the middle ages from the roman empire to 1500. the early middle ages from 500 - 1000
TRANSCRIPT
Christian Church
• Middle Ages begins after fall of Roman Empire
• Much disorder in Europe
• Church became stronger and spread through Europe
• Church led by the Pope (father)
Role of the Christian Church
• Organized territories
• Governing law
• Settled disputes
• Gained great wealth and land
• Determined Latin as written language
• Some Christians became hermits and joined together to form monastaries
Monastaries
• Monks– Committed to God– Prayed 5 hours a day– Committed to simple living– Centre of learning– Copied books by hand
Feudal System
• System of owning land • Land owned by lords
and worked by serfs• Serfs had to pay rent
and taxes to the lord. • Life was short and few
lived past the age of 40.
The Manor
• A world within itself. • Included several villages and many acres of
farmland. • Things that were needed were grown or made
on the manor. • This meant that money was not needed to buy
goods. • It also meant that most people seldom left the
manor during their entire lives.
Knights
• Sons of lords
Page: Age seven. • left home to live an train in a knight's household. There he
learned to behave with courtesy and handle small weapons.
Squire: ages of 15 to 20.• The squire was blessed by a priest and given a sword and
a belt. The young noble began to ride into battle alongside the knight.
• Knight: Becoming a knight marked "graduation." In a special ceremony he knelt before the king who dubbed him a knight by tapping him with a sword three times.
Problems with Manor Life
• Infertile Soil
• Crude farming tools
• Shortage of Food
• Famine
• Epidemics
• Decrease in population
Islam in the Arab States
• Religion founded by prophet Muhammed from Mecca in early 600 AD
• Means submission to God
• Followers are Muslims
• Faith spread quickly in Arab States
• Wanted to conquer surrounding territories to spread religion
Eight Crusades
• First Crusade in 1095 captures Jerusalem
• Led by knights• Later crusades failed• Many commoners
joined the later crusades
Effects of the Crusades
• Trade stimulated
• Soldiers returned to Europe with rare goods, spices and silk fabrics
• New clothing styles emerged
• New technologies brought back to Europe from more advanced Muslim civilization
• However, great hostility between Christians and Islams remained
Positive ChangesThe Growth of Towns
• Nobles began to spend less time in battle and more time on the manors.
• Nobles increased their farmlands and crop surpluses occurred.
• Towns developed to provide a marketplace for the surpluses.
• The marketplaces flourished with European traders exchanging goods like grains, wool cloth, and wine for spices and silk from Asia and Africa.
Church
• Remained powerful
• 500 cathedrals built in Europe
• Gothic Style architecture
• Gargoyles
• Religion was the focus of everyday life
The Black Death 1347 - 1350
• Caused by a rat flea brought from the orient back to Europe through tradesmen
• High fever and black spots
• 1/3 of Europe’s population died within three years
Post Plague and Crusades
• Population needed to increase
• Increased trade
• Rise of social classes
• Looking to the future…….
• And rebirth……
Sources
• www.warrennet.org/wtsd/medieval/ • www.ucalgary.ca/.../tutor/imagemid/bigfrank.gif• www.paradoxplace.com/Perspectives/Italian%20I...• http://www.bayeuxtapestry.org.uk/images/feudal-system.gif• www.eiaonline.com/.../medieval-707963-753580.jpg• east.mesa.k12.co.us/library/images/KIRK6479Cu
• bss.sfsu.edu/jrodriguez/courses/331/331image.jpg