The MOLE!!!

The mole is one of the big concepts of Chemistry.

The mole is a counting number, just like1 dozen = 12 things1 score = 20 things1 ream = 500 things

1 mole = 6.022 x 1023 things or 1 mole = 602,200,000,000,000,000,000,000 things

We use moles in Chemistry b/c actually counting things would take too long.

Ex. Counting a moles worth of pennies at 5 pennies/second.

We use moles in Chemistry b/c actually counting things would take too long.

Ex. Counting a moles worth of pennies at 5 pennies/second.

WOW! Almost 4 quadrillion years!

1st Definition of a mole

6.022 x 1023 = Avogadro’s number. Avogadro’s number just talks about numbers of particles like atoms.

Ex. 1 mole C = 6.022 x 1023 atoms of C

However, elements have different masses, So 1 mole of everything is also going to

have different masses.

Ex. 5 grapes vs. 5 grapefruitsSame # of fruit, but very different masses

Molar Mass – 2nd definition of a moleThe decimal numbers on the Periodic Table tell you

the average atomic mass of an element in amu. By definition that is also the mass of that element in

grams of one mole of that element.

Ex. 1 atom C = 12.011 amu1 mole C = 12.011 grams C1 mol Na = 22.990 g Na1 mol Cl = 35.453 g Cl

these are known as molar masses (the mass of one mole)

How do you find the molar mass for a compound?

Add up the molar masses of the individual elements.

Ex. NaCl Na = 22.990 g Cl = 35.453 g

22.990 g + 35.453 g = 58.443 g

So 1 mole of NaCl = 58.443 g NaCl

Ex. Beryllium nitrate For Be(NO3)2 take each atom into consideration.

Be _______ g x 1 = _______ gN _______ g x 2 = _______ gO _______ g x 6 = _______ g

= _______ g

Ex. Beryllium nitrate For Be(NO3)2 take each atom into consideration.

Be 9.012 g x 1 = 9.012 gN 14.007 g x 2 = 28.014 gO 15.999 g x 6 = 95.994 g = 133.020 g

So 1 mole Be(NO3)2 = 133.020 g Be(NO3)2

A mole of various substances

Molar Volume

3rd definition of a mole (molar is the adjective form of mole)

1 mole of a gas = 22.4 Liters of a gas (for gases only at STP, standard temperature and pressure)

1 mol O2 = 22.4 L O2

1 mol CO2 = 22.4 L CO2

Molar Conversions

1 mole = molar mass (g)(grams from the Periodic Table)

1 mole = volume (L)(22.4 L of a gas at STP)

1 mole = # of things (atoms)(6.022 x 1023 atoms)

Ex. 1) 327.2 g of Carbon = ? moles of Carbon  

Ex. 2) How many moles are in 3.295 x 1020

atoms of Copper?

Ex. 3) If you capture 17 moles of Chlorine gas, Cl2 , how many liters do you have?

Ex. 4) Determine the amount of grams in 2.50 moles of sodium phosphate, Na3PO4.

Mole day videos

Happy Mole Day to you!http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ReMe348Im2w&list=FLnKhdeJuC7b73gwWnbWEr8g&index=17&feature=plpp_video

Mole is a Unithttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PvT51M0ek5c

Tom Lehrer CHEMISTRY element songhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DYW50F42ss8&feature=BFa&list=FLnKhdeJuC7b73gwWnbWEr8g

Daniel Radcliffe sings "The Elements“ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rSAaiYKF0cs&feature=BFa&list=FLnKhdeJuC7b73gwWnbWEr8g

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zUDDiWtFtEM

AP Chem Raphttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dGgzB7xiF5U&feature=BFa&list=FLnKhdeJuC7b73gwWnbWEr8g

AVOGADRO'S BACK http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZLO47JPHaF0&feature=BFa&list=FLnKhdeJuC7b73gwWnbWEr8g