the nasa land-cover/land- use change (lcluc) program...
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The NASA Land-Cover/Land-Use Change (LCLUC) Program:
Focus on South East Asia
Garik Gutman,LCLUC Program Manager
NASA HeadquartersWashington, DC
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Land-Cover/Land-Use Change Program
• LCLUC is an interdisciplinary scientific theme within NASA’s Earth Science program. The ultimate vision of this program is to develop the capability for periodic global inventories of land use and land cover from space, to develop the scientific understanding and models necessary to simulate the processes taking place, and to evaluate the consequences of observed and predicted changes
• http://lcluc.hq.nasa.gov/
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LCLUC: Drivers of Disturbance/Stress
Natural Drivers Natural hazards (fires, droughts,
floods, hurricanes, landslides) Invasive species Climate
Anthropogenic Drivers Agricultural changes Landscape modification, e.g.
urbanization Forest clearing, logging & fires Grazing by domestic animals
Socio-Economic Drivers• Technological change and
macro-economic transformations
• Political economy and institutional change
• Values, attitudes, beliefs, individual and household behavior
• Human population dynamics
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LCLUC Consequences/Impacts
Forestry Agriculture Wetlands and coastal zone Water resources and their quality Carbon storage and release Habitat degradation and fragmentation Atmospheric processes
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Tools
• Remote sensing observations (satellite and airborne)– Optical
• Hyper-spatial resolution multispectral (e.g. IKONOS, Orbview)• High resolution multispectral (e.g. Landsat, SPOT)• Moderate resolution multispectral (e.g. AVHRR, MODIS, MERIS)• Lidars
– Microwave• Passive• Radars
• In situ observations and intensive field campaigns• Modeling and integrative data analysis• Data and information systems
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Systematic Missions - Observation of Key Earth System Interactions
Terra AquaLandsat 7
NASA LCLUC-relevant Missions
4/15/99 12/18/99 5/3/02
EO-1SRTM2/11/00 11/21/00
Exploratory Missions - Exploration of Specific Earth System Processes and Parameters and Demonstration of Technologies
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AVHRR/MODIS
• spatial resolution 15m, 30m, 90m
2048 km swath
183 kmLandsat
• spatial resolution, 250m, 500m, 1000m
• spatial resolution, 15m, 30m
• global coverage, 2 days
• 16 day orbital repeat• seasonal global coverage
Synergistic Use of Optical Remote Sensing
~ 10 km• spatial resolution ~ 1m • global coverage, decades, if ever
Commercial Systems
ASTER 60 km• 45-60 day orbital repeat• global coverage, years
MISR• spatial resolution, 275m, 550m, 1100m
360 km• global coverage, 9 days
3300 km swathVIIRS
• spatial resolution, 400/800m (nadir (Vis/IR)) • global coverage, 2x/day/satellite
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Non-NASA Missions
• Radars (Radarsat, ALOS)• Optical: MERIS, SPOT, IRS, etc.• Defense Meteorological Satellite Project
(DMSP)
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Non-NASA Mission: Earth Night Lights Observed by DMSP
10CONGRATULATIONS TO THEOS !!
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Program Make-up
• Total ~60 projects => more than 200 people – LCLUC Monitoring/Modeling – LCLUC/Carbon Cycle– LCLUC/Water Cycle– LCLUC/Climate/Environment/
Biodiversity
http://lcluc.hq.nasa.gov/
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LCLUC Book
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Global Land Monitoring at Moderate Spatial Resolution (30m)
• International cooperation is needed for developing global datasets– Land Surface Imaging Constellation– Global Land Surveys
• Global Land Survey (GLS) 2005– USGS-NASA joint effort involving L-5 international
cooperators– Develop a global orthorectified dataset from Landsat
observations based on measurements circa 2005 (2004-2007) with 30-m spatial res.
• GLS-2010– Landsat observations insufficient– International effort
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LCLUC International Linkages to Global Programs
– GTOS/Global Observations of Forest Cover and Land-cover Dynamics (GOFC-GOLD)
– Global Land Project (GLP)– Integrated Land Ecosystem-Atmosphere
Processes Study (iLEAPS)
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Support of Regional Initiatives
• LBA: Regional Field Campaign in Amazon• CARPE: Central African Regional Project on
the Environment in Congo Basin (with US AID)• NEESPI: Northern Eurasia program• MAIRS: Monsoon Area program
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LCLUC Science Team MeetingsWashington, DCSpring2007: Climate/Carbon2008: Joint CC&E Focus Area meeting
InternationalFall-Winter2007: Drylands (NEESPI)
Urumqi, China2008: Tropics (MAIRS)
Kohn Kaen
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Monsoon Asia Integrated Regional Study (MAIRS)
• the most active human development with a history of more than 5000 years civilization and highest population density of the world
• the most rapid development in last decades and is expected to continue rapid development in the incoming century
• human activities of the monsoon Asia region have and will have significant impacts on the environmental conditions, not only regionally but also globally
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MAIRS Agenda• MAIRS Objectives
– To better understand how human activities in regions are interacting with and altering natural regional variability of the atmospheric, terrestrial, and marine components of the environment
– To contribute to the provision of a sound scientific basis for sustainable regional development
– To develop a predictive capability of estimating changes in global-regional linkages in the Earth System and to recognize on a sound scientific basis the future consequences of such changes
• Six cross-cutting issues of environmental change: Water, Energy, Food Security, Air quality and Health, Natural Disasters, Biodiversity
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MAIRS Science Themes
• Four research themes– Rapid transformation of land and marine
resources in coastal Zones– Multiple stresses on ecosystems and
biophysical resources in high Mountain Zones– Vulnerability of ecosystems in Semi-arid Zones
due to changing climate and land use– Changes in resource use and emissions due to
rapid urbanization in Urban Zones.
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Focus on SE Asia
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Issues in the Monsoonal Zone
• Rapid pace of economic development • Cross-border trade and regionalization • Poverty alleviation and alternative livelihoods
for upland communities• Biofuel from energy security perspective • Alternate land uses in the context of climate
mitigation– Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and
Degradation (REDD)• Need for good database for scientific analysis
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NASA Role in MAIRS• Lead the MAIRS remote sensing component
– Develop and maintain a regional satellite data base with raw data and products
– Develop and distribute special remote-sensing based datasets useful for climate modeling
– Facilitate access to satellite data and products by MAIRS investigators– Support regional calibration/validation activities
• Support regional network activities• Support MAIRS projects with a remote sensing component
that were peer-reviewed and selected for funding by NASA
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NASA MAIRS SE Asia Projects• Jefferson Fox/East-West Center: The Expansion Of Rubber And
Its Implications For Water And Carbon Dynamics In Montane Mainland Southeast Asia
• Chandra Giri/ SAIC/USGS EROS Center: Tropical Mangrove Forests: Global Distributions And Dynamics (1990-2005)
• Atul Jain/University of Illinois: Land Cover And Land Use Change And Its Effects On Carbon Dynamics In Monsoon Asian Region
• Jack Liu/Michigan State University: Interactive Effects Of Conservation And Development Policies On Land Cover And Panda Habitat In The Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuary (China)
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NASA MAIRS SE Asia Projects• Annemarie Schneider/University of Wisconsin: Monitoring And
Modeling Urbanization In China: A Mixed Methods And Multi-Scale Approach
•• Hanqin Tian/Auburn University: Land Use-Ecosystem-Climate
Interactions In Monsoon Asia
• Xiangming Xiao/University of New Hampshire: Developing Land Cover Classification Products In Monsoon Asia Over The Period Of 2004-2007 Through Integration Of Landsat and ALOS/PALSAR Images
• David Skole/Michigan State University: Enhancing Global Observations And Information On Tropical Forest Change Using Landsat Global Data
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NASA Contributions• 8 new research projects (2008 selections)
(total ~$2M)• More expected as new selections this year• NASA-MAIRS Project Scientist• Coordination and support of meetings• Data
– GLS-2005 dataset – EOS (MODIS, ASTER) products– EO-1 (ALI, Hyperion)– IKONOS from previous acquisitions
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MARS Structure
• Potential enhancements– International Organizational Committee
• Coordination– Focus Research Centers– Data Science Centers– Education Component
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MAIRS Education• Education component is an important part• MAIRS projects include young scientists from
Asia • A structure for MAIRS Education
component?• MAIRS Early Career Scientist Conferences,
summer schools?• Post-doc exchanges?• GLOBE (for bringing kids into science)?
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