The Northern Renaissance

The Renaissance Spreads North from Italy (1450 – 1600)

Donatello (Donato di Niccolò di Betto Bardi) (1386 – December 13, 1466)

1425 – 1430

Leonardo da Vinci (1452 – 1519)

1504 - 1506

1495 – 149815 ft. X 29 ft.

Raphael Sanzio (1483 – 1520)

The School of Athens (1509-1510)

Madonna and Child With Book (1504)

Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475 – 1564)

Sistine Chapel (1508 – 1512)

David (1501 – 1504)

Sofonisba Anguissola (1532 – 1625)

King Philip II of Spain (1558)

1450 – Population begins to grow in N. Eur. And trade increases again. Like in Italy, many merchants began to sponsor artists.

England and France had strong monarchs. Francis I invited da Vinci to retire in France and hired Italian artists to redecorate his palace at Fontainebleau and it became a showcase for Renaissance art.

Northern humanists were inspired to develop plans for social reform based on Judeo-Christian values.

The Northern Renaissance Begins

Albrecht Durer – studied in Italy (1494) & produced woodcuts and engravings

Hans Holbein the Younger – portrait painting; painted King Henry VIII of England

German Painters

Flanders (N. Eur. – Sp. Netherlands)

Jan van Eyck – specialized in realistic oil painting

Pieter Bruegel – everyday peasant life; weddings, dances, harvests; often large numbers of people

Flemish Painters

Peasant Wedding (1568)

The Harvesters (1565) by Pieter Bruegel

Young Woman with Water Pitcher (1660) by Jan van Eyck

Christian Humanism – the failure of the church to teach people to live as Christians

Thomas More – Utopia (1516) – “no place” a land where greed and corruption didn’t exist

Northern Writers urge Reform

Mid-1500s – Renaissance spread to England

Queen Elizabeth I of England – very educated – spoke 5 languages, music, and poetry

Did much to develop English art and literature

The Elizabethan Age (1558-1603)

Greatest playwright of all time?

By 1592 lived in London; Globe Theater

Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, Othello, and Macbeth

Wrote in the vernacular. He influences culture

today b/c he is entertaining, had interesting themes, and has inspired many movies.

William Shakespeare (1565 -1616)

Johann Gutenberg (1440) – Mainz, Germany

13th Century – block print items reached Eur. from China

1 book =5 mo. by hand copyist

500 books = 5 mo. by press and one man

Gutenberg Bible (1455)

Printing Press Spreads Renaissance Ideas