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Discipline of ITJames Cook UniversityNovember 20, 2014Welcome to CP3307 / CP5307

12This presentation focuses onSubject Outline

Why Mobile?

The Mobile Ecosystem23Teaching StaffSubject Coordinator: Dr Jason Holdsworth

Lecturer: Dr Cue Nguyen

Practical class supervisor: Collin Tran34Teaching StaffContact details:Room: Level 6Office Phone: 3001 7838 or 0403 154 157Email: cue.nguyen@jcu.edu.au45Purpose of this subject?Introduction to mobile programmingCurrent state-of-the-artThe future

56Learning OutcomesHands-on experience programming mobiles devices on the Android platform and the iOS platform

Understand the importance of mobile UI patterns

Compare and contrast mobile technologies

67Subject Assessment CP5307Coding Exercises: (10%)Weeks 2-9 (2.5% each)Coding Assignment: Week 10 (30%)Android AppiOS AppFinal Exam: Examination period (40%)Short Ans Qs / Long Ans Qs

Technical Report: Week 8 (20%)Survey the impact of _________ on the mobile market place78Question time: getting to know youWho has a mobile device?

Who has programmed Android?

Who has programmed iOS?

Who as programmed Windows Phone?

Who is an App developer?8Anywhere, anytime...So what is Mobility?Technology that makes our life easier

Dr. Martin Cooper of Motorola, made the first US analog mobile phone call on a prototype in 1973.

This is a clearly a reenactment (source wikipedia)Mobile phone or cell phone: full duplex 2 way radio deviceTelecommunication over a cellular network.Cellular network: a radio nw; cell sites or based stations are joined to provide radio coverage over a wide area.

Now lets considerWhats inside a typical mobile phone?

What happens when we make a call or connect to the internet from a mobile?Things packed into a tiny space

Aerials for network carriers, or sometimes FM radio

Audio speaker and microphone

sensors: gyro (rotation), accelerometer (motion), compass (direction), proximity (closeness), etc.

Battery, keyboard, camera, storage / memory, display, and CPU (and sometimes other processing units)

Different mobiles support a wide variety of features and capabilitiesMobile Phones interact in various ways

The characteristics of mobility are:Physical portability - lightweight, rugged

Usability - support many different users

Functionality - custom apps, built-in apps

Connectivity WIFI, 3G/4G, NFC, bluetooth

Usability - easy to type in text and menu commands, fast startup, data integrity, robust

NFC = Near-field communicationSo how did mobility end up like it is?Mobility is shaped by

CarriersMakersThis is the macroscopic point of view you can take to look at world of mobiles:

The telcos provide the networking infrastructure for all types of phones and mobile devices the devices rely in the networks

The huge variety of mobile devices from the numerous mobile companies like Apple, Samsung, HTC, etc.

And the Web split into mobile web and normal web

Each of these things are pushing and pulling mobile technology in different directions; each company has its own interests and agendas that it wants to pursue

The telcos control a great deal about what the mobile devices should be and what they can do (noteworthy example: internet tethering was not always allowed for a particular mobile device by every network carrier)

Mobile device vendors and the customers are pushing the boundaries of what a mobile device is expected to do

Accessing the web from a mobile device is a vital aspect of what a modern mobile device needs to support but the web UI was designed for desktops and laptops thats why the mobile web was created although we can access both from a mobile device

The carriers, makers, and the webThe carriers provide networking infrastructureMobile devices rely on the networks!

The makers create huge numbers of devicesApple, Samsung, HTC,

The carriers, makers, and the webThese things push and pull mobile technology in different directions:

Each company has its own interests and agendas

The telcos control a great deal about what a mobile devices should be and what they can do

Example: internet tethering not every network carrier supported tethering for every device!

"The vast majority of the changes we make to the [motorola] OS are to meet the requirements that carriers have"

Motorolas Mobility CEOSanjay JhaJan 2012source: http://www.theverge.com/2012/1/10/2697939/motorolas-sanjay-jha-verizon-and-at-t-dont-want-seven-stock-androidMobility is also shaped by

ConsumersProgrammers

Consumers expectations:The speed and reliability of the network

A range of useful device capabilities

A range of useful services

Programmer expectations:Powerful IDEs that support the programmer

Communities and forums

Comprehensive Documentation

Easy-to-program / easy-to-learn

E.g. allows teenagers to learn how to program

The future?Programming to become number one job?Teenagers making huge amounts of money?Recently, two 16-year-olds made Finishedhttp://news.cnet.com/8301-13579_3-57570441-37/teen-ios-app-developers-hit-download-lottery/

22So, why mobile?Is mobile really the next big thing?

Will the buzz and hype last?

24How to be successful, ask these questions:What is the size and scope of the mobile market?

What percentage of the market can we reach?

What competitive benefits does the mobile medium offer?

What are the core needs of our reachable market?

Where is the market heading?2425Total market size

2526Reachable market

26Mobile is the 7th mass mediumPrinting press (15th Century)Recordings (19th Century)Cinema (1900s)Radio (1910s)T.V. (1950s)The Internet (1990s)Mobile (2000s)Mobile is the 7th mass mediumMobile is:The first personal mass media

The first always-on mass media

The first always-carried mass media

The only mass media with built-in payments

So whats the 8th mass medium?

The Mobile Web is likely to be a big part of itThe history of mobile phones is complex!

http://www.esphoneblog.com/2009/08/26/picture-of-all-the-nokia-phones-ever-released/There are a few ways to look at the history of mobile techNetwork Generations:

1G, 2G, 3G, 4GMobile Device Eras:

Brick, Candy Bar, Feature Phone, Smartphone,Touchphone1G1st generation mobile phonesJust calls... mobile to mobile/landlineNo additional functionalityAnalog systembasic mobile networks, analog, just calls, no additional functionality2G2nd generation mobile phonesDigital systemAdditional functionalitySMS, WAP, Packet news, etcservice providers - 3rd party, separate from the telecoms

Big change from 1G... opened up the mobile market3G3rd generation mobile phonesMuch like 2G - but fasterGave rise to internet apps & chat apps4G and beyond4th generation mobile phonesFlexible Peer-to-peer servicesCooperative services

e.g. iPhone facetime

Possibility of sensor services - mobile interacts with nearby sensors that provide services to itThe Brick Era 70s 80s

1970s 1980s1G, Huge batteries

expensive to make calls

limited network reach

hard to find a good place to use itNot many cell towersThe Candy bar Era 90sSwitched to 2G

Switch from analog to digital comms

Telcos create better networking towers and infrastructure More services: SMS

Feature phone & Smartphone Era 00s2000s

Allow consumers to:Listen to musicTake photosSMS, MMSPacket news3GNokia was a huge at this point in time!

The Touchphone Era the game changernowEvery once and a while, a revolutionary product comes along that changes everything Steve Jobs, Jan 2007

Clearly, the iPhone was a huge impact on the mobile industry and mobile technology vendors the iPhone changed the perception of what a mobile phone could be used for in the minds-eye of the world. Moreover, Apple create the first successful mobile app marketplace a wonderful step forward; especially for indie programmers!!

And now as we are seeing, many vendors are jumping on the band-wagon and produces better and better devices to compete with the iPhone the next 5 years are looking great to be involved in mobile application development!

Point 1: Mobiles are NOT EQUALhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bit_rate#Progress_trendsMobile phones are NOT EQUALGPRSBluetooth1Bluetooth2WLAN10m100m1000m100 Mbps1 MbpsPoint 2:Customers really want ServicesTechnology for its own sake is not enough...Conclusion: the mobile ecosystem is complex!CarriersNetworksDevicesPlatformsOperating SystemsApplication FrameworksApplicationsServicesCarriers = telstra, optus, etc. they support the various network types (GSM, EDGE, HSPA, etc)

Devices = the mobile itself, the hardware, which is controlled by the platform (J2ME, or Windows Mobile, or android) and its operating system (customized Linux OSs like Android OS and iOS)

Application frameworks = collection of APIs and SDK the programmer uses to create mobile apps with (Android SDK, iOS SDK, etc)

Applications = mobile browser, chat apps, calendar, etc

Services = what the user uses what tasks they want to perform with the mobile device I want to check my email at the airport

44Its the start of ubiquitous computingQuestions?What is mobile?

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