The Muscular System

Functions, Anatomy, Physiology, Care, Injuries & Illnesses of our Muscles,

Ligaments & Tendons

DIAGRAM

FUNCTIONS OF OUR BODY’S MUSCLES

Responsible for all Body Movements

Pumps Blood throughout the Body

Moves food through the Digestive System

Controls movement of Air in & out of lungs.

CLASSIFICATION OF MUSCLE MOVEMENT

VOLUNTARYMovement under conscience control walking, talking, reaching

INVOLUNTARYAutomatic movement: breathing & blinking

TYPES OF MUSCLEINVOLUNTARY:

SMOOTH: Named for Smooth StructureForms Internal Organs

Intestines, Bladder, Walls of Vessels

CARDIAC: (Striated)Tissue that forms the walls of the HeartMost Important Muscle in the BodyResponsible for Pumping Blood through bodyContracts rhythmically ~100,000x/day

TYPES OF MUSCLEVOLUNTARY:SKELETAL: (Striated)

Striped TissueMuscles attached to bonesForms largest part of the Muscular SystemMore than 600 musclesMakes up more than ½ Body’s weightCreate Body MovementDisplays Muscle Tone/ Reflects Muscle Use

MUSCULAR DISECTION

PROTEINS

FILAMENTS

MYOFIBRILS

MUSCLE FIBERS

MUSCLE CELLS

STRIATIONS

SKELETAL MUSCLE

OPPOSITE/COMPLIMENTARY MOVEMENT

Every muscle has a “brother” or Complimentary Muscle that will work in opposition to flex or

extend joints.*Muscles “Pull.” They do not “Push.”

MUSCULAR CONTRACTIONKey Words

Contraction/ Extension is triggered by nerve impulses.

CONTRACTION:Shortening of Muscle FibersEXTENSION:Stretching of Muscle FibersFLEXOR:Muscle that Closes a JointEXTENSOR:Muscle that Opens a Joint

How It Works!Brain Sends MessageMessage travels to Muscle & Jumps from the Motor End Plates to the Muscle Striations CONTRACT!

Actin & Myosin jump on top of each otherMyofibrils shorten, Fibers shorten, Cells

shorten, Striation shortens, Muscle Contracts.EXTEND!

Actin & Myosin repel each otherMyofibrils lengthen, Fibers lengthen, Cells lengthen, Striations lengthen, Muscle Extends.

CARE OF OUR MUSCULAR SYSTEM

INJURIESMuscle Ache: Due to Lactic Acid Build Up

Results in Cramps and KnotsTemporary Condition

Strain: Pulled MuscleResults from OverexertionMost Common in AthletesTreatment Consists of R.I.C.E. Method

R->I->C->E->

INJURIES (cont.)Bruise: Discolored area under the surface of

skin caused by leakage of blood after injurySore or Painful to the TouchTreatment Ice or Cold Pack (ReducesPain and Swelling)

Tendonitis: Inflammation of a TendonCaused by Overuse Symptoms include pain, tenderness, &restricted movement Treatment may include anti-inflammatory meds, ultrasound, or injection of corticosteroids.

INJURIES (cont.)

Hernia: More serious Muscle InjuryProtrusion of an organ or tissue through aweak area in the muscular wall.Can occur when one lifts a heavy object.Treatment usually results in surgery to repair the injured area.

ILLNESSES

Muscular Distrophy: Inherited Disordercharacterized by a progressive wasting

away of Skeletal Muscles.Degenerative in NatureEarly Detection is crucial.No cure.Muscular weakening can be delayed byregular exercise.

ILLNESSES (cont.)

Myasthenia Gravis:A disorder in which the muscles become weak and easily fatiguedSymptoms include…… Droopy Eyelids & Double Vision

MUSCULAR SYSTEM REVIEW1. What is the difference between voluntary and involuntary muscle movement?2. Do muscles pull or push? How do muscles work together?3. Extensors do what? Flexors do what?4. The strongest muscle in the body is?5. The most important muscle in the body is?6. What keeps muscles strong?7. What is Tone?8. Name two muscles that work together.9. What jobs is the Muscular System responsible for?10. How do we take care of our Muscular System?11. What is the R.I.C.E. Method?12. Aches and Strains most often affect what kind of people?13. How does one avoid Injury to the muscles?14. Where do bruises occur?15. How does one end up with a hernia?16. Droopy Eyelids and Double vision are symptoms of what degenerative disease?17. What is the best way to prevent/ delay degenerative diseases?18. Name two diseases that affects the muscular system.