the nature of recreation, leisure, and play
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The Nature of Recreation, Leisure, and Play. Chapter 1 HPR 200 SPRING 2011. Leisure List. Make a list of all leisure you have experienced since Friday Find a partner Tell him/her all the leisure “things” that you have recently seen, done, or come into contact with. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Chapter 1HPR 200
SPRING 2011
The Nature of Recreation, Leisure, and Play
Leisure List
Make a list of all leisure you have experienced since Friday
Find a partnerTell him/her all the leisure “things” that you
have recently seen, done, or come into contact with
Essential Elements of Leisure
Perceived freedomAutotelic natureBeneficial outcome
Leisure
Do as one pleasesAt one’s own paceChoice in participationAbandon activity at will
Leisure Conceptualized
TimeActivityState of mind
Leisure As Time
Work time vs. Leisure timeWork time vs. Non-work timeDefine as what it is, not what it isn’t
Nash’s Paradigm of Free Time
Creativity
Active Participation
Emotional Participation
Killing Time
Injury to Self
Injury to Society
Leisure As Activity
Categories of like activitiesAllows for ease of studyProblem with this definition?Traditional activities may not be seen as
leisure for allActivities meanings can change
Leisure as Activity
Impulsive phasePerception phaseManipulation phaseConsummation phase
Leisure as Activities
Expressive acts Impulsive phase Perception phase Manipulation phase
Instrumental acts Impulsive phase Consummation phase
Leisure As a State of Mind
Freely chosen Perceived freedom
Intrinsic motivationSense of controlOptimal arousalWay of being
Optimal Arousal
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Boredom OptimalArousal
Anxiety
RiskCompetence
Defining Leisure
Elements Perceived freedom Autotelic activity Beneficial outcome
Conceptualizations Time Activity State of mind
Recreation
VoluntaryOrganizedSocially redeemingFunFree time
Recreation Recreation
Definition: voluntary participation in leisure activities that are meaningful and enjoyable
What are the catch words in this definition?
Types of Recreation
Public recreationCommercial recreationCorporate recreationTherapeutic recreationOther recreation settings
What kinds of recreation are What kinds of recreation are there?there?
Public Recreation Run by state, federal programs/subsidiaries or
by non-profit agencies Example: Paul B Johnson State Park
Commercial Recreation Run by for-profit businesses and organizations There is no need to associate these with better
or worse facilities or a disdain for profit Example: Movie Theaters, Bowling Alleys, Golf
Courses
Types of recreation (cont’d)Types of recreation (cont’d)
Corporate Recreation These forms of recreation are put on for the benefit
of employees or investors
Can exist in conjunction with commercial or public recreation
i.e. a bowling team in a for-profit bowling league or a corporate picnic held at a state park.
Types of recreation (cont’d)Types of recreation (cont’d)Therapeutic Recreation (T.R.)
Can occur in both public and private sectors Services special populations such as, but not limited to,
people with disabilities
T.R. could be used to service people with developmental disabilities in playing golf or in a seniors dance program, or to provide outdoor trust-based physical activities to youth from abusive backgrounds.
Other forms of recreation exist such as private club recreation or niche market recreation such as military recreation.
Play
SpontaneityExpressiveDone for its own sake
Play…what is it?Play…what is it?Play: Activities in which one engages freely and
from which one derives personal satisfaction. Other definitions imply a lack of formal organization that is implicit of play (know this).
Play is universal across cultures and even across species. Implications are that there is a biological purpose to develop kinesthetic awareness. Studies have even found traces of a “play center” in the brain.
From self awareness to external awareness to cultural and societal awareness, play provides stability and a process of learning.
Leisure, Recreation, or Play??
Leisure, Recreation, or Play??
Biological Interpretations of PlayThe young playInherentKarl Groos: prepare young for demands of life
Psychological Interpretations of PlayReflexDriveMotive
Sociological Interpretations of PlayRole of human groups on playJoseph Lee: need to belong can be filled
through playGeorge Herbert Mead: sense of self emerges
during play with others
Cultural Interpretations of Play
Culture defines leisureQuality of timePeer pressureSocial norms
Summary
Elements of LeisureConceptualization of LeisureDefinitions of:
Leisure (as time, as activity, as state of mind) Recreation Play
The Nature of Recreation, Leisure, and Play