The MSFC mirror for SXT-IThe MSFC mirror for SXT-I Scientific Case Scientific Case-- Star-forming regions -- Star-forming regions ----

Astro-H Science TeamAstro-H Science Team

M. Tsujimoto (JASA/ISAS)M. Tsujimoto (JASA/ISAS)

MSFC vs. GSFC in SFRsMSFC vs. GSFC in SFRs

MSFC mirrors has the sharper PSF size (rMSFC mirrors has the sharper PSF size (rPSFPSF) by x3 ) by x3 at a sacrifice of the effective area (EA) smaller by at a sacrifice of the effective area (EA) smaller by x1/2 than GSFC mirrors.x1/2 than GSFC mirrors.

Assume that the position determination accuracy Assume that the position determination accuracy is proportional to ris proportional to rPSF PSF / (S/N) ~ r/ (S/N) ~ rPSFPSF / (EA) / (EA)1/21/2..

A gain of x2 in the positional accuracy for MSFC.A gain of x2 in the positional accuracy for MSFC. This is a great advantage in star-forming regions, This is a great advantage in star-forming regions,

where 10-20 sources are crowded in the SXS FoV.where 10-20 sources are crowded in the SXS FoV.

A practical science A practical science casecase

X-ray flares from proto-stars (=young Suns) illuminate their X-ray flares from proto-stars (=young Suns) illuminate their circumstellar (proto-planetary) disks.circumstellar (proto-planetary) disks.

Crucial to unveil the initial condition of planet formation.Crucial to unveil the initial condition of planet formation.– X-rays are a major ionization source of disks (Glassgold+ 1997).X-rays are a major ionization source of disks (Glassgold+ 1997).– It affects the disk chemistry and evolution (Nomura+ 2007).It affects the disk chemistry and evolution (Nomura+ 2007).

An artists view (a video clip; SAO). Scientifically unproven.An artists view (a video clip; SAO). Scientifically unproven. It is known (Imanishi+ 2001; Tsujimoto+ 2005) thatIt is known (Imanishi+ 2001; Tsujimoto+ 2005) that

– Proto-stars commonly erupt flares occasionally (2-3/week).Proto-stars commonly erupt flares occasionally (2-3/week).– Fe I KFe I K fluorescence line emission at 6.4 keV is (1) the direct proof of fluorescence line emission at 6.4 keV is (1) the direct proof of

photo-ionization, (2) a useful diagnosis to reveal the illumination photo-ionization, (2) a useful diagnosis to reveal the illumination geometry.geometry.

It is unknown (and Astro-H will bring new big clues to)It is unknown (and Astro-H will bring new big clues to)– How large the flares are?How large the flares are?– How the proto-planetary disks are illuminated?How the proto-planetary disks are illuminated?

Oph cloud (D=120 Oph cloud (D=120 pc)pc)

*Stelzer, B. @ http://www.mpe.mpg.de/ixo/files/workshop_mpe_2008/ixo_MPE_v2.ppt.(Imanishi+ 2001, ApJ)

(Imanishi+ 2001, ApJ)

XMM-Newton view* 100 ks

Fe I Ka fluorescenceAny stars in SXS FoV can cause such flares once in 2-3 days. A 100 ks observation will catch some flares.

Simulated spectra based on observed values in YLW16A (Imanishi+ 2001)• NH=4.7x1022/cm2

• kBT=10.7 keV• EW (Fe I Ka)=146 eV• Fx = 1.1x10-11 erg/s/cm2Direct

emission

Reflected emission

Simulation: SXS/I Simulation: SXS/I spectraspectra

SXS

SXI (GSFC)

SXI (MSFC)

Fe

I K

Fe

XX

V K

Fe

XX

VI

K

Compton shoulder

EW (Fe I Ka) & CS are independenttools for the reflection geometry.

Simulation: SXI imageSimulation: SXI image

Which star caused the SXS flare?Which star caused the SXS flare?

XMM image smoothed with 1’.3.

XMM image smoothed with 0’.4.