the nature of gases section 10.1 after reading section 10.1, you should know: the three assumptions...
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THE NATURE OF GASESSECTION 10.1
After reading Section 10.1, you should know:
• the three assumptions of the kinetic theory
• how to convert pressure readings between atm, kPa and mm Hg
• how the kinetic theory affects gas pressure
Kinetic Theory
Atoms are in constant motion
3 Assumptions of the Kinetic Theory for gases: No attractive or repulsive forces exist between
gas particles The particles in a gas are in constant, random
motion All collisions are perfectly elastic
kinetic energy is transferred from one particle to the next without losing any energy
Gas Pressure
The force exerted by a gas per unit of surface area
A vacuum exists if there is no gas particles or pressure
1 atm = 760 mm Hg = 101.3 kPa
Gas Pressure
Atmospheric Pressure – force exerted from collisions of air particles with objects
Measured with a barometer
Kinetic Energy and Kelvin Temperature Particles absorb energy, which causes them
to move faster This increase in kinetic energy causes the
temperature to rise
At absolute zero (0 Kelvin) the molecules have no kinetic energy and are no longer moving
Kinetic energy and Kelvin temperature are directly related
After reading Section 10.1, you should know:
• the three assumptions of the kinetic theory
• how to convert pressure readings between atm, kPa and mm Hg
• how the kinetic theory affects gas pressure