the national sign and simbols india

8/4/2019 The National sign and simbols india

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The National Emblem of India

The State Emblem of India is in adaptation from the Sarnath Lion, capital ofAshoka the Emperor as preserved in the Sarnath Museum. The governmentadopted the emblem on 26th January, 1950, the day when India becamerepublic.

In the original Sarnath capital, there are four lions, standing back to back,mounted on an abacus with a frieze carrying sculptures in high relief of anelephant, a galloping horse, a bull and a lion separated by interveningwheels over a bell-shaped lotus. Carved out of a single block of polishedsandstone, the capital is crowned by the Wheel of the Law (DharmaChakra). In the state emblem adopted by the government of India, onlythree Lions are visible, the fourth being hidden from view. The wheelappears in relief in the center of the abacus with a bull on the right and ahorse on the left. The bell-shaped lotus has been omitted. The wordsSatyameva Jayate from Mundaka Upanishad, meaning Truth AloneTriumphs, are inscribed below the abacus in Devanagari script.The emblem forms a part of the official letterhead of the Government ofIndia, and appears on all Indian currency as well. It also sometimes

functions as the national emblem of India in many places and appearsprominently on the diplomatic and national Passport of the Republic of India.

The National Anthem of India

The Indian National anthem, originally composed in Bengali by Rabindranath Tagore, was adopted in itsHindi version by the Constituent Assembly as the National Anthem of India on 24 January 1950. It wasfirst sung on 27 December 1911 at the Calcutta session of the Indian National Congress. The completesong consists of five stanzas. Playing time of full version of the National Anthem is approximately 52seconds. The lyrics were rendered into English by Rabindranath Tagore himself.

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Jana gana mana adhi naayaka jaya hai!Bhaarat bhaagya vidhaata

Punjab Sindh Gujarat Maraatha,

Dravid Utkala Bangaa.Vindhya Himachala Yamuna Ganga,Uchhala jaladhi taranga.

Tava shubh naame jaage,Tava shubh aashish maage,

Gahe tava jaya-gaatha.

Jana-gana-mangaladayaka jaya hai!Bharat bhagya vidhata.

Jaya hai! Jaya hai! Jaya hai!Jaya Jaya Jaya Jaya hai!

English Translation

"Thou art the ruler of the minds of all people,dispenser of India's destiny.The name rouses the hearts of Punjab, Sind, Gujarat and Maratha,of the Dravid and Orissa and Bengal;It echoes in the hills of the Vindhyas and Himalayas,mingles in the music of the Yamuna and Gangaand is chanted by the waves of the Indian Sea.They pray for thy blessings and sing thy praise.The salvation of all people is in thy hand,thou dispenser of India's destiny.Victory, victory, victory to thee."

Facts About National Anthem

The song Jana-gana-mana, composed originally in Bengali by RabindranathTagore, was adopted in its Hindi version by the Constituent Assembly as the

National Anthem of India on 24 January 1950.

A formal rendition of the national anthem takes fifty two seconds.

The National Animal of India

The Tiger (Panthera Tigris, Linnaeus) is the national animal of India. Tiger is also called the lord ofJungles. The national animal of India, is a rich-colored well-striped animal with a short coat. As thenational animal of India, tiger symbolizes India's wildlife wealth. The combination of grace, strength, agilityand enormous power has earned the tiger great respect and high esteem.


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Out of the eight races of the species known, the Indian race, the RoyalBengal Tiger is found throughout the country (except the north-westernregion) and also in the neighboring countries like Nepal, Bhutan andBangladesh. Tigers are now getting extinct. The Government of India,under its "Project Tiger" programme, started a massive effort to preservethe tiger population in 1973. Today, the tiger advances as a symbol ofIndia's conservation of itself and its wildlife heritage. Since the launch of"Project Tiger", the tiger population has shown a gradual increase. So far,23 tiger reserves have been established in the country under this project.

The National Fruit of India

The Mango (Known as "Aam" in Hindi) is the national fruit of India.The fruit Mango is one of the most widely cultivated fruits of thetropical world. This juicy, delicious fruit is a rich source of VitaminsA, C and D. There are over 100 varieties of mangos in India, in a indifferent sizes, shapes and colors. It is a fleshy fruit, eaten ripe or

used green for pickles etc. Mangoes, have been cultivated in Indiafrom time immemorial.

The poet Kalidasa sang its praises. Alexander savoured its taste,as did the Chinese pilgrim Hieun Tsang. Akbar plant 100,000mango trees in Darbhanga, known as Lakhi Bagh.

The National Flower of India

Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) is the National Flower of India. It isa sacred flower and occupies a unique position in the art andmythology of ancient India and has been an auspicious symbolof Indian culture since time immemorial. The Lotus or water lilyis an aquatic plant of Nymphaea with broad floating leaves andbright fragrant flowers that grow only in shallow waters. Theleaves and flowers float and have long stems that contain airspaces. The big attractive flowers have many petalsoverlapping in a symmetrical pattern. Lotuses, prized for theirserene beauty, are delightful to behold as their blossoms open

on the surface of a pond.


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The National Flag of India

The Indian flag was designed as a symbol of freedom. The flag is ahorizontal tricolor in equal proportion of deep saffron on the top, white inthe middle and dark green at the bottom. Therefore it is also called as"Tiranga" (or "Tricolor"). The ratio of the width to the length of the flag is

two is to three. In the centre of the white band, there is a wheel in navyblue to indicate the Dharma Chakra, the wheel of law in the Sarnath LionCapital. Its diameter approximates the width of the white band and it has24 spokes.

Meaning behind the Colors of the Indian FlagThe Saffron Color :The saffron stands for courage, sacrifice and thespirit of renunciation.The White Color : The white stands, for purity and truth.The GreenColor : The green stands, for faith and fertility.

The Chakra:The spoked Ashoka Chakra in the center of the flag replaced theGandhian spinning wheel to add historical "depth" and separate thenational flag from that of the Indian National Congress. This DharmaChakra depicted the "wheel of the law" in the Sarnath Lion Capital madeby the 3rd-century BC Mauryan Emperor Ashoka. The chakra intends toshow that there is life in movement and death in stagnation.

Birth of the Indian FlagThe design of the National Flag of India was adopted by India's constituentassembly on 22nd July, 1947. It's use and display are regulated by a code.

Flag Code:On 26th January 2002, the flag code was changed. After 52 years, thecitizens of India are free to fly the Indian flag over their homes, offices and

factories on any day. Now Indians can proudly display the national flag anywhere and any time.

The National Song of India

"'Vand Mtaram" is the national song of India. The song was composed by Bankim Chandra Chatterjeein a highly Sanskritized form of the Bengali language. The song first appeared in his book''Anandamatha'', published in 1882 amid fears of a ban by British Raj, though the song itself was actuallywritten six years prior in 1876.Though a major aspirant for being thenational anthem of India, VandeMataram was eventually overtaken by Jana Gana Mana, which was ultimately chosen.

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vandE mAtaraM vandE mAtaram

sujalAM suphalAM malayaja shItalAm

shashya shyAmalAM mAtaraM vandE mAtaram.hsubrajyOtsnA pulakita yAminIm

pulla kusumita drumadala shObhinIm

suhAsinIM sumadhura bhAShinIm

sukhadAM varadAM mAtaraM vandE mAtaram.h

The English translation of the stanza rendered by Sri Aurobindo in prose' is:

I bow to thee, Mother,richly-watered, richly-fruited,

cool with the winds of the south,dark with the crops of the harvests,

The Mother!Her nights rejoicing in the glory of the moonlight,

her lands clothed beautifully with her trees in flowering bloom,Sweet of laughter, sweet of speech,

The Mother, giver of boons, giver of bliss.

The National Sport of India

Hockey is the National Game of India. Unmatched excellence andincomparable virtuosity brought India a string of Olympic gold

medals. The brilliant Indians brought a touch of black magic totheir play and the ball juggling feats of the Indians were a sheerdelight. The Golden Era of hockey in India was the period from1928 - 1956 when India won 6 consecutive gold medals in theOlympics

The National Bird of India

The Peacock, Pavo cristatus (Linnaeus), is the national bird of India. It is a symbol of grace, joy, beautyand love. Peacock is a large and majestic bird. Peacock is a colorful, swan-sized bird with a fan-shaped

crest of feathers on its head, a white patch under the eye and a long-slender neck.


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The male of the species is more colorful than the female with aglistening blue breast and neck and a spectacular bronze-green tail ofaround 200 elongated feathers. The female is brownish, slightly smallerthan the male and lacks the tail. Peacock occupies a respectableposition in Indian culture and is protected not only by religioussentiments but also by parliamentary statute. It is fully protected underthe Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.

The significance of peacock is attached to cultures of India, Far East,Ancient Persia, Greek and Christian. In Hinduism, the image of the godof thunder, rains and war, Indra, was depicted in the form of a peacock.In south India, peacock is considered as a 'vahana' or vehilce of lordMuruga. The figure of peacock is painted in various Islamic religiousbuildings. In Christianity, the peacock was also known as the symbol ofthe 'Resurrection'.

In India people believe that whenever the cock spread its tails in an ornamental fashion, it indicates thatrain is imminent. In a way it is partly true. At the sight of dark clouds the bird outspreads its tail and startsdancing in rhythmic fashion.

Found wild in India (and also domesticated in villages) they live in jungle lands near water. They wereonce bred for food but now hunting of peacocks is banned in India. The peahen has no plumage. Thesebirds do not sound as beautiful as they look they have a harsh call.

The National Tree of India

The Banyan (Bargad) is the National tree of India - called the Indian figtree( Ficus bengalensis) grow over a large area. The roots then give rise

to more trunks and branches. Because of this characteristic & longevity,the Banyan tree is considered immortal & sacred and is an integral part ofthe myths and legends in India. Even today, the banyan tree is the focalpoint of village life and the village council meetings under the shade ofthis huge shade-giving tree.

The National Calendar of India

The National Calendar based on the Saka Era with Chaitra as its first month and a normal year of 365days was adopted from 22 March 1957 along with the Gregorian calendar for the following official

purposes:(i) Gazette of India,(ii) news broadcast by All India Radio,(iii) calendars issued by the Government of India and(iv) Government communications addressed to the members of the public.Dates of the national calendar have a permanent correspondence with dates of the Gregorian calendar :1 Chaitra falling on 22 March normally and on 21 March in leap year.

the national sign and simbols india

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