the meiji restoration era, 1868-1889 road to industrialization
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The Meiji Restoration The Meiji Restoration Era, Era,
1868-18891868-1889
Road to IndustrializationRoad to Industrialization
Change was the currency Change was the currency isolated, feudalistic island state in isolated, feudalistic island state in
1850 1850 a powerful colonial power with the a powerful colonial power with the
most modern of institutions by 1912 most modern of institutions by 1912
Samurai
Samurai of the Satsuma clan during the Boshin War, circa 1867.
Sources of the Meiji Sources of the Meiji RestorationRestoration
Tokugawa era Tokugawa era (1600–1868) (1600–1868) stability stability centralized “feudal” centralized “feudal”
system system Europeans excluded Europeans excluded political and educational political and educational
sophistication sophistication Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu
Late-Tokugawa Japan ripe for Late-Tokugawa Japan ripe for change change
leaders interested in leaders interested in the ways of the West the ways of the West
American and American and European seaman European seaman began visiting Japan’s began visiting Japan’s ports ports
Domains gaining Domains gaining power at the expense power at the expense of the shogunateof the shogunate
Japanese woodblock print of Perry (centre) and other high-ranking American seamen.
Tokugawa opens Japan to Tokugawa opens Japan to foreigners in 1854 foreigners in 1854
most tumultuous periodmost tumultuous period Westerners demand trade Westerners demand trade new customs new customs Christian religion Christian religion Playing politicsPlaying politics
Commodore Perry's fleet for his second visit to Japan in 1854.
The Transition to Meiji, The Transition to Meiji, 1868–18771868–1877
January 3, 1868, Meiji’s coupJanuary 3, 1868, Meiji’s coup leaders were young leaders were young policies were pragmatic policies were pragmatic power was tenuous power was tenuous
The Meiji Emperor,moving from Kyoto to Tokyo, end of 1868.
““Seat-of-the-pants” Seat-of-the-pants” GovernmentGovernment
““charter oath,” issued in April 1868 charter oath,” issued in April 1868 government structure was government structure was
reorganized repeatedly reorganized repeatedly leadership kept shifting leadership kept shifting policies often revised policies often revised
Reception by the Meiji Emperor of the Second French Military Mission to Japan, 1872.
The Clear Direction The Clear Direction
CentralizationCentralization SolidaritySolidarity Involvement in the Involvement in the
broader world. broader world. Commitment to making Commitment to making
Japan a modern nationJapan a modern nation
Emperor Meiji in his fifties
Internationalization Internationalization
Studied Western models Studied Western models yatoi yatoi
Treaty Revision Treaty Revision
The Meiji emperor receiving the Order of the Garter from Prince Arthur of Connaught in 1906, as a consequence of the Anglo-Japanese Alliance.
Centralization Centralization replace the semi-feudal domains with replace the semi-feudal domains with
modern prefectures modern prefectures military draft military draft School compulsorySchool compulsory
Crisis of 1873 Crisis of 1873 Satsuma Rebellion Satsuma Rebellion
of 1877 of 1877
Provinces of Japan in an 1855 map.
Creating a Modern System, Creating a Modern System, 1877–18891877–1889
hard on the traditional samurai class, hard on the traditional samurai class, and devastating for vast numbers of and devastating for vast numbers of peoplepeople
diffusion of new ideas and practices diffusion of new ideas and practices FoodFood BusinessBusiness InfrastructureInfrastructure culture culture
Saigo Takamori (seated, in Western uniform), surrounded by his officers, in samurai attire, during the 1877 Satsuma rebellion.
Drive toward creating a Drive toward creating a Constitutional System Constitutional System
A constant, fierce struggle between A constant, fierce struggle between popular and official forces. popular and official forces. ““movement for freedom and rights” movement for freedom and rights”
Ito Hirobumi, led a group to Europe Ito Hirobumi, led a group to Europe to study political systems to study political systems
Prime Minister of Japan In office
22 December 1885 – 30 April 1888
The Restoration LegacyThe Restoration Legacy
The rise of nationalism The rise of nationalism rising importance of military affairs rising importance of military affairs march to modernity march to modernity
Itagaki Taisuke was attacked by thug in Gifu. And, he said "Itagaki may die, but liberty never!"
Read and AnswerRead and Answer
What cultural beliefs and attitudes What cultural beliefs and attitudes allowed Japan to industrialize so allowed Japan to industrialize so quickly?quickly?
How does this compare to Russian How does this compare to Russian industrialization?industrialization?
Read:Read: The Samurai and their use of BushidoThe Samurai and their use of Bushido Bushido: The Way of the WarriorBushido: The Way of the Warrior
ReadRead
The Samurai and their use of BushidoThe Samurai and their use of Bushido Bushido: The Way of the WarriorBushido: The Way of the Warrior