o pi n io n o f P a r uc k s ( n o .2 3 ,

C r e a



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15/263

CH I STO R Y O F R A Y 3

- O e t c. e t c. = b i u = R a y y P a r uc k a pp a re n tl y a cc e pt i ng t h e R a y yi d en t i-

ow nopinion( nos. 172-177 pp. 174-176 . C f . a lsoW. H. V a lentine

don 1921 w here listsaredraw nupaccordingtoMordtmann and

e l de N u mi s ma t i u e O r i e nt a le P a r is 1 9 24 p p . 29 7 -2 9 9 w i th n o n ew

omaryfalseidentifications.

asbeenconvincinglymadebyE .H er feld.Noldeke s

thewrotebefore thediscoveryofP ahlevimaterialthatmakes

rofessorHer fe ldhaspo intedoutthatthePahlev iC ommentary

ve s b ot h f or m s R a y a a nd R a y a n d th a t on t h e ( u n p ub l is h ed i n sc r ip t io n

r> x p= egy isused w hileontheco inswef indn3t > = R D Y

r ch a eo l og i sc h e Mi t te i lu n ge n a us I r a n I I , 2 p g .9 6 1 . A ct u al l y th e c om mo n

impleS5 butnotethespecimensofB ahra inV andKhosraw I I

he inscriptionissa idtoben or


16/263


nhisPersiantranslationofTabari( Transl. H. Z otenberg C hroni uede

a mm ed - be n -D j a r ir e t c. P a r is 1 6 7 I I , p p . 26 - 2 69 . I t i s n ot t o b e fo u nd

ari. I w asunableto f indtheaccountintheC awnpore1 96

a mi -T ab ar i. C f. Y a q i i b i I , p g . 19 0: f J \ J , \ j \ * > £ > ■ ? \ ^

s * -̂ V y j * O ^ J J \ j 2> j j y iS ~ $ > t> i£ y J > *

) < £ j ~ £ ( j -̂ 1^ J ^ ^ r̂ " J V £ ^ c 3O ^ w

^ \ ; a l - Th a a hb i e d . H . Z o t en be rg P a r i s 1 9 00 p p. 6 5 - 6 5 9 D i na -

u di I I , p g. 2 14 F i r d aw si M oh l V I , p g. 5 54 . Cf . al so S ir W i l li am

ar i ou s c ou n tr i es o f t he E a s t et c . L o n do n 1 1 9 -1 2 3 1 1 1 p p . 19 5 -1 9 ,

e r s ia n f ro m h is B a l a m i ms E . T h om a s N . C 1 7 3 p p . 23 6 ff . :

ederP erserundAraberz urZ eitderSasanidenausder Arabischen

c L e y de n 1 7 9 p p . 27 6 4 7 4f f . Th e s to r y is a l so I b e li e ve

s " K h o sr a w an d S hT r in . ( d o n ot f i nd i t i n A. C h ri s te n se n s

eofB ahramC hobin: R omanenomB ahrainTschobinetR e-

Studierf raSprog-ogOldtidsforsk ning no . 75 C openhagen 1907 .

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- SA SA N A NCO I N AG O F R A Y

sissuedat theR ayymintduringtheperiodbetweenthe

y in21A . H. ( or1 , accordingtosomeauthorit ies andthebeginning

thef irstspecimenofw hichiso f theyear81( cf . no . 14below , is

e amplesthathavecometomyattention.F orthemomentthe

R ( n o t Z ? ) D , a s w el l a s th e a lm os t c er t ai n o ne ~ i = r d i s

moresatisfactorye planationof t^ isult imate lyarrivedat a llthe

ettersshouldbe struckout.I tismy hopethatsometimeinthe

eto describetheanonymousandArabgovernorcoinsofthe

etherwitha fulltreatmentofthehistoricalbackgroundofthe

onlyvirtueinthefollowingcatalogueis thatthereareassem-

erencestospecimensofnearlya ll think o f theA rab-Sasanian

mintthathavebeenpublishedtogetherwitha fewunpublished

a lk ero f theDepartmentofC o insandMedalsof theB rit ishMuseum

hecompilationofane haustivestudyoftheearlyArab coinage

tlessadd muchtothiscursorylist. R eferencestoTabarior

istories followingthenumismaticentriesaregiventoserve as

kgroundofthepolitical historyofthegivenyearas suchhistory

yuponR ayy . Duringthef irstcenturyof theHi rahw ese ldom

ual governororprefectchargedwiththeadministrationof this

istoricalcitations aresimplytothepassagein thechronicles

e ofthegovernororviceregentofthe provincetowhichR ayy

scoinageoftheearlieryearsthrowsnolight onthegovernment

ty andthecoinagewiththegovernor snamerecordedaffords

tion.W herevertheK uficinscriptionswerenotedin theoriginal

are recordedhere.

) d . An on ym ou s. Y e a r 21 .

dikirt.

G 1 8 0 n o. 5 60 p g. 1 60 .

2 6 34 B a l a d hu r i 3 1 7 -3 1 : c o n u e st o f R a y y .

) d . An on ym ou s. Y e a r 26 .

rawI I .t j < ul —-

G 1 7 9 n o . 3 p g . 8 4 .

2 6 47 : r ep o rt e d co n u e st o f R a y y i n 1 . T a b. I 2 6 50 - 26 5 7: c o n u e st

mb . M u r i n . T ab . I 2 6 1 - 26 2 : Y a d i ki r t s p a ss a ge t h ro u gh R a y y .

o f thecitybyA banJ adhwiyyah. Y ear24: Tab. I , 2 05: so ldiersof

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o ny m ou s . Y e a r 29 .

rawI I .

G 1 7 9 n o . 6 p g . 8 4 .

2 2 f f .: A b u- M ii s a al - As h a r i de p os e d ' A b du l la h b . ' A m i r b ec o me s

) d . Z i y a d b. a bi - Su f ya n . Y e a r 30 .

.< J j

G 1 8 0 n o. 5 62 p g. 1 61 .

2 8 5 : Z i y a d b. ' A m ir g o ve r no r o f al - B a s ra h .

enmistak en. Z iyadb. abi-Sufyan sco insare43 47 51 52

g o ve r no r o f al - B a s ra h i n 46 r u le r o f al l a l- I r a ( i . e . th e e nt i re E a s t i n 5 0

T a b. a n d B a l ad h ur i i n di c es L a m me n s Z i a d b . A bl h i R i v i s ta d e gl i S tu d i

1 9 12 T h o m as j r a s 1 5 0 p p . 2 4 f f. E v e n ch a ng i ng t h e da t e to t h e Y a d i ki r t

onymous. Y ear32.

rawI I .

1 50 pg.2 2( Mordtmann Z D MG 1 54 no.750 pg.150 ; B .M. un-

? ) d . An on ym ou s. Y e a r 35 .

rawI I .-oil

mmlungvonSassanidenmiin en( K arabacek WienerNumismatische

e ft eI I I — I V , W i en 1 6 5 p g. 67 n o. 11 9.

| i 5= R i u T ho ma s j r as 1 5 0 p g . 2 2 ( M or dt ma nn z d mg 1 5 4

c f . Ca e ta n i C h ro n og r ap h ia I s l am i ca I , 3 6 7 d o n ot b e lo n g he r e.

edKuf icinscriptionisnotK uf ic.

ymous. Year37.

rawI I .

o llection unpublished( persona lcommunicationofMr. J ohnWalk er

- D - A n o n ym ou s . Y e a r 37 .

rawI I .? ...4 1

G 1 6 5 n o . 15 3 p g. 46 4 — " E i ne s ch ii ti sc he M un e ( ) ; P a r i s n o . 13 .

3 3 52 1 1 . 6- : ' A l i gi v es t h e go ve r nm en t o f R a y y an d I s b ah a n to

a m ad h an i .

U b a y d ul l ah b . Z i y a d. Y e a r 60 .

.

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? ) d . ' U b ay du ll ah b . Z i ya d. Y e a r 60 .

.oil

e r f e ld C ol l ec t io n A N S.

2 1 : ' U b a y d ul l ah b . Z i y a d go v er n or o f R a y y .

. ' U b a y d ul l ah b . Z i y a d. Y e a r 61 .

.

rc u la r D e c 1 9 35 c o l. 4 3 3 n o s. S 4 16 — 4 2 0 B . M . u n pu b li s he d .

k ? ) d . ' U b ay du ll ah b .Z i y ad . Y e ar 6 1.

.* & \

G 1 7 9 n o. 5 6 p g. 9 4 S ti ck el H a n db uc hl l n o. 4 5 p g. 8 9 ( i ll us tr . ;

19 H e r f e ld C o ll e ct i on .

- ' U b a y d ul l ah b . Z i y a d. Y e a r 62 .

.

1 50 no.12 pg.291( Mordtmann Z D MG 1 54 no.7 2 pg.155 Z D MG

94 ; V . A . S mi t h C at a lo g ue o f t he C o in s i n th e I n d ia n M us e um C a lc u tt a

1 9 06 p g . 22 9 n o .l S p in k s N u mi s ma t ic C i rc u la r D e c 1 9 35 c o l. 4 3 3

unpublished.

) d . ' U b ay du ll ah b .Z i y ad . Y e ar 6 2.

.4 1

G 1 5 , n o. 2 97 p g. 5 1( Z D M G 1 7 9 n o . 56 p g. 9 4 ; M or dt ma nn

n o . 57 p g . 94 H e r f e ld C o ll e ct i on ( t w od i es d o s ha s t an d t ly n s ha f t ; A N S.

) d . ' U b a y d ul l ah b . Z i y a d. Y e a r 6 3 .

.4isl

G 1 5 , n o. 2 99 p g. 5 1( Z D M G 1 7 9 n o . 60 p g. 9 5 ; M or dt ma nn

n o. 6 2 p g. 9 5 H e r f el d Co ll ec ti on ( t wo d ie s .

? ) d ( o r 35 = r d? ) . " E z l e m bi n Su fa h . Y e a r 67 .

.

1 50 no.X I X ( no.5 ) ( Mordtmann Z D MG 1 54 no.8 61 pg.169 .

.Z u r a h al - i la bi C f. T ab . I I , 6 5 8 1 1 6 , 1 7 2 1 7 9- 1 0 1 9

ea r s 43 4 5 5 3 5 5 5 6 a r re s te d y e ar 5 9 .

? ) d . ' U b ay du ll ah b . Z i ya d. Y e a r 6 .

.

G 1 7 9 n o. 6 , p g. 9 5 B e rl in n o. 1 20 .

) d . B i s h r b. M ar w an . Y e a r 7 4.

.

4 p p. 2 4 -2 8 ( w it h su gg es ti on j l W j ) .

8 1 7 : Y a l d b . R u w ay m go v er n or o f R a y y .A n on y mo u s Ch r on i cl e

db. R uw aymgovernorofR ayy cf . ibid. pg. 11 , appearanceof

Y e a r 74 : F o r B i s hr b . M ar w an b . a l- H a k a m g o ve r no r o f al - I r a i n y ea r

6 2 Y a q u bi I I , 3 0 7 3 24 .

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O R M D AR A B CO I NAG O F T H E U MA Y A D P E R I O D

eHi rahatR ayybeginstheconventiona lU mayyadtypeof

A bd-al-Malik anda l-H a j a inca . 77A . H. Theremayw ellhave

f thistypedatedbefore81A . H . buttheearliestrecordedthat

iso f theyear81. W iththisissuew ecommenceaseriesthat in

ontinueswithoutvariationofformuntiltheyearsimmediately

revoltin132 whentheculminationofthepoliticalsuccesses in

nprovincesgenerallybeginsanew eraintheorientalempire a

ablyre uiredarecogni ablechangeintheformulaeofthe

lw aysinthe I slamicstates w enthandinhandwiththeacknow ledg-

legianceinthe khutbahorofficialprayers.Theformulaeofthe

w ellk nown. T il lthebeginningof ' A bbasidsupremacy w iththe

snonecessityof repeatingthefollowingformulaeforeachissue.

1.

u j . J L m I

J l p- j ^ ^ j j J l \ l > 4 & \

{ j j J \ J c -» j ^ a J r a ̂ - ^ l 4 - l J j ~ > j j j f -

33. of ± \

minora lterationsinannuletsandborder andvery rare ly in

the lines thestereotypedformrepresentedhereisconstantin

woftheU mayyadrule.

02 p g . 26 ; B . M . 1 9 22 / 7/ 1 7 n o .5 0 . ( I s t h is p e rh a ps t h e sa m e co i n

rngtonandlaterac uiredby theB . M. ? )

a nd a l -M a sh r i 1 i n t he y e ar 8 0 : A l- H a j a . ( T a b. I I , 1 04 7 1 1. 3 - 5

ersiandynasties thegovernmentofR ayy ( andofothercit iesinI ran w as

off icesofal- I ra ( a l-B asrahandal- ufah . A ttimesthegovernorofR ayy

ernor-genera lo f theEast( a l-Mashri oragovernorofKhurasan. Hence

condcenturiesI havecontinuedtogivethenamesof theincumbentsof

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e a r 8 2 .

02 p g . 26 ; B . M . 1 9 22 / 7/ 1 7 n o . 1 1 4 ( t h e s am e c oi n ? ) .

e a r 8 4 .

us tr . P I . I I ) .

b . Mu s li m w ho h a d be e n se n t ou t b y al - H a j a , p u t t o f li g ht U m a r

akenpossessionofR ayy.Q utaybahwastheninvestedwiththe

T a b . I I , 1 1 1 , 1 . 16 - 11 1 9 1 . 3 .

e a r 9 0.

es. no . 329( w ithreferencetoW. K . L of tus Trave lsandR esearchesin

si ll a s i n th e y ea r 8 7 a d mi n is t ra t or o f a l- I r a a n d th e e nt i re E a s t

enantw asa l- arrahb. 'A bdullah inK hurasan Qutaybahb. Muslim.

, 1 1. 5- .

e a r 91 .

n o . 44 0 p g . 21 B . M . 1 9 05 / 12 / 6 n o . 1 9.

e a r 9 2.

NS ( t wo s pe ci me ns .

e a r 9 3.

t iA ra bi c i V I , N .C . 1 8 7 p g. 32 5 P a r i s n o . 2 5 B . M . 1 9 0 5/ 10 /1 2 n o. 1 7.

e a r 9 4.

a r is n o . 2 6 T i es . n o .4 0 0 ( w i t h t wo r e fe r en c es ; I s t an b ul u n nu m be r ed .

asrahandKhurasan thesamegovernorsasintheyear90con-

I 1 2 66 1 1 .1 3 -1 5 .

e a r 9 5.

andreGagarineaM. F . SoretsurQ uel uesMonnaiesorientales

n R e v . N u m. B e i g e 1 6 2 p g .4 6 0 P a r is n o .2 7 T i es . n o . 42 1 ( w i t h

stanbul unnumbered A NS.

n R a m ad a n or S h aw wa l o f th i s ye a r. ( T a b. I I , 1 2 1 7 1 1 . 7- ; 1 2 6 ,

abshahw asmilitaryandciv ilgovernorofal-B asrahandal- ufah the

pr o vi n ce s w as Y a T d b . ab i -M u sl i m. ( T a b. I I 1 2 6 1 . 5- 1 26 9 1 . 2 .

e a r 9 6.

T . R ogers Notesonsomeineditedco insof theD ynastyof theKhalif ahs

. N . Se r. V o l . X P 7 p g. 3 50 .

andY a idb. abi- abshah( seeno. 22above w eredisplaced

b. abi-Suf rahw asappointedtothegovernmentofa l- I ra , and

mantotheta -co llectorshipof theprov ince. Qutaybahb. Muslimwas

2 4 1 . 4 -1 3 04 1 . 2 0 a n d W a i b . a bi - Su d t oo k hi s p la c e in K h u ra s an .

1 1. 16 -1 ; 1 30 5 1 1. 13 -1 7.

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e a r 9 7.

p g . 33 B e r l i n n o . 45 2 G u th r ie C ol l ec t io n n o . 10 9 P a r is n o . 3 3 .

ointedY a idb.al-Muhallabtothe governorshipofK hura-

nMak hladtoarrestWa i b. abi-Sud( seeno. 23above . ( Tab. I I ,

.

e a r 9 .

T i es . n o . 46 4 ( o n e r e fe r en c e ; T i es . n o . 27 3 9 ( o n e r ef e re n ce ; A N S.

bove contro lledK hurasan. ( Thegovernmentofa l- I ra re -

T a b. I I , 1 3 1 , 1 . 2.

e a r 1 01 .

i ll us tr . P I . V I I I ) ; A NS R a y y 1 9 34 R B 9 61 ( d at e ob sc ur e ; R a yy 1 93 6

e w ithdotsbeneaththereverseareathus: V ) .

ydirhamof theyear101 butthis a longwithagoodmanyother

ett stable I amstrongly inclinedtore ect. Manyerrorsare lik ely to

ggett ssourcesw ere: theB . M. cata logues E . T . R ogersB ey

. C o l. G u th r ie a n d hi s o wn c o ll e ct i on ( s e e pr e fa c e p p . v- v i N o te s o n

af terhavingbeenimprisonedintheyear100(Tab. I I , 1349

n101andtook possessionofa l-B asrah. ( Tab. I I , 1359 1. 12-1361 1. 3

1 3 94 1 . 15 . ' A b d- a l- R a h m an b . Nu a y m w h o ha d b ee n n am ed f o r th e

b . I I , 1 3 56 , w as g o ve r no r o f K h u ra s an i n 1 01 . ( T a b . I I , 1 3 94

e a r 1 04 .

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othepellets aboveandbelowtheobverseandreversevary

ablydueto thestateofpreservationofthe differentspecimens

nsareprobablyall ofonestyleifnot fromonedie.

B e r l i n n o s. 2 01 2 2 0 13 ( t h e la s t li n e of t h e ob v er s e is t r an s cr i be d J u l y ;

2 02 4.

ydirha inof104 probably tobere ected seethenoteunderno. 26

h g o ve r no r o f al - I r f i a n d a ll t h e Ma s hr i ( T a b. I I , 1 4 6 1 1 . 1 6 ,

a l-Harashif romtheKhurasanpostandreplaceshimbyMuslim

u r a h b . cA m r b. K h u w a yl i d al - Sa i ( o r M us l im b . S a I d b . A sl a m al -

, 1 45 3 1 .1 5- 14 61 1 .1 1 1 45 7 U . 1 0 -1 2 .

a r 11 0 .

edborder.

GC M yearll , isprobablya lsothisdate . 1

ha lidb. 'A bdullahgovernedinal- ufahandal-B asrah A shras

adbeennamedforKhurasanin109 continuedinthepostin110.

1 . 6 1 . 9 1 50 7 1 . 3 -1 51 2 1 . 6.

nthiscoin issimilartothat onthecoinsof theyear116

assignedto113 describedunderno. 30below . Noeffortw asmadeto

ol.Allotte delaF uyemadeanattemptinthe Memoiresdela

deP erse TomeX X , MissionenSusiane pp. 50-52. Thee planation

ere( " leptondeu fo is istoofancifulandfar- fetchedinevery

sideration. The line isa lmostcerta inly tobetranscribedR j j Y

cf . thediscussionof the identif icationof theSasanian^4mintmonogram

k sontheetymologyofR ayy etc. ; andcanbetranslated" R ayy

herw ords currentinR ayy2. A notherform a lsoderivedf romraf tan " to

erspecimeninD r. J . M. Unva la sco llection( cf . foot-note immediatelybe low .

ggestedtomebyD r. J . M. Unva laof theF renchE x peditionatSusa and

reedthatthisinterpretationisa lik e lyone. A f terthepresentmateria lhada l-

r. U nva la sinterestingcontribution Q uel uesMonnaiesA rabesaLe-

ue l uesautresMonnaiesbil inguesP ehlev ie -ArabesappearedintheN. C

6. S p ec i me n s fr o m Su s a wh e re " f i u r o wa k ( R V B ' K ) i s e nt i re l y cl e ar t e nd t o

hereshouldbeR V B ' K ratherthanR aV A N butnospecimenw hichI

renoughtof i the identityof thefina lconsonant. D r. Unva ladoesnot

gof thePahlev ile ttersfor" R ayy . D oeshemeanthatthe lettersare

g. 295 H isdraw ingof the inscriptionasitappearsonthe issueof116

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ahlevispe lledliterally rvb k actuallypronouncedravdk de-

H i l f s bu c h de s P e h l e vi U p s a l a 1 9 31 I I , p g . 19 4 a s " i n G a n g ge -

c f . th e w or d i n P a h l ev i c ha r ac t er s i b id . I , p g . 51 . R a H j , c u rr e nt i s a

erbydie-engraverstoindicategenuinenessorvalidity asfor

r e ce n tl y o n th e m od e rn c o in s o f P e r si a j c S Ai £ l c u rr e nt i n

.

. Y e a r 11 5 ( ? ) .

.

J

cution.

1 .

asrahandal- ufahwasinthehands ofK halidb.' Abdullah

1 andll3 a l- unaydb. ' A bd-al-R ahmanal-Ma ani namedin111

T a b. I I , 1 5 06 1 . 6 1 5 27 1 1 . 2- 3 1 5 60 1 . 15 .

16.

edborder.

neaththereversearea andobversebearsa linearborder. -V aria -

heobversebearsapelle t: l i . J l . V aria tionC : Pe lle tabove

t be n ea t h j o f l i J I , o b ve r se • • • ( p o ss i bl y o nl y t wo a b ov e r ev e rs e

notclearinrespecttothe letterorlettersimmediate ly fo llow ingtheR ( op.

; n o c le a re r i n fa c t th a n in t h e " c o p ie i n e a c t e o f A ll o tt e d e la F u y ea n d L a v o i

. 2 4 . D r . U n v al a d es c ri b es a n d il l us t ra t es ( o p . ci t . p g . 29 5 n o . 32 a n d P I .

2. aspecimeninhisow nco llectionattributedtotheyear116 butandthe^

udgeby thephotograph hisco inisf romadiesim ilarto ifnotiden-

mw hichoneofmyco insof theyear110w asstruck there issure lyno

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ariationD: A boveobverse• • ; beneathobverse•• . V aria tionE :

w ith• • abovetheareaof theobverseandno•* • beneaththe

signedtotheyear113andillustrated( P I . 2 . The il lustrationis

eatleast asregardstheof thedate andI aminclinedto

easilymisread^ i uonanobscurespecimen.

s ta nb ul n o. 2 76 P a r i s n os . 14 73 1 47 4 A NS R a y y 1 93 4 R B 9 39

1 99 1 R E 2 6 9 ( a l l ob sc ur e ; R a yy 1 93 6 R G 8 2 0 1.

ydirhumof116 probably tobere ected seethenoteunderno. 26

-R ahmanal-Ma ani( cf . no. 29above w asremovedf romK hura-

t ly thereaf terle ftthegovernmentof thatprovinceto ' U marahb.

bI I 1 5 65 1 1 .1 - 2 . T h e Ca l ip h H i s h am s e nt ' A s im b . ' A b du l la h b .

vernK hurasan. The latterarrestedandimprisoned' Umarahandhis

, 1564 1. 6-1565 1. 15 . K ha lidb. 'A bdullahcontinuedasgovernorof

r 11 0 n o. 2 a bo ve ( T ab . I I , 1 65 , 1 1. 14 -1 5 .

v er s e il l us t ra t ed P I . V I ) n o . 20 1 5 ( t h e d ot s a re r e pr e se n te d V ) S t ic k el

n o. 5 p g. 2 93 ( T ie s. n o. 6 06 ; I s ta nb ul u nn um be re d ( d a te o bs cu re ; G CM

1 9 35 R C i 4 0 2 5 4 0 97 ( b o th p o or l y pr e se r ve d .

r120.

1A .

y inferiorworkmanship.Thedie-engravercanbeforgiven

sleepoverthe3rd lineoftheobverse — buthowdidthe die

d thecoinsgointocirculation ? )

w hohadhadcontro lnotonlyofa l- I ra buto fa lltheE astasw ell

I I , 1 5 6 1 . ) , f e l l i nt o d is g ra c e. Y u s uf b . ' U m a r w ho w a s au t ho r i e d

r120.

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overnorof theeasternprov inces. ( Tab. I I , 1641 1. 1-165 , 1. 17.

ntshadbeenasfo llow s: A sadb. ' A bdullah w hohaddirectedtheaf fairs

e ar 1 1 d i ed i n 1 20 ( T a b. I I 1 5 91 1 1 .1 - 1 9 ; h e l ef t t he g o ve r n-

n a laha l-B ahrani w horemainedinof f iceonly fourmonths( Tab. I I ,

u s uf b . ' U m a r t h e ne w g ov er n or o f t he E a s t r e mo v ed h i m an d g av e

b . ' A l i al - a r ma n i ( T a b . I I , 1 6 59 1 1 .1 - 2 , w h o wa s i n tu r n de p os e d

u s Na s r b. S a yy a ( b . L a y t h b .R a f i b . R a b l a h b . J u r a y b .' A u f

b . L a y t h b. B a k r b . ' A b d- M an a h b. K i n a n ah ( T a b. I I , 1 6 35 1 . 15 - 16 3 9

66 1 . 10 .

eutenantsnamedbyNasrinB a lk h Marw al-R udh H arat.

m a n d Su g hd ( T a b. I I 1 6 64 1 1 .1 3 -1 9 . I t i s c l ea r t ha t R a y y wa s s ti l l

contro l a tleastinprinciple o f thegovernorofa l- I ra .

21.

^

wordstothe linesofthereverseis notindicatedinthe descrip-

cimen.

, n o . 3 p g . 4 4 R a y y 1 9 3 4 R G Q 2 0 61 ( r e ve r se d o ts e f fa c ed , R C 2 6 2 6 .

eshouldbeassigneda lsotheobscurespecimens w hereeitherdateor

ff a ce d : R a yy 1 9 34 R G Q 2 0 33 R D 2 1 23 R B 2 6 22 .

nt i nu e d ov er a l - I r a a n d it s d ep e nd e nc i es ( i . e . th e E a s t a n d Na s r

n .( C f . th e y ea r 1 20 n o . 31 a b ov e . ( T a b. I I , 1 6 9 , 1 1 . 5- 7 .

. Y e a r 1 2 2.

■ • •

n o . 44 p p . 34 6 -3 4 7 ( i l l u st r . P I . X I V , f i g. 4 ( T i es . n o . 6 1 5 .

ethe j inthe3rdlineof thereverse butit isclearinthe il lus-

minttobe uncertainbutthatitcould onlybeal-R ayy.The

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emintandthe^ j z * . tobestrange butthere isagoodlike lihood

hdateand mintiscorrect.

asin theyear121.( Tab.I I , 169 , 11.5-6.

24.

on.

e f fa c ed .

1 99 2 R D 2 16 0 ( m i nt e ff ac ed .

Nasrb. Sayyarcontinuedtogoverna l- I ra andKhurasan

iisufattemptedtopersuadetheCaliphH ishamtodisplaceNasr

lH a k am b . a l- S al t . ( T a b . I I , 1 7 1 , 1 . 9- 1 71 9 1 . 10 .

27.

mporarydocumentaryevidenceofthesuccessofthe' Alid-

factionatR ayy . ' A bdullahb. Mu aw iyah w hosenameappearson

hadrevo ltedatal- ufahinMuharram 127. Thenceheproceeded

oa l- iba l la termakinghishead uartersatI sbahanandin129

1 7 9 ff . 1 9 76 f f. . H i s o c c up a ti o n of a l -M a ha yn ( i . e . D i n aw a r an d N ih a -

Q umis I sbahanandR ayyseemstohavebeenbeforetheendof127

0 1 . 20 , b u t t h is i s n ot e p r es s ly s t at e d a n d I q u e st i on j u s t a li t tl e w he t he r

nmightnotbetheverysim ilarK uf icdigitnine . How ever seven

ble.

n o . 5 p g . 4 5 ( a s i m i la r r ev e rs e i s il l us t ra t ed i n P a r i s n o . 15 8 , P I . I X ;

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derlegendon therevolutionarycoinsoftheseyears( till131

j ? * j S V \ \ ' J ? \ a c J J U V J » ( Q u r a n X L I I , 22 , " S ay for this I ask

oveofmyk in , ispatentinv iew of the" platform of the

meversewasemployedbyabu-al- Abbasinhisinauguraladdress

. 11-12 . Z ambaurhaspo intedoutthattherearetw ogroupsof these

a l - u f ah H a m a d ha n M a hi ( p r ob a bl y N ih a wa n d , R a y y J a y y

l -T a ym ar a h a n d R a m H u r mu ( i n K h u i s ta n ( t o wh i ch s h ou l d be a d de d

ebelow , f rom127-131 andb theabu-Muslimgroupf romKhurasan

a nd M a rw , a n d J u r a n a n d th e a g r ou p f ro m t he y e ar 1 3 1.

htheirmintsanddates struckby' Abdullahandabu-Muslim

l havethecommoncharacteristicsofmarginaldateandmint

nulets( O or^ ) togetherw iththecA bbasidparty " motto .

cated i. e . I havegivenonlyonereferencetoeachissue a lthough

onsmaypossessanotherspecimenofthe sameissue.

a r i s n o . 1 6 4 .

B . M . i c o p . n o. 8 0

. i n o . 21 5 b p g . 22 5

r is n o . 55 3

P aris no . 554-555( tw odies

cedB erlin no . 601

r is n o . 55 6

a n e - o o le P r i v a te C o ll e ct i on s o f Mo h am -

ssays. .. 3rdSeries

g .1

r li n n o s. 5 9 9- 6 00 ( t w o di e s ; g c m

ea r 12 B . M . i n o. 2 16 a nd a ns

. 35

. 36

. 3

gton N. C 1902 pg. 269

a r is n o . 55 9

s n o . 56 0

gton N. C 1902 pg. 269

s n o . 56 1

s n o s. 5 6 2 5 6 3 ( t w o d ie s

9 S. L a n e- o o le P r i va t e Co l le c ti o ns e t c. — M r .

pg.1

bu-Muslim B erlin no . 2064andans.

b u -M u sl i m R . G u e s t A c o in o f A bu M u sl i m j b a s 1 9 32

etterpreservedthanthe

ngornamentsnot

shedcoin.

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' A b du l la h ? ) B e r l i n n o . 20 6 5

r 1 3X ( a b u- M us -

r f 32 54

B . M. i c o p. n o. 7 9 a n d ? ) R a y y 1 9 35 r h 5 01 2

year12 bearstheK hari ite" war-cry * J J V I J ^V " J udg-

e ( a v a ri a ti o n of Q u r a n X I I , 4 0 e t c . .

plyuswiththe sotospeakofficialchronicle asopposedtothe

oca lco inage. I nR a ab 126 theC aliphhadsentMansiirb. J amhur

in Ta b. I I , 1 3 6 1 . 6 t og ov er na l- I r a ( T ab .I I , 1 3 6 1 . 5- 1 4 5 1 .1 3

bse uently inthesameyear Mansiirw asremoved aga inontheorder

b d u ll a h b. ' U m a r b . ' A b d- a l - A i b . M ar w an w a s na m ed i n h is p l ac e

4 1 . - 1 5 5 1 .1 0 1 7 5 1 1. 4- 6 . I n K h u ra sa n N as r b. S ay ya r re fu se d to

o f J a m h ur w h en ' A b du l la h b . ' U m ar t o ok o ff i ce i n a l- I r a ( a n d

conf irmedNasrinthe latter sgovernmentofK hurasan butNasrfound

sauthoritydueto theincreasingpoliticaldisorderaccompanying

yadpow erandtheriseof the ' A bbasidparty intheE ast( Tab. I ,

1 .1 7 1 7 5 1 1. 7- ) .

r129.

^ l 4 il l

u r an X L I I , 2 2. J > j l j 5i _ ll V l I o * J J L . V J i

j O { j j Z & 3 O £ ~ S O i l— 0 < s ^ O t ^ i O * i ll O

n I X , 3 3.

l us tr . P I . I I I ) .

e a r 12 9 .

- il J u .

n X L I I , 2 2.

U l u s tr . P I . I X ) ; R a y y 1 93 5 R C i 3 57 2 ( l a rg el y ef fa ce d p os si bl y 12 7 ; R a y y

d at eo bs cu re 1 2 ) .

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e a r 1 29 .

1 4 y \ £

.

ar129.

horburn.

h ad s e nt a n e w go ve r no r t o al - I r a , Y a i d b . cU m a r b . H u b a yr a h

1 1 .2 0 -2 1 , w h oc o nf i rm e d Na s r b. S a yy a r in K h u ra s an ( T a b. I I , 1 9 17 .

yah by129undisputedmastero fa l- iba l includingI sbahan Q iim is

T a b. I I , 1 9 76 1 1 . - 1 1 , i n t hi s y ea r t oo k ov e r F a r s a s we l l b u t in a

norof theEast ibn-Hubay rah w asbeatenandf ledf romI stakhr

1 . 4- 1 9 1 1 . 6 t o K h u r a sa n wh e re h e w as e e c ut e d by a b u- M us l im .

h ed a c o in — B a r t h ol o ma e a S or e t I , n o . 46 p p . 34 7 -3 4 ,

f ig . 5( T ie s. n o. 6 07 , — s t ru ck a t R a yy i n 12 ? ) X , b y Mu ha mm ad ( ? )

perhapsNasr( ? ) . Theco inwasobv iously inverypoorpreservationandthe

blein thesignificantpartsofthe inscriptions.I havenotbeen

chroniclesby thenamessuggested.O nlyabetterpreserved

uestion.

r130.

\ C

4 0 4 5.

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r130.

e r l i n 1 7 / 1 9 3 ( p r ob a bl y t he s a me c o in a n o . 20 1 6 .

r130.

probablymisinterpretedcoinisin alllikelihoodthe

r130.

O O O b e tw e en i n ne r

rders.

R D 2 53 0.

r130.

O O O O b e tw ee n i nn e r

rders.

R G Q 8 6 5 .

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cU mar whosenameappearsonnos.37A 37B , 37D and37E ,

U m a r b. H u b a y ra h r ef e rr e d to a s g ov e rn o r of a l - I r a a n d th e E a s t

ar129 . Y a idcontinuedin130asgovernorof theEast w hileNasr

tl lgovernorofKhurasan appealedtohisoverlordforassistance

volutionaryabu-Muslimwhohadbythistimebecomeactualmaster

, 2 0 00 1 . 6 -2 0 06 1 . 10 2 0 16 1 . 4 -2 0 17 1 . 13 2 0 17 1 1 .1 7 -2 2 . N a sr w a s

orethegrow ingforceofabu-Muslim sattack (Tab. I I , 1990 .

hosenameappearsontheco insnos. 37D and37E, ismentioned

131 asprefectatR ayy . TabaricallshimHabibb. B udayla l-

2 11. 5-6 . ThesecoinsprovethatHabibw asa lreadyprefectinthe

enthistoryappearsundertheyear131( seeno. 3 be low . Thefamily

yhasagreatercla imtofamethanH abib stroubledgovernorshipof

nyears. Intothehandsofamemberofhisfamily ( amanof the

m fe lltheswordofHusayn grandsonof theProphet a f terthebattle

thissw ordw aspassedontoH abib sfamily ( reportedunderyear61in

.14-15 .J j j uJ -, _, , , -> ■ J * I J , \ dU iJ i > ^ s^ sH abib( moreprobablyhisfather

a l so i n a n is n ad u n de r t he y e ar 6 7 ( T a b. I I 7 1 ) .

. Y e a r 13 1 .

nglereferencetoTornberg SymbolI I .

. Y e a r 1 31 .

n o . 6 p g . 46 S . L a n e - o o le T h e O r i en t al C a bi n et a t C op e nh a ge n .

67(thedescriptionisabbrev iated buttheprobability isthatthisco in

ambaur .

V

n X L T T 2 2.

entwobeadedborders

. Y e ar 1 3 1 .

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n X L I I , 2 2.

a > - O -

8 5 67 .

u ed a s g ov e rn o r of a l - I r a a n d th e E a s t ( T a b. I l l 1 0 . H a b l b

above , prefectatR ayy mainta inedhisauthority thereuntilheheard

abah w hohadbeeninQumis w asapproachingR ayy f romtheEast

withallthosefaithfulto theU mayyadcause.H asanenteredthe

Q ah^abaharrived totakeoverthegovernmentofthecity for

3 . I bn-a l-A thlraddstotheaccountinTabarithemonthSafar

thepresentcoins w iththe interestinginscription " A bu-Muslim

ammad , w erestruck betw eensayR abi I andDhu-a l-Hi j ah.

3 0 3 1 1 . 17 - 20 .

eseeventstheeffortsto obtainpeacebetweenNasrb.Sayyar

missionofabu-Muslim stoassassinateNasr( Y a q iibi I I ,

Nasr sarrivalandsubse uentil lnessinR ayy . H ediedinSawah

1 3 1 ( T a b . I l l 2 1 1 .1 0 -1 3 , t h at i s s h or t ly a f te r t he o c cu p at i on o f

ted.

ated.

3 1.

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AS D P E R I O D

1 37 ? ) .

ptabovethereverse . Thedate isobscureand167isa lsosug-

bscuritytogetherwiththefactthatthe coincitedhereis theonly

ongly inclinedtobe lievethatthe issue istobere ected.

en t a n o . a p g . 22 3 ( T i es . n o .6 9 1 .

anditsdependenciesw eregovernedbySulaymanb. cA li K hurasan

b. I b r ah i m ( T a b . I l l 1 2 1 1 1 . - 1 0 .

a r 1 3 .

u a re w it h 8 a n nu l et s a t th e

by tw os uares cornersandthemiddleof thesides

s eg me nt s O i l y O J u l . O O l c O * S .

se gm en ts ^ J \ i | | £ j j | | A y | | \ £ « u l l ^ -

, n o . 4 9 p p . 3 50 - 35 1 i l l u st r . P I . I , n o . 6 ( T i es . n o . 6 9 ) ; Z a m ba u r

p g. 6 3 R a y y 1 93 4 R G Q 2 04 3 R D 2 12 2 R D - G 35 01 ( o bs cu re a nd d at e

1 9 36 R C i 7 3 4 9 ( d i g it 8 o f d at e p re s er v ed .

etodeciphereithername Tiesenhausententativelyreadthe

y b u t no t t he m an s o wn n a me Z a m b a ur r e ad j ^ i - . I * • *

v ar i an t ( c f . T a b. I l l 6 4 1 . 2 0 f o o tn o te : C od d . j y ^ - i n t e r du m j j $ > - .

T ab a ri ( a n d cf . Y a q u b i I I , 4 4 2 i s f ^ > - > a n d th e s pe l li n g is

w hichcannotread asZ ambaurreads j y^ - -Z ambaurhasrightly

thatthenumismaticevidenceestablishesinplaceof thename

asit occursinthechronicles.

137 SinbadhofK hurasanhadrevo ltedwiththe intentionof

u-Muslim. Hemarchedtow arda l- I ra , butw ashaltedby J ahw ar

hepresentco in , w hohadbeensentagainsthimby theC aliph ina

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anandR ayy ( Tab. I l l 119 1. 11-120 1. 1 , andwask il ledbetw een

Tab.I ll 120 1.2 .( Z ambaur afteribn-al-Athlr gives13 forthe

137w ouldseemtobecorrect. Then duringtheyear13 , J ahw ar

uresofabu-MuslimatR ayy revoltedonhisownaccountanddrew

he Caliph whodispatchedMuhammadb.al-Ash athagainst

ahwarwasdefeatedandfledtoAdharbay anwherehewasfinally

( T ab . I l l 1 22 1 1. 6- 14 c f. M as Q d i V I , 1 8 , 1 .6 -1 9 1 .4 w ho h as

wronglydatedin136.

39.

^ - c- Z $ ^ r -̂ l ^ < - j > + * & \ f ~ >

C U j £ - i l- £ U * _ £ l l * & \ J u c * i ll 4 y \ £

2 0 8 a A NS G CM R a y y 19 34 R G Q 2 04 1 ( d a te a nd m in t ef fa ce d .

Abd-al-Hamid ( orH umayd iseffacedontheB erlinand

cimens ontheansspecimen I canseeonly _p- ? ) . Thedigito f the

ameareef facedontheq cmspecimen.

A mira l-Mu minin w hosenameappearsonthereverse isof

ur. Cantheprefect' A bd-al-Hamidbe' A bd-al-Hamidb. J a far

died153 mentionedinibn-a l-A thirV , 467 11. 16-17 C f . no . 43

ah al-B asrahandK hurasanin139were respectively:

a n b. M u a w iy a h a n d K h a l id b . I b r ah i m. ( T a b. I l l 1 2 7 1 1 .1 7 -1 9 .

r141.

*

»

\ j ^ J o - J L l. ^ J \ > ^ r uill I j j * * & \ — J

j ^ J - J u t̂ J u J s < ^ C ^ l l4 ii J ut < ul lJ l 4

n o . 43 p p . 63 - 64 .

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r141.

ut• beneaththereverse andonnoneof thespecimensw hich

hew ordclear.

hil ipThorburn R ayy 1934 R C h1973(dateandminteffaced ,

fac ed ; R a y y 19 35 R H 4 16 ; R a y y 1 93 6 R G 8 2 14 ( d at e an d mi nt

far , buthisco inisnotil lustrated. H eadoptsthe identif ica -

b. J a farb. ' A bdullaha l-A nsariastheprefect( cf . no . 42above .

issomewhatambiguousashereferstheobverseto theyear13 ,

erentstyle.H emustmean139.

ssent byhisfathertheCaliph al-MansurtoK hurasanatthe

r de r s to m ak e h is h e ad u a rt e rs i n R a y y . y ^ S - ^ < L l I a j k , j j

fl ^ J \ J j j s » ^ \ J ( j O L ~ J /> -d^ C- ( J j j l j t j * J \ < X & -o j j J J u C> -

t i ll t h e ye a r 15 1 . ( T a b . I l l 1 3 3 1 . 2 0- 1 34 1 . 2 . . A l - M ah d i s r e pr e -

w asa l-Sirrib. ' A bdullah. Thegovernorsofa l- ufahandal-B asrah

c f . no . 4 2 ab o ve . ( T a b. I l l 1 3 , 1 1 . - 1 0 .

r143.

u > j \ j ^ 1 ^ J l > l_ r̂ \ < - > _ /̂ * & \ »

f î I t ^ S j J \ { j J u l e. .y ŝ J l J u t -J - * j ^ I U t

I , n o . 40 2 p g . 11 7 G C M.

* . , buthisspecimenmustbepoorlypreserved asmineclearly

r143.

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> < S . 1 ô i 4 i l

1 J * l t J - [ o r ? j l yc - * j ^ l lr

2 09 0.

senameappearsonbothcoinsis ofcourseal-Mahdi the

twoprefects( Z ambaurtransliterates" Ta lh butthisisimpos-

u orfor^ U» ; andA sgharb/A bd-al-R ahmaniscerta inonmy

edthroughTabari B a ladhuri theA nonymousC hronicle(B a ladhuri ,

ut ibn-a l-A thirandothersforsomeclueastothe iridentitybutw ithout

hattheir namesarepreservedtousonly onthesecoins.Asghar

f t he t w o pr e fe c ts a t R a y y i n 14 3 a s ' I m r an s ( o r G ha f ra n s ? ? )

refectintheyear144( cf . no . 45below .

rahandal- Q fahremainedasin139 al-Mahdiwasofcourse

a llyovertheEast. ( Tab. I l l 141 11. 11-12 142 1. 15.

e a r 1 44 .

l L a f ■ " I

l .l j u \ J & S rJ u. lt ^ J l [ o r ^ 0 ^ ] J l ^

e rl i n( 1 4 ) , n o. 2 09 5 B e rl i n 1 9 1/ 1 9 3 P a r i s n o . 15 9 A NS A NS

w o sp ec im en s ; R a y y 19 34 R C 2 6 25 R a y y 19 36 R G 8 4 05 .

s r e ad « U L \ i n st ea d of * & \ 4 » S i b u t as * & \ 4 ^ 1 i s c le ar o na ll t he

k e ly thata Z > \ isamisreading.

rnprovincesremainedunchanged( Tab.I ll 1 9 11.9-10 .

n o . 44 A a b ov e .

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) . Y e a r 14 X ( 1 43 o r 14 4 .

* i

^ o . .. . ft l < _ £ ^ ^ A il l I a o il ~ j

. . » J - [ " ? .. . j i fr • . • \ j f 4 y \

4 51 .

Thiscoinisundoubtedlyaspecimenof anotherdieofone

3or144.

ammadiyahdirhanio f144issure ly tobere ected.

e a r 14 5 .

y > * i \ j ^ J > - I L L - ^ ^ l̂ j j J I \ l ^ j j a * ul »

a n I X , 3 3.

s. no.743 .

e a r 14 5 .

< ^ J ^ i

j u l j 4 - -̂ ) l > ̂ j j J I I j j * i - ^ - oi l

n I X , 3 3.

o p g. 4 3.

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r145.

< J j ~ l l̂ t S i u j b I j j k c ^ i « a l

^ 1 j U * _ £ l lJ j u ^ ^ j ^ i l a>

ar145.

> ~ - ^ ■ > [ s c l̂ r ^ ^ * \

J \ j C - i l J a 1 j ^ V l < _ U l c a— .. .J ; ^ L . a

v er s e il l us t r. P I . V I I , b u t i ll e gi b le .

ehas[ s a u. . . f orthenameof theprefect. I hadoccasionto

thandinB erlin andreada—> . . . w ithspaceforoneortw o letters

ebelieveonecanreada^ a s seebelow .

thee istenceof tw odifferentsilverandtw ocopperissuesat

shouldprecedeB inthesilverissues asthelatterbearsthe name

commoninthe issuesof thene tfew years. Of thecopperissues

hisnametogetherw iththato fhisprefectatR ayy . A lthoughin

utaybahb.Muslimal-B ahiliisnowherespecificallymentioned

shouldbeclearf romhishistorysummari edbelow thathe isthe

pearsasal-Mahdi s' amilonthecoin underdiscussion.

U mar( cf . no . 31above wrotetoHishamsuggestingSa lmas

buttheC aliphob ectedthatnoneofSa lm speoplewere inK hura-

hesa id Sa lm sfatherQ utaybahw ouldnothavebeenk il led.

1 1. 1- 6.

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inmentionedbyY usufb. ' U martotheCaliphasapossibil ity

. Sayyar so ldageandincreasingw eak nessw erecitedasgrounds

I , 1 7 21 1 1 .1 3 -1 4 .

a m il f o r Y a i d b . ' U m a r b. H u b a yr a h in a l -B a s r a h. ( T a b. I l l

a y y. ( T a b. I l l 2 0 6 1 1 .1 6 -1 7 c f . ib n -a l -A t hi r V , 4 3 2 1 . 21 .

allsclsa b.MiisaandSalmb.Q utaybahonthedeathofthe

bdullah andSalmleavesR ayyandjo insJ a farb. Sulayman( Tab.

.

aybahisremovedf romal-B asrahbya l-Mansur. (Tab. I I I .

11. 1-12.

b. Qutaybahw asgovernorofal-B asrahin145( Tab. I l l 319

thisoneyear hew asappo intedtothegovernorshipofR ayy hadcopper

amethere w asremoved andreappo intedtoa l-B asrah. I can

vingstruckfulusatal-B asrahintheyears145 or146.

. Y e a r 14 6 .

O r

• < j j \ > I a j ± * & \

n I X , 3 3.

l i n n e w. 6 6 9 6 7 0 1 2 i n As s ur C ol l ec t io n B e r l i n C a ir o n o . 2 9 I s t an b ul .

s , a n d on e u nn u mb e re d P a r is n o s. 6 3 2 6 3 3 ( t w o d ie s ; T i es . n o . 75 5

.

. Y e a r 1 46 .

u j \ j ^ J \ > ^ ^ A a ^ \ j j » « f l J ^ J r * & \

Y e a r 1 46 .

b u t ab o ve t h e ob v er s e ^ ; b e ne a th t h e re v er s e " X .

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o n C o m

the numismatic history of rayy / by george c. miles

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